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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rostedt/linux-trace into perf/urgent
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After compiling the kernel, I got:
% git status
# On branch master
# Untracked files:
# (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)
#
# arch/x86/tools/insn_sanity
nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use "git add" to track)
it should be added to .gitignore.
Signed-off-by: WANG Cong <xiyou.wangcong@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Masami Hiramatsu <masami.hiramatsu.pt@hitachi.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1326628937-27609-1-git-send-email-xiyou.wangcong@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
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The arch/x86/lib/x86-opcode-map.txt file [used by the
kprobes instruction decoder] contains the line:
af: SCAS/W/D/Q rAX,Xv
This is what the Intel manuals show, but it's not correct.
The 'X' stands for:
Memory addressed by the DS:rSI register pair (for example, MOVS, CMPS, OUTS, or LODS).
On the other hand 'Y' means (also see the ae byte entry for
SCASB):
Memory addressed by the ES:rDI register pair (for example, MOVS, CMPS, INS, STOS, or SCAS).
Signed-off-by: Ulrich Drepper <drepper@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Masami Hiramatsu <masami.hiramatsu.pt@hitachi.com>
Cc: yrl.pp-manager.tt@hitachi.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/CAOPLpQfytPyDEBF1Hbkpo7ovUerEsstVGxBr%3DEpDL-BKEMaqLA@mail.gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
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Randy Dunlap reports that we get
arch/x86/um/shared/sysdep/ptrace.h:7:20: error: redefinition of 'regs_return_value'
arch/x86/um/shared/sysdep/ptrace.h:7:20: note: previous definition of 'regs_return_value' was here
when compiling UML for x86-64.
Stephen Rothwell root-caused it and says:
"Caused by commit d7e7528bcd45 ("Audit: push audit success and retcode
into arch ptrace.h") (another patch that was never in linux-next :-().
This file now needs protection against double inclusion."
so let's do as the man says.
Reported-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@xenotime.net>
Analyzed-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/lenb/linux
This includes initial support for the recently published ACPI 5.0 spec.
In particular, support for the "hardware-reduced" bit that eliminates
the dependency on legacy hardware.
APEI has patches resulting from testing on real hardware.
Plus other random fixes.
* 'release' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/lenb/linux: (52 commits)
acpi/apei/einj: Add extensions to EINJ from rev 5.0 of acpi spec
intel_idle: Split up and provide per CPU initialization func
ACPI processor: Remove unneeded variable passed by acpi_processor_hotadd_init V2
ACPI processor: Remove unneeded cpuidle_unregister_driver call
intel idle: Make idle driver more robust
intel_idle: Fix a cast to pointer from integer of different size warning in intel_idle
ACPI: kernel-parameters.txt : Add intel_idle.max_cstate
intel_idle: remove redundant local_irq_disable() call
ACPI processor: Fix error path, also remove sysdev link
ACPI: processor: fix acpi_get_cpuid for UP processor
intel_idle: fix API misuse
ACPI APEI: Convert atomicio routines
ACPI: Export interfaces for ioremapping/iounmapping ACPI registers
ACPI: Fix possible alignment issues with GAS 'address' references
ACPI, ia64: Use SRAT table rev to use 8bit or 16/32bit PXM fields (ia64)
ACPI, x86: Use SRAT table rev to use 8bit or 32bit PXM fields (x86/x86-64)
ACPI: Store SRAT table revision
ACPI, APEI, Resolve false conflict between ACPI NVS and APEI
ACPI, Record ACPI NVS regions
ACPI, APEI, EINJ, Refine the fix of resource conflict
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release
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In SRAT v1, we had 8bit proximity domain (PXM) fields; SRAT v2 provides
32bits for these. The new fields were reserved before.
According to the ACPI spec, the OS must disregrard reserved fields.
x86/x86-64 was rather inconsistent prior to this patch; it used 8 bits
for the pxm field in cpu_affinity, but 32 bits in mem_affinity.
This patch makes it consistent: Either use 8 bits consistently (SRAT
rev 1 or lower) or 32 bits (SRAT rev 2 or higher).
cc: x86@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Kurt Garloff <kurt@garloff.de>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
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Some firmware will access memory in ACPI NVS region via APEI. That
is, instructions in APEI ERST/EINJ table will read/write ACPI NVS
region. The original resource conflict checking in APEI code will
check memory/ioport accessed by APEI via general resource management
mechanism. But ACPI NVS region is marked as busy already, so that the
false resource conflict will prevent APEI ERST/EINJ to work.
To fix this, this patch record ACPI NVS regions, so that we can avoid
request resources for memory region inside it.
Signed-off-by: Huang Ying <ying.huang@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
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JONGMAN HEO reports:
With current linus git (commit a25a2b84), I got following build error,
arch/x86/kernel/vm86_32.c: In function 'do_sys_vm86':
arch/x86/kernel/vm86_32.c:340: error: implicit declaration of function '__audit_syscall_exit'
make[3]: *** [arch/x86/kernel/vm86_32.o] Error 1
OK, I can reproduce it (32bit allmodconfig with AUDIT=y, AUDITSYSCALL=n)
It's due to commit d7e7528bcd45: "Audit: push audit success and retcode
into arch ptrace.h".
Reported-by: JONGMAN HEO <jongman.heo@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/audit
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/audit: (29 commits)
audit: no leading space in audit_log_d_path prefix
audit: treat s_id as an untrusted string
audit: fix signedness bug in audit_log_execve_info()
audit: comparison on interprocess fields
audit: implement all object interfield comparisons
audit: allow interfield comparison between gid and ogid
audit: complex interfield comparison helper
audit: allow interfield comparison in audit rules
Kernel: Audit Support For The ARM Platform
audit: do not call audit_getname on error
audit: only allow tasks to set their loginuid if it is -1
audit: remove task argument to audit_set_loginuid
audit: allow audit matching on inode gid
audit: allow matching on obj_uid
audit: remove audit_finish_fork as it can't be called
audit: reject entry,always rules
audit: inline audit_free to simplify the look of generic code
audit: drop audit_set_macxattr as it doesn't do anything
audit: inline checks for not needing to collect aux records
audit: drop some potentially inadvisable likely notations
...
Use evil merge to fix up grammar mistakes in Kconfig file.
Bad speling and horrible grammar (and copious swearing) is to be
expected, but let's keep it to commit messages and comments, rather than
expose it to users in config help texts or printouts.
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Every arch calls:
if (unlikely(current->audit_context))
audit_syscall_entry()
which requires knowledge about audit (the existance of audit_context) in
the arch code. Just do it all in static inline in audit.h so that arch's
can remain blissfully ignorant.
Signed-off-by: Eric Paris <eparis@redhat.com>
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In the ia32entry syscall exit audit fastpath we have assembly code which calls
__audit_syscall_exit directly. This code was, however, zeroes the upper 32
bits of the return code. It then proceeded to call code which expects longs
to be 64bits long. In order to handle code which expects longs to be 64bit we
sign extend the return code if that code is an error. Thus the
__audit_syscall_exit function can correctly handle using the values in
snprintf("%ld"). This fixes the regression introduced in 5cbf1565f29eb57a86a.
Old record:
type=SYSCALL msg=audit(1306197182.256:281): arch=40000003 syscall=192 success=no exit=4294967283
New record:
type=SYSCALL msg=audit(1306197182.256:281): arch=40000003 syscall=192 success=no exit=-13
Signed-off-by: Eric Paris <eparis@redhat.com>
Acked-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
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The audit system previously expected arches calling to audit_syscall_exit to
supply as arguments if the syscall was a success and what the return code was.
Audit also provides a helper AUDITSC_RESULT which was supposed to simplify things
by converting from negative retcodes to an audit internal magic value stating
success or failure. This helper was wrong and could indicate that a valid
pointer returned to userspace was a failed syscall. The fix is to fix the
layering foolishness. We now pass audit_syscall_exit a struct pt_reg and it
in turns calls back into arch code to collect the return value and to
determine if the syscall was a success or failure. We also define a generic
is_syscall_success() macro which determines success/failure based on if the
value is < -MAX_ERRNO. This works for arches like x86 which do not use a
separate mechanism to indicate syscall failure.
We make both the is_syscall_success() and regs_return_value() static inlines
instead of macros. The reason is because the audit function must take a void*
for the regs. (uml calls theirs struct uml_pt_regs instead of just struct
pt_regs so audit_syscall_exit can't take a struct pt_regs). Since the audit
function takes a void* we need to use static inlines to cast it back to the
arch correct structure to dereference it.
The other major change is that on some arches, like ia64, MIPS and ppc, we
change regs_return_value() to give us the negative value on syscall failure.
THE only other user of this macro, kretprobe_example.c, won't notice and it
makes the value signed consistently for the audit functions across all archs.
In arch/sh/kernel/ptrace_64.c I see that we were using regs[9] in the old
audit code as the return value. But the ptrace_64.h code defined the macro
regs_return_value() as regs[3]. I have no idea which one is correct, but this
patch now uses the regs_return_value() function, so it now uses regs[3].
For powerpc we previously used regs->result but now use the
regs_return_value() function which uses regs->gprs[3]. regs->gprs[3] is
always positive so the regs_return_value(), much like ia64 makes it negative
before calling the audit code when appropriate.
Signed-off-by: Eric Paris <eparis@redhat.com>
Acked-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com> [for x86 portion]
Acked-by: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com> [for ia64]
Acked-by: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at> [for uml]
Acked-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net> [for sparc]
Acked-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org> [for mips]
Acked-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org> [for ppc]
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip
* 'x86-syscall-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
x86: Move <asm/asm-offsets.h> from trace_syscalls.c to asm/syscall.h
x86, um: Fix typo in 32-bit system call modifications
um: Use $(srctree) not $(KBUