Initial revision

3 files changed, 1184 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/contrib/Diskless-From-NT/Config.txt b/contrib/Diskless-From-NT/Config.txt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..60385fb7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/Diskless-From-NT/Config.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,537 @@
+#
+# Automatically generated make config: don't edit
+#
+CONFIG_X86=y
+CONFIG_ISA=y
+# CONFIG_SBUS is not set
+CONFIG_UID16=y
+
+#
+# Code maturity level options
+#
+CONFIG_EXPERIMENTAL=y
+
+#
+# Loadable module support
+#
+CONFIG_MODULES=y
+# CONFIG_MODVERSIONS is not set
+# CONFIG_KMOD is not set
+
+#
+# Processor type and features
+#
+CONFIG_M386=y
+# CONFIG_M486 is not set
+# CONFIG_M586 is not set
+# CONFIG_M586TSC is not set
+# CONFIG_M586MMX is not set
+# CONFIG_M686 is not set
+# CONFIG_M686FXSR is not set
+# CONFIG_MPENTIUM4 is not set
+# CONFIG_MK6 is not set
+# CONFIG_MK7 is not set
+# CONFIG_MCRUSOE is not set
+# CONFIG_MWINCHIPC6 is not set
+# CONFIG_MWINCHIP2 is not set
+# CONFIG_MWINCHIP3D is not set
+# CONFIG_X86_CMPXCHG is not set
+CONFIG_X86_L1_CACHE_SHIFT=4
+# CONFIG_TOSHIBA is not set
+# CONFIG_MICROCODE is not set
+# CONFIG_X86_MSR is not set
+# CONFIG_X86_CPUID is not set
+CONFIG_NOHIGHMEM=y
+# CONFIG_HIGHMEM4G is not set
+# CONFIG_HIGHMEM64G is not set
+CONFIG_MATH_EMULATION=y
+CONFIG_MTRR=y
+# CONFIG_SMP is not set
+# CONFIG_X86_UP_IOAPIC is not set
+
+#
+# General setup
+#
+CONFIG_NET=y
+# CONFIG_VISWS is not set
+CONFIG_PCI=y
+# CONFIG_PCI_GOBIOS is not set
+# CONFIG_PCI_GODIRECT is not set
+CONFIG_PCI_GOANY=y
+CONFIG_PCI_BIOS=y
+CONFIG_PCI_DIRECT=y
+# CONFIG_PCI_NAMES is not set
+CONFIG_EISA=y
+# CONFIG_MCA is not set
+CONFIG_HOTPLUG=y
+
+#
+# PCMCIA/CardBus support
+#
+# CONFIG_PCMCIA is not set
+CONFIG_SYSVIPC=y
+# CONFIG_BSD_PROCESS_ACCT is not set
+CONFIG_SYSCTL=y
+CONFIG_KCORE_ELF=y
+# CONFIG_KCORE_AOUT is not set
+# CONFIG_BINFMT_AOUT is not set
+CONFIG_BINFMT_ELF=y
+CONFIG_BINFMT_MISC=m
+CONFIG_PM=y
+# CONFIG_ACPI is not set
+# CONFIG_APM is not set
+
+#
+# Memory Technology Devices (MTD)
+#
+# CONFIG_MTD is not set
+
+#
+# Parallel port support
+#
+CONFIG_PARPORT=y
+CONFIG_PARPORT_PC=y
+CONFIG_PARPORT_PC_FIFO=y
+# CONFIG_PARPORT_PC_SUPERIO is not set
+# CONFIG_PARPORT_AMIGA is not set
+# CONFIG_PARPORT_MFC3 is not set
+# CONFIG_PARPORT_ATARI is not set
+# CONFIG_PARPORT_SUNBPP is not set
+# CONFIG_PARPORT_OTHER is not set
+# CONFIG_PARPORT_1284 is not set
+
+#
+# Plug and Play configuration
+#
+# CONFIG_PNP is not set
+
+#
+# Block devices
+#
+CONFIG_BLK_DEV_FD=m
+# CONFIG_BLK_DEV_XD is not set
+# CONFIG_PARIDE is not set
+# CONFIG_BLK_CPQ_DA is not set
+# CONFIG_BLK_CPQ_CISS_DA is not set
+# CONFIG_BLK_DEV_DAC960 is not set
+# CONFIG_BLK_DEV_LOOP is not set
+# CONFIG_BLK_DEV_NBD is not set
+CONFIG_BLK_DEV_RAM=y
+CONFIG_BLK_DEV_RAM_SIZE=4096
+# CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD is not set
+
+#
+# Multi-device support (RAID and LVM)
+#
+# CONFIG_MD is not set
+
+#
+# Networking options
+#
+# CONFIG_PACKET is not set
+# CONFIG_NETLINK is not set
+# CONFIG_NETFILTER is not set
+# CONFIG_FILTER is not set
+CONFIG_UNIX=y
+CONFIG_INET=y
+# CONFIG_IP_MULTICAST is not set
+# CONFIG_IP_ADVANCED_ROUTER is not set
+CONFIG_IP_PNP=y
+# CONFIG_IP_PNP_BOOTP is not set
+# CONFIG_IP_PNP_RARP is not set
+# CONFIG_NET_IPIP is not set
+# CONFIG_NET_IPGRE is not set
+# CONFIG_INET_ECN is not set
+# CONFIG_SYN_COOKIES is not set
+# CONFIG_IPV6 is not set
+# CONFIG_KHTTPD is not set
+# CONFIG_ATM is not set
+
+#
+#  
+#
+# CONFIG_IPX is not set
+# CONFIG_ATALK is not set
+# CONFIG_DECNET is not set
+# CONFIG_BRIDGE is not set
+# CONFIG_X25 is not set
+# CONFIG_LAPB is not set
+# CONFIG_LLC is not set
+# CONFIG_NET_DIVERT is not set
+# CONFIG_ECONET is not set
+# CONFIG_WAN_ROUTER is not set
+# CONFIG_NET_FASTROUTE is not set
+# CONFIG_NET_HW_FLOWCONTROL is not set
+
+#
+# QoS and/or fair queueing
+#
+# CONFIG_NET_SCHED is not set
+
+#
+# Telephony Support
+#
+# CONFIG_PHONE is not set
+
+#
+# ATA/IDE/MFM/RLL support
+#
+# CONFIG_IDE is not set
+# CONFIG_BLK_DEV_IDE_MODES is not set
+# CONFIG_BLK_DEV_HD is not set
+
+#
+# SCSI support
+#
+# CONFIG_SCSI is not set
+
+#
+# IEEE 1394 (FireWire) support
+#
+# CONFIG_IEEE1394 is not set
+
+#
+# I2O device support
+#
+# CONFIG_I2O is not set
+
+#
+# Network device support
+#
+CONFIG_NETDEVICES=y
+
+#
+# ARCnet devices
+#
+# CONFIG_ARCNET is not set
+# CONFIG_DUMMY is not set
+# CONFIG_BONDING is not set
+# CONFIG_EQUALIZER is not set
+# CONFIG_TUN is not set
+# CONFIG_NET_SB1000 is not set
+
+#
+# Ethernet (10 or 100Mbit)
+#
+CONFIG_NET_ETHERNET=y
+# CONFIG_NET_VENDOR_3COM is not set
+# CONFIG_LANCE is not set
+# CONFIG_NET_VENDOR_SMC is not set
+# CONFIG_NET_VENDOR_RACAL is not set
+# CONFIG_AT1700 is not set
+# CONFIG_DEPCA is not set
+# CONFIG_HP100 is not set
+CONFIG_NET_ISA=y
+# CONFIG_E2100 is not set
+# CONFIG_EEXPRESS is not set
+# CONFIG_EEXPRESS_PRO is not set
+# CONFIG_HPLAN_PLUS is not set
+# CONFIG_HPLAN is not set
+# CONFIG_ETH16I is not set
+CONFIG_NE2000=y
+# CONFIG_SK_G16 is not set
+# CONFIG_NET_PCI is not set
+# CONFIG_NET_POCKET is not set
+
+#
+# Ethernet (1000 Mbit)
+#
+# CONFIG_ACENIC is not set
+# CONFIG_HAMACHI is not set
+# CONFIG_YELLOWFIN is not set
+# CONFIG_SK98LIN is not set
+# CONFIG_FDDI is not set
+# CONFIG_HIPPI is not set
+# CONFIG_PLIP is not set
+# CONFIG_PPP is not set
+# CONFIG_SLIP is not set
+
+#
+# Wireless LAN (non-hamradio)
+#
+# CONFIG_NET_RADIO is not set
+
+#
+# Token Ring devices
+#
+# CONFIG_TR is not set
+# CONFIG_NET_FC is not set
+# CONFIG_RCPCI is not set
+# CONFIG_SHAPER is not set
+
+#
+# Wan interfaces
+#
+# CONFIG_WAN is not set
+
+#
+# Amateur Radio support
+#
+# CONFIG_HAMRADIO is not set
+
+#
+# IrDA (infrared) support
+#
+# CONFIG_IRDA is not set
+
+#
+# ISDN subsystem
+#
+# CONFIG_ISDN is not set
+
+#
+# Old CD-ROM drivers (not SCSI, not IDE)
+#
+# CONFIG_CD_NO_IDESCSI is not set
+
+#
+# Input core support
+#
+# CONFIG_INPUT is not set
+
+#
+# Character devices
+#
+CONFIG_VT=y
+CONFIG_VT_CONSOLE=y
+CONFIG_SERIAL=y
+# CONFIG_SERIAL_CONSOLE is not set
+# CONFIG_SERIAL_EXTENDED is not set
+# CONFIG_SERIAL_NONSTANDARD is not set
+CONFIG_UNIX98_PTYS=y
+CONFIG_UNIX98_PTY_COUNT=256
+CONFIG_PRINTER=m
+# CONFIG_LP_CONSOLE is not set
+# CONFIG_PPDEV is not set
+
+#
+# I2C support
+#
+# CONFIG_I2C is not set
+
+#
+# Mice
+#
+# CONFIG_BUSMOUSE is not set
+CONFIG_MOUSE=y
+CONFIG_PSMOUSE=y
+# CONFIG_82C710_MOUSE is not set
+# CONFIG_PC110_PAD is not set
+
+#
+# Joysticks
+#
+
+#
+# Game port support
+#
+
+#
+# Gameport joysticks
+#
+
+#
+# Serial port support
+#
+
+#
+# Serial port joysticks
+#
+
+#
+# Parallel port joysticks
+#
+# CONFIG_QIC02_TAPE is not set
+
+#
+# Watchdog Cards
+#
+# CONFIG_WATCHDOG is not set
+# CONFIG_INTEL_RNG is not set
+# CONFIG_NVRAM is not set
+# CONFIG_RTC is not set
+# CONFIG_DTLK is not set
+# CONFIG_R3964 is not set
+# CONFIG_APPLICOM is not set
+
+#
+# Ftape, the floppy tape device driver
+#
+# CONFIG_FTAPE is not set
+CONFIG_AGP=m
+CONFIG_AGP_INTEL=y
+CONFIG_AGP_I810=y
+CONFIG_AGP_VIA=y
+# CONFIG_AGP_AMD is not set
+# CONFIG_AGP_SIS is not set
+# CONFIG_AGP_ALI is not set
+# CONFIG_DRM is not set
+
+#
+# Multimedia devices
+#
+# CONFIG_VIDEO_DEV is not set
+
+#
+# File systems
+#
+# CONFIG_QUOTA is not set
+# CONFIG_AUTOFS_FS is not set
+# CONFIG_AUTOFS4_FS is not set
+# CONFIG_ADFS_FS is not set
+# CONFIG_AFFS_FS is not set
+# CONFIG_HFS_FS is not set
+# CONFIG_BFS_FS is not set
+CONFIG_FAT_FS=m
+CONFIG_MSDOS_FS=m
+# CONFIG_UMSDOS_FS is not set
+CONFIG_VFAT_FS=m
+# CONFIG_EFS_FS is not set
+CONFIG_JFFS_FS_VERBOSE=0
+# CONFIG_CRAMFS is not set
+# CONFIG_RAMFS is not set
+# CONFIG_ISO9660_FS is not set
+# CONFIG_MINIX_FS is not set
+# CONFIG_NTFS_FS is not set
+# CONFIG_HPFS_FS is not set
+CONFIG_PROC_FS=y
+CONFIG_DEVFS_FS=y
+CONFIG_DEVFS_MOUNT=y
+# CONFIG_DEVFS_DEBUG is not set
+# CONFIG_DEVPTS_FS is not set
+# CONFIG_QNX4FS_FS is not set
+# CONFIG_ROMFS_FS is not set
+CONFIG_EXT2_FS=y
+# CONFIG_SYSV_FS is not set
+# CONFIG_UDF_FS is not set
+# CONFIG_UFS_FS is not set
+
+#
+# Network File Systems
+#
+# CONFIG_CODA_FS is not set
+CONFIG_NFS_FS=y
+CONFIG_NFS_V3=y
+CONFIG_ROOT_NFS=y
+# CONFIG_NFSD is not set
+CONFIG_SUNRPC=y
+CONFIG_LOCKD=y
+CONFIG_LOCKD_V4=y
+# CONFIG_SMB_FS is not set
+# CONFIG_NCP_FS is not set
+
+#
+# Partition Types
+#
+# CONFIG_PARTITION_ADVANCED is not set
+CONFIG_MSDOS_PARTITION=y
+# CONFIG_SMB_NLS is not set
+CONFIG_NLS=y
+
+#
+# Native Language Support
+#
+CONFIG_NLS_DEFAULT="iso8859-1"
+# CONFIG_NLS_CODEPAGE_437 is not set
+# CONFIG_NLS_CODEPAGE_737 is not set
+# CONFIG_NLS_CODEPAGE_775 is not set
+# CONFIG_NLS_CODEPAGE_850 is not set
+# CONFIG_NLS_CODEPAGE_852 is not set
+# CONFIG_NLS_CODEPAGE_855 is not set
+# CONFIG_NLS_CODEPAGE_857 is not set
+# CONFIG_NLS_CODEPAGE_860 is not set
+# CONFIG_NLS_CODEPAGE_861 is not set
+# CONFIG_NLS_CODEPAGE_862 is not set
+# CONFIG_NLS_CODEPAGE_863 is not set
+# CONFIG_NLS_CODEPAGE_864 is not set
+# CONFIG_NLS_CODEPAGE_865 is not set
+# CONFIG_NLS_CODEPAGE_866 is not set
+# CONFIG_NLS_CODEPAGE_869 is not set
+# CONFIG_NLS_CODEPAGE_874 is not set
+# CONFIG_NLS_CODEPAGE_932 is not set
+# CONFIG_NLS_CODEPAGE_936 is not set
+# CONFIG_NLS_CODEPAGE_949 is not set
+# CONFIG_NLS_CODEPAGE_950 is not set
+CONFIG_NLS_ISO8859_1=m
+# CONFIG_NLS_ISO8859_2 is not set
+# CONFIG_NLS_ISO8859_3 is not set
+# CONFIG_NLS_ISO8859_4 is not set
+# CONFIG_NLS_ISO8859_5 is not set
+# CONFIG_NLS_ISO8859_6 is not set
+# CONFIG_NLS_ISO8859_7 is not set
+# CONFIG_NLS_ISO8859_8 is not set
+# CONFIG_NLS_ISO8859_9 is not set
+# CONFIG_NLS_ISO8859_14 is not set
+# CONFIG_NLS_ISO8859_15 is not set
+# CONFIG_NLS_KOI8_R is not set
+# CONFIG_NLS_UTF8 is not set
+
+#
+# Console drivers
+#
+CONFIG_VGA_CONSOLE=y
+# CONFIG_VIDEO_SELECT is not set
+# CONFIG_MDA_CONSOLE is not set
+
+#
+# Frame-buffer support
+#
+# CONFIG_FB is not set
+
+#
+# Sound
+#
+CONFIG_SOUND=m
+# CONFIG_SOUND_CMPCI is not set
+# CONFIG_SOUND_EMU10K1 is not set
+# CONFIG_SOUND_FUSION is not set
+# CONFIG_SOUND_CS4281 is not set
+# CONFIG_SOUND_ES1370 is not set
+CONFIG_SOUND_ES1371=m
+# CONFIG_SOUND_ESSSOLO1 is not set
+# CONFIG_SOUND_MAESTRO is not set
+# CONFIG_SOUND_SONICVIBES is not set
+# CONFIG_SOUND_TRIDENT is not set
+# CONFIG_SOUND_MSNDCLAS is not set
+# CONFIG_SOUND_MSNDPIN is not set
+CONFIG_SOUND_VIA82CXXX=m
+CONFIG_SOUND_OSS=m
+# CONFIG_SOUND_TRACEINIT is not set
+# CONFIG_SOUND_DMAP is not set
+# CONFIG_SOUND_AD1816 is not set
+# CONFIG_SOUND_SGALAXY is not set
+# CONFIG_SOUND_ADLIB is not set
+# CONFIG_SOUND_ACI_MIXER is not set
+# CONFIG_SOUND_CS4232 is not set
+# CONFIG_SOUND_SSCAPE is not set
+# CONFIG_SOUND_GUS is not set
+# CONFIG_SOUND_ICH is not set
+# CONFIG_SOUND_VMIDI is not set
+# CONFIG_SOUND_TRIX is not set
+# CONFIG_SOUND_MSS is not set
+# CONFIG_SOUND_MPU401 is not set
+# CONFIG_SOUND_NM256 is not set
+# CONFIG_SOUND_MAD16 is not set
+# CONFIG_SOUND_PAS is not set
+# CONFIG_SOUND_PSS is not set
+CONFIG_SOUND_SB=m
+# CONFIG_SOUND_AWE32_SYNTH is not set
+# CONFIG_SOUND_WAVEFRONT is not set
+# CONFIG_SOUND_MAUI is not set
+CONFIG_SOUND_YM3812=m
+# CONFIG_SOUND_OPL3SA1 is not set
+# CONFIG_SOUND_OPL3SA2 is not set
+# CONFIG_SOUND_YMPCI is not set
+# CONFIG_SOUND_YMFPCI is not set
+# CONFIG_SOUND_UART6850 is not set
+# CONFIG_SOUND_AEDSP16 is not set
+
+#
+# USB support
+#
+# CONFIG_USB is not set
+
+#
+# Kernel hacking
+#
+# CONFIG_MAGIC_SYSRQ is not set
diff --git a/contrib/Diskless-From-NT/Diskless-From-NT.txt b/contrib/Diskless-From-NT/Diskless-From-NT.txt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..54c2b746
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/Diskless-From-NT/Diskless-From-NT.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,565 @@
+
+
+The Diskless Terminal running from NT server Mini-HOWTO
+Pavel Tkatchouk, ptkatcho@portal.ca
+v0.1, June 19th 1999
+
+Table of Contents
+
+1. Introduction.
+
+   1.1 What is it for?
+   1.2 Do we need this HOWTO?
+   1.3 A bit of History.
+
+2. Project description.
+
+   2.1 Packaging.
+   2.2 Image.
+      2.2.1 Kernel.
+      2.2.2 MRFS.
+      2.2.3 Building MRFS.
+   2.3 Remotefs.
+   2.4 Booting sequence.
+      2.4.1 BOOTP, TFTP.
+   2.5 Bootprom.
+
+3. Resources.
+
+4. Copyright.
+
+5. Feedback and credits.
+
+
+1. Introduction.
+
+
+1.1. What is it for?
+
+This document describes how to build software distribution to run Java client on diskless 
+terminal booted from Microsoft Windows 95/98/NT workstation. Package can also be easily 
+modified to be used as Linux terminal or X Windows terminal's software. I found it also 
+convenient for setup over the Ethernet of floppyless PS's, hard disk of which for some 
+reason can not be accessed (sealed case under warranty, etc.).
+
+
+1.2. Do we need this HOWTO?
+
+To be honest, I'm not sure. There are few excellent HOWTO's (see 3. Recources) that up until 
+recently I considered quite sufficient to build what I've done two years ago. But since my 
+project uses MS Windows as a file server vs. traditional NFS there were some know-how's 
+involved which number of people wanted to see in some formal document.
+
+
+1.3. A bit of history.
+
+My project at that time (1996) was to find OS/JVM that will allow to run Java application 
+on hardware we manufacture. Hardware is practically generic x86 PC except it has no keyboard, 
+hard drive, floppy drive, mouse, but touchscreen over LCD, plus some POS specific peripherals 
+(badge reader, credit card reader, etc.). Due to cost consideration it had no any significant 
+storage, so OS and Java client along with support binaries, libraries etc. had to be loaded 
+remotely. Because our clients are exclusively Windows shops, Server had to be Windows as well. 
+During evaluation of different commercial OS'es along with JVM's available it become apparent 
+to my surprise that most promising solution was GPL one - Linux.
+
+
+2. Project description.
+
+2.1. Packaging.
+
+The whole distribution consists of remote file system (RemoteFS) residing on MS Windows
+server (NT Workstation, NT Server or Windows9x) and tagged bootable image. 
+
+
+2.2. Image.
+
+Image (~1.5MB) is generated by mknbi utility that comes with Etherboot package
+<http://etherboot.sourceforge.net>. It can include minimal root file system (MRFS) 
+like in my case (since I had to boot client from MS Windows server and Linux kernel doesn't 
+support SMBFS-Root, only NFS-Root. So I had to keep rootfs in the ramdisk). To generate 
+image the following script can be used.
+
+#!/bin/sh
+# mkrootnet: makes tagged netbootable image
+# This image includes kernel and minimal root filesystem
+# to do initial boot.
+#
+# Copyright (c) Pavel Tkatchouk 1996. All rights reserved.
+# Permission is granted for this material to be freely
+# used and distributed, provided the source is acknowledged.
+# No warranty of any kind is provided. You use this material
+# at your own risk.
+#
+DEVICEFILENAME="/tmp/file"		# temporary file to be used as device
+FSBLOCKS=4096   				# uncompressed filesystem size in K
+BOOTDISKDIR="/usr/BOOT/ROOTFS"	# root filesystem model
+MOUNT="/mnt2"				# temporary mount point
+ROOTFS="/tmp/rootfs"			# root filesystem image
+ROOTFSGZ="/tmp/rootfs.gz"		# compressed root filesystem image
+KERNEL="/usr/KERNELS/vmlinuz-nt"	# kernel image
+KERNELTMP="/tmp/vmlinuz"		# temporary copy of kernel image
+BOOTIMAGE="/tmp/img"			# tagged image to be booted by client
+# if you want ramisk more than default 4096 set CMDLINE, don't forget to
+# adjust $FSBLOCKS 
+# CMDLINE="ramdisk_size=8192"		# parameters to pass to the kernel
+# 
+echo "check:"
+echo "- if tftp server's download dir mounted to /mnt"
+echo "- loopback device is built-in or loaded"
+echo "\n press Enter when done"
+read tmp 
+UPLOAD="/mnt/tmp"				# tftp server's dir to upload bootimage
+echo -e "\nZeroing $DEVICEFILENAME of $FSBLOCKS k"
+echo "to be used as device for root filesystem model"
+dd if=/dev/zero of=$DEVICEFILENAME bs=1k count=$FSBLOCKS
+echo -e "\nMaking file system on $DEVICEFILENAME"
+mke2fs -m 0 $DEVICEFILENAME
+echo "Mounting $DEVICEFILENAME as a loopback device"
+mount -o loop -t ext2 $DEVICEFILENAME $MOUNT
+curdir=`pwd`
+cd $BOOTDISKDIR
+echo -e "Copying files from $BOOTDISKDIR to $DEVICEFILENAME, please wait"
+find . -print|cpio -pmd $MOUNT
+echo "Unmounting $MOUNT"
+umount $MOUNT
+cd $curdir
+echo "Copying $DEVICEFILENAME to $ROOTFS"
+dd if=$DEVICEFILENAME of=$ROOTFS bs=1k
+echo "Compressing $ROOTFS, it may take a while"
+echo "Please wait..."
+if [ -f $ROOTFSGZ ];then
+	rm -f $ROOTFSGZ
+fi
+gzip -c $ROOTFS>$ROOTFSGZ
+rm -f $ROOTFS
+echo -e "\nCreating netbootable image"
+cp $KERNEL $KERNELTMP
+mknbi -d ram -i rom -r $ROOTFSGZ -k $KERNELTMP -a $CMDLINE -o $BOOTIMAGE
+echo "Uploading $BOOTIMAGE to $UPLOAD"
+cp $BOOTIMAGE $UPLOAD
+echo "Cleaning after ourselves"
+rm -f $KERNELTMP $DEVICEFILENAME $BOOTIMAGE
+echo "All done"
+
+
+In the above script actual image is generated by the following comand
+
+#mknbi -d ram -i rom -r rootfs.gz -k vmlinuz-nt -o img
+
+where:
+	rootfs.gz - minimal root file system (MRFS);
+	vmlinuz-nt   - kernel;
+	img       - resulting image.
+
+
+Note:
+Default ramdisk size is 4096. It was enough for RedHat4.1 based minimal file system, but 
+apparently not enough for 5.2 based. When this happens "end request:I/O error, dev 01:00 ..." 
+error shows up. To fix that either use "mknbi -a ramdisk_size=8192" to pass parameter to the 
+kernel (doesn't require kernel recompilation), or change /usr/src/linux/drivers/block/rd.c: 
+int rd_size= from 4096 to 8192 or whatever and rebuild the kernel.                                                    
+
+
+2.2.1. Kernel.
+
+Kernels 2.0.30 and 2.0.36 have been used by author, although nothing is preventing you from
+experimenting with others. Kernel should include ramdisk support. The following 
+<link to .config> configuration has been used to build <link to binary (kernel 2.0.30)>. 
+You may find some components unnecessary, just exclude them and rebuild. 
+
+Don't forget to change root device after you built the kernel (rdev vmlinuz /dev/rd).
+
+Gotcha's: apparently smbfs is broken in 2.2.x kernels. Symptoms: remote share is mounted
+just fine but after a while fails with "smb_request: result = -32" errmsg. I've heard
+SuSe has fix for that.
+
+2.2.2. MRFS.
+
+Minimal root file system is required to get Linux up and running along with networking until 
+it can mount remote file system to run X/Java from there. After image gets loaded from the 
+server MRFS is decompressed into ramdisk. If you can afford a lot of ram on your terminal the 
+entire remote file system can be moved to rootfs.gz. That will make your terminal more 
+responsive.
+
+
+2.2.3. Building MRFS.  
+
+Some folks found it easier to start from scratch, others use known "minimal" Linux distributions
+(Linux Router, tomsrtbt, etc.), yet others prefer to start from "big" Linuces like I did. Every
+path has it's pro and contras.
+
+Pruning standard distribution (RedHat, Debian, etc.) to your needs might be very time consuming.
+To ease that painful process I have used remotely booted diskless client with NFS-Root (see 
+Etherboot's Readme, NFS-Root and NFS-Root-Client mini-HOWTO's, Diskless-HOWTO):
+
+- setup minimal RedHat4.1 install (networked workstation, X, no development, mail, etc., ~117MB);
+- find . -print|cpio -pmd /usr/NFS/ROOTFS - copy entire fs tree to NFS exported dir;
+- mknod /usr/NFS/ROOTFS/dev/nfsroot b 0 255;
+- build vmlinuz-nfs kernel according to NFS-Howto (built-in bootp,rarp,NFS,NFS root,NIC 
+  driver,RAM disk);
+- rdev vmlinuz-nfs /dev/nfsroot - to set NFS root device; 
+- build image for NFS-Root fs:
+  #mknbi -d rom -i rom -k vmlinuz-nfs -o nfsImage;
+- boot client while monitoring NFS file requests (by Solaris snoop);
+- copy files from /usr/NFS/ROOTFS to /usr/BOOT/ROOTFS (MRFS model) according to snoop's
+  filelist;
+- generate image by mkrootnet script (don't forget to point to the right kernel vmlinuz-nt).
+
+The above trick not only allows to determine the sought files set but also debug boot process 
+analyzing NFS messages. I found it convenient to put "read tmp" statements into init scripts
+for debugging. Tracking files up until issuing login gives you <link to rootfs.gz> MRFS (~1MB) 
+that can be used to boot Linux from ROM (flash, eprom, DiskOnChip, SanDisk, etc.) as well. All 
+the other files requested by client (during starting X, Java, Java client) were put into (link 
+to remotefs.zip, ~9MB).
+
+
+To restore MRFS model on your PC from the above rootfs.gz:
+- #cd /tmp
+- #gunzip rootfs.gz
+- #mount -o loop -t ext2 /tmp/rootfs /mnt
+- #cd /mnt
+- #find . -print|cpio -pmd /usr/BOOT/ROOTFS
+- #umount /mnt
+
+Note: 
+
+You will have to change attributes of some dirs, files (/etc/mtab, /etc/mtab~, /var/lock/subsys/*, 
+/var/run/*, /dev/tty*, etc.) against standard. This is because with standard attribs diskless 
+client refused to work. For example I had to change /dev/tty* ownerships to 99:99 from original 
+0:0 or 0:5, to get rid of errmsg "INIT: Id "1" respawning too fast: disabled for 5 minutes". 
+Being admin illiterate I just chmod them to 777 and chown to 99:99 to make life easier. 
+THIS IS SERIOUS SECURITY VIOLATION!!! Using keyboardless terminal with no daemons running in 
+my case reduces the risk, yet I would appreciate very much those more experienced who will help 
+to restore the right attribs while keeping the distribution working.
+
+Some "gotcha's" to watch for during MRFS building:
+- standard attributes/ownership of some files don't work;
+- rdev must be set (non-tagged image didn't work, so couldn't use config file to pass parrs 
+  to the kernel);
+- diskless client writes 99:99 ownership on generated files;
+- "password incorrect" for root, but any other OK and su OK too.
+
+
+2.3. RemoteFS.
+
+Remotefs.zip file includes everything required by the system that can be located on
+remote file system, i.e after booting has been complete and remote file system mounted.
+In my case it is X Windows System and Java binaries, libraries etc. To use that file on
+MS Windows NT:
+- unzip remotefs.zip to some directory;
+- share this directory read-only as "usr" (or share as some other name and pass this name to
+  the client through bootptab configuration file for BOOTP server;
+- create an account username=root, password=linux on NT (can be set in bootptab).
+
+Note:
+There's no symbolic links on NTFS, so UNIX links must be replaced by copies on NTFS. 
+To determine potential troublmakers one could use the following:
+- first copy required subset (according to snoop's intercept) from /usr/NFS/ROOTFS to 
+  /usr/BOOT/REMOTEFS;
+- mount some share from NTFS to /mnt;
+- /usr/BOOT/REMOTEFS#find . -print|cpio -pmd /mnt 2>links;
+In the links file you will find names to work with.
+
+
+2.4. Booting sequence.
+
+Boot occurs in the following sequence:
+- bootprom sends bootp request,
+- bootp server responds with subnet mask, client's name, client's IP, TFTP server's IP, 
+  bootfile name and some optional parameters (like NT's username/password to use it's share,
+  you could pass some other share name here as say T104="somedir");
+- bootprom downloads image from TFTP server;
+- kernel starts;
+- kernel decompresses MRFS in RAM;
+- system starts init using ramdisk root,
+- mounts remote file system from NT via SMBFS;
+- automatically logins;
+- starts xstart script located on remotefs (/usr/sbin) where you can start any of your
+  programs, change parameters, etc. without rebuilding the image.
+
+Below are some config/init sample files from <rootfs.gz>, <remotefs.zip>:
+
+<bootptab, change to link>
+t1:sm=255.255.255.0:sa=192.168.33.150:bf=img:T100="pavelnt4":T101="root":T102="linux"
+touch1:hn=touch1:tc=t1:ha=00A0F00035CD:ip=192.168.33.127
+
+</etc/fstab, change to link>:
+/dev/ram  /      ext2    defaults    1 1
+/proc     /proc  proc    defaults    0 0
+
+</etc/rc.d/rc.bootp, change to link later>:
+#!/bin/sh
+# Written to simply set the IP stuff up from the
+# bootpc data.
+# Last updated : Mon Mar 10 15:17:01 1997
+#
+# Variables
+
+BOOTPC=/sbin/bootpc
+IFCONFIG=/sbin/ifconfig
+ROUTE=/sbin/route
+BINHOST=/bin/hostname
+DEV=eth0
+ASKSERVER="255.255.255.255"
+TW="--timeoutwait 320"
+RIF="--returniffail"
+RIFMESSAGE="Bootp failed -- disabling network."
+RCONF=/etc/resolv.conf
+EHOSTS=/etc/hosts
+LHOSTS=/etc/hosts.local
+TMPFILE=/tmp/bootp
+# Functions
+# Remove the networking by taking down the interface
+netdown() {
+  ${ROUTE} del default
+  ${IFCONFIG} ${DEV} down
+}
+## End of the functions
+
+## Start of the actual work
+# Bring up minimal networking use 0.0.0.0 as our address as we don't
+# know it yet (Means "Me but I don't know my address or network")
+${IFCONFIG} ${DEV} up 0.0.0.0
+${ROUTE} add default dev ${DEV}
+
+# Perform the bootp  --  doesn't return unless it gets an answer
+if ${BOOTPC} --dev ${DEV} --server ${ASKSERVER} ${RIF} ${TW} > ${TMPFILE}
+then
+# Take down networking (use the 0.0.0.0 for as short a time as possible)
+  netdown
+# Read in the values   
+  . ${TMPFILE}
+
+# To use in mountsmb script later
+SMBSERVER=${T100}
+# And delete the temporary file
+#  rm ${TMPFILE}
+else
+# Take down networking (use the 0.0.0.0 for as short a time as possible)
+  netdown
+# give message and quit
+  echo ${RIFMESSAGE}
+  exit 1
+fi
+
+# Start the loopback interface and add a route to it
+# It's already set by standard init?
+${IFCONFIG} lo 127.0.0.1
+${ROUTE} add -net 127.0.0.0
+
+# Setup of IP stuff needs doing first
+#
+if [ -z "${NETMASK}" ] ; then
+# No netmask info, all this is guessed from the IP number
+# If this is wrong for your network FIX the bootpd to know
+# what it should send in the RFC1497 cookie!  11/02/94 JSP
+#
+  ${IFCONFIG} ${DEV} up ${IPADDR} broadcast ${BROADCAST} 
+  ${ROUTE} -n add -net ${NETWORK} dev ${DEV}
+else
+# We will have NETMASK, BROADCAST, and NETWORK defined 
+  ${IFCONFIG} ${DEV} up ${IPADDR} broadcast ${BROADCAST} netmask ${NETMASK} 
+  ${ROUTE} -n add -net ${NETWORK} dev ${DEV}
+fi
+
+# Set the hostname from what we got via bootp or reverse lookup
+
+echo "127.0.0.1	loopback localhost">${EHOSTS}
+${BINHOST} "${HOSTNAME}"
+echo "${IPADDR}	${HOSTNAME}" >>${EHOSTS}
+echo "${SERVER} ${SMBSERVER}" >>${EHOSTS}
+
+
+</etc/rc.d/rc.local, change to link>:
+#!/bin/sh
+# This script will be executed *after* all the other init scripts.
+# You can put your own initialization stuff in here if you don't
+# want to do the full Sys V style init stuff.
+#
+# 07/02/97 Pavel Tkatchouk
+#
+echo "Start networking"
+insmod /lib/8390.o
+insmod /lib/ne.o io=0x300 irq=9
+echo "Install serial"
+insmod /lib/serial.o
+echo "Install touch"
+insmod /lib/touch.o
+echo "Install smbfs"
+insmod /lib/smbfs.o
+echo "Getting TCP/IP parameters from bootp server"
+echo "and start networking"
+/etc/rc.d/rc.bootp
+if [ -f /etc/squirrel-release ]; then
+	R=$(cat /etc/squirrel-release)
+else
+	R="release 0.02"
+fi
+echo "Mounting remote fs"
+/sbin/mountsmb
+echo "XYZ Inc. Diskless Linux $R"
+echo "Starting X and Java client without login"
+su -c /sbin/xstart root
+
+
+</usr/sbin/xstart, change to link>:
+#!/bin/bash
+#
+# Script to start X and Java client
+# 08/07/97 Pavel Tkatchouk
+#
+# Read bootps response first
+. /tmp/bootp
+# -s 0 to disable screen-saver
+/usr/X11R6/bin/X -s 0 &
+export DISPLAY=:0.0
+# /usr is share mounted from Windows workstation
+cd /usr/program/
+java SomeJavaApp 
+
+
+</sbin/mountsmb, change to link>:
+#!/bin/bash
+# mountsmb: mounts remote filesystems from NT workstation 
+# using Microsoft's SMB protocol 
+# 
+# Copyright (c) Pavel Tkatchouk 1997. All rights reserved.
+# Permission is granted for this material to be freely
+# used and distributed, provided the source is acknowledged.
+# No warranty of any kind is provided. You use this material
+# at your own risk.
+#
+# Last edit June 29 8:30 1997
+#
+MOUNTDIR="usr"
+SHRDIR="usr"
+BOOTPRES="/tmp/bootp"
+# Read botpc response
+. ${BOOTPRES}
+# Sharename from NT server, uncomment if you want to use 
+# non-hardcoded "usr" but from bootptab
+#SHRDIR=${T104} 
+SMBSRV="//${T100}"
+CLIENT="${HOSTNAME}"
+USER="${T101}"
+PASSWORD="${T102}"
+echo -e "\nMounting $SMBSRV/$SHRDIR to /$MOUNTDIR"
+smbmount $SMBSRV/$SHRDIR $MOUNTDIR -c $CLIENT -U $USER -P $PASSWORD
+echo -e "\nDone"
+
+Gotcha's:
+Looks like smbmount client from smbfs package used to mount remote Windows shares to local 
+Linux dirs in pre 2.2.x era isn't maintained anymore so you should use one coming with 
+Samba package. Also binary smbmount won't work with 2.2.x, so you have to recompile with 
+2.2.x headers following Samba's readme. Yet even that won't guarantee reliable work until
+somebody fixes kernel's smbfs module.
+
+2.4.1. BOOTP, TFTP.
+
+There are number of BOOTP, TFTP servers for Windows on the market. You could find them
+here:
+
+- www.walusoft.co.uk (Walusoft's tftp);
+- ftp.coast.net/simtel/nt/internet/tftpds12.zip (Millwood AB's tftp);
+- ftp.cabletron.com/pub/snmp/bootftp/boottft2.zip (Cabletron's bootp/tftp combo);
+- www.tellurian.au.com (Tellurian's bootp, tftp, dhcp servers).
+- www.metainfo.com (Metainfo's DHCP server)
+- www.nts.com (Network Telesystems's DHCP server in IPserver package)
+
+My choice was Tellurian's products - very reliable, simple to install, attractively priced
+(fully capable evaluation versions are available).
+
+2.5. Bootprom.
+
+Ken Yap's Etherboot <etherboot.sourceforge.net> will tell you everything about bootprom. 
+Here I just want to mention that normally you would have to put bootprom's code into network
+adapter's PROM. But if your hardware like mine has BIOS programmed in flash you could 
+re-program it to add bootprom (some BIOS requires special programmer to do that, others don't)
+as BIOS extension.
+
+This is what I did to add ne.rom (bootprom generated by Etherboot's makerom for NE2000 clone) 
+to AMI BIOS on my flash:
+
+- read flash content by programmer into bios.bin binary file;
+- use one of available binary editors (say www.simtel.net/Win95/editors/hxp3005.zip to add
+  ne.rom to bios.bin (and to edit ne.rom if necessary);
+- write new bios.bin back to flash.
+
+Notes:
+- makerom generates bootprom for standard EPROM sizes (8k, 16k, 32k, etc.), so if you tight on 
+  space use -s flag to adjust size (or cut it manually to multiple of 512 bytes blocks, just
+  don't forget to adjust extension's length which is coded in Byte 2 and checksum to 8 bits 
+  of zero;
+- valid absolute addresses for BIOS extensions are from 0xC8000 to 0xF4000 (check with 
+  motherboard's manufacturer how flash is mapped onto system memory space);
+- Byte 0 must be 0x55, Byte 1 must be 0xAA, Byte 2 must be extension's length in 512 bytes 
+  blocks;
+- extension BIOS has to start at a 2k boundary;
+
+
+3. Resources.
+
+FAQ's:
+- tomsrtbt.FAQ (www.toms.net);
+
+HOWTO's:
+- Paul Moody's miniHOWTO (www.linuxembedded.com/pmhowto.html)
+- Diskless;
+- Diskless-HOWTO;
+- NFS-Root;
+- NFS-Root-Client;
+- Bootdisk-HOWTO;
+- BootPrompt-HOWTO;
+- NCD-X-Terminal;
+- Remote-Boot;
+- Remote-X-Apps;
+
+Web:
+- etherboot.sourceforge.net/
+- www.waste.org/~zanshin
+- www.tellurian.com.au.
+- www.toms.net
+- www.trinux.org
+- www.linux.org.uk/ELKS-Home
+- www.embedded.com
+- www.linuxembedded.com
+- www.thinlinux.org
+- www.linuxrouter.org
+- linux-mandrake.com
+- www.disklessworkstations.com
+
+Newsgroups:
+- comp.arch.embedded
+
+Lists:
+- netboot-owner@baghira.han.de
+- linux-embedded@waste.org
+
+Magazines:
+- Circuit Cellar #100 - 105
+
+
+4. Copyright.
+
+Copyright (c) Pavel Tkatchouk 1999.
+Permission is granted for this material to be freely used and distributed, provided the source 
+is acknowledged. Copyright policy is GPL as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+
+No warranty of any kind is provided. You use this material at your own risk.
+
+ 
+
+5. Feedback and credits.
+
+Since I am neither have a lot of Linux experience nor native English speaker, there would be 
+errors in this document. I would accept any help with gratitude whether in form of proof-reading, 
+techical corrections or otherwise. Please send your comments, suggestions and questions to Pavel 
+Tkatchouk (ptkatcho@portal.ca)
+
+I wish to thank Pierre Mondie who convinced me to start this document. I'm also very much in 
+debt to all those who's work made this project possible:
+
+Ken Yap 		<ken_yap@users.sourceforge.net>	(Etherboot)
+David Newall 	<www.tellurian.com.au>	(Bootpdnt/Ftpdnt)
+(to be continued)
+
diff --git a/contrib/Diskless-From-NT/furtmayr.html b/contrib/Diskless-From-NT/furtmayr.html
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..224632d5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/Diskless-From-NT/furtmayr.html
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+<html>
+
+<head>
+<title>Free TFTP / Syslog / NFS Servers for Windows</title>
+</head>
+
+<body>
+
+<h3 align="center">Free TFTP / Syslog / NFS Servers for Windows</h3>
+<div align="center"><center>
+
+<address>
+  Stefan Furtmayr (<a href="mailto:sf@paf.net">sf@paf.net</a>) 
+</address>
+</center></div>
+
+<p>Feel free to send me your comments about these programs or some additions.</p>
+
+<p>Also have a look at the <a
+href="http://www.ltsp.org/contrib/diskless-windows-howto.htm">&quot;Diskless Windows
+Cookbook &quot;</a> in the <a href="http://www.ltsp.org/contrib/">LTSP Contrib Area</a>.</p>
+
+<p><small>From this list I have only used the W2K-TFTP once for a customer with the <a
+href="http://support.3com.com/infodeli/tools/nic/mba.htm">3Com MBA Utility Disk</a>, while
+it can be used as well with <a href="http://etherboot.sourceforge.net">Etherboot</a>
+tagged images for other NIC brands.</small><br>
+<small>The solution used a netbooted DOS with MS Client 3.0 to easily restore disk images
+with <a href="http://www.ghost.com/">Symantec Ghost</a> (see <a
+href="http://appdeploy.com/tools/imaging.shtml">appdeploy.com</a> for similar tools).</small><br>
+<small>Sure there are several possibilities to do this with Linux but for cloning NT4/W2K
+the NTFS support is rather experimental and automatically changing the SID is another
+issue.</small></p>
+
+<h4>TFTP Servers:</h4>
+
+<p>In Autumn 2000 i tested some different TFTP servers and found out that most of them do
+not install/run as a service, especially under W2K. 
+
+<ul>
+  <li>TFTP server included with Windows 2000 (remote installation services need to be
+    installed)<br>
+    The path for the images has to be specified via registry:<br>
+    Q232115 - Changing the Drive or Volume on Which Remote Installation Images Reside:<br>
+    <a href="http://support.microsoft.com/support/kb/articles/Q232/1/15.ASP">http://support.microsoft.com/support/kb/articles/Q232/1/15.ASP</a></li>
+  <li>3CDaemon version 2.0 revision 10. Freeware. Integrated TFTP/FTP/Syslog Daemon for
+    Windows 95/98/NT<br>
+    <a href="ftp://ftp.3com.com/pub/utilbin/win32/3cdv2r10.zip">ftp://ftp.3com.com/pub/utilbin/win32/3cdv2r10.zip</a><br>
+    - Windows 2000 Server: does not run as service!<br>
+    - Windows NT Server 4.0: not tested</li>
+  <li>The TFTP Server portion of 3CServer, altered to run as a system Service under Windows NT<br>
+    <a href="ftp://ftp.3com.com/pub/utilbin/win32/3CTftpSvc.zip">ftp://ftp.3com.com/pub/utilbin/win32/3CTftpSvc.zip</a><br>
+    - Windows 2000 Server: only working in debug mode, does not run as service!<br>
+    - Windows NT Server 4.0: not tested</li>
+  <li>Cisco TFTP Server v.1.1<br>
+    <a href="http://www.cisco.com/pcgi-bin/tablebuild.pl/tftp">http://www.cisco.com/pcgi-bin/tablebuild.pl/tftp</a><br>
+    Does not provide an option itself to install as service.</li>
+  <li><a href="http://solarwinds.net/Tools/Free_Tools/TFTP_Server/">http://solarwinds.net/Tools/Free_Tools/TFTP_Server/</a><br>
+    Does not provide an option itself to install as service.</li>
+</ul>
+
+<p><em>Untested:</em></p>
+
+<p>found on <a href="http://www.nonags.com/nonags/servd32.html">http://www.nonags.com/nonags/servd32.html</a><br>
+- <a href="http://www.klever.net/kin/pumpkin.html">http://www.klever.net/kin/pumpkin.html</a><br>
+- <a href="http://membres.tripod.fr/phjounin//P_tftpd32.htm">http://membres.tripod.fr/phjounin//P_tftpd32.htm</a></p>
+
+<h4>Syslog Servers:</h4>
+
+<ul>
+  <li>3Com Software Library - Utilities for 32 bit Windows<br>
+    <a href="http://support.3com.com/software/utilities_for_windows_32_bit.htm">http://support.3com.com/software/utilities_for_windows_32_bit.htm</a></li>
+  <li><a href="http://www.netal.com/download.htm#SL4NT03">http://www.netal.com/download.htm#SL4NT03</a>
+    (works as service) </li>
+</ul>
+
+<h4>NFS Servers:</h4>
+
+<ul>
+  <li>War NFS Daemon: <a href="http://www.jgaa.com">http://www.jgaa.com</a> (untested)</li>
+</ul>
+</body>
+</html>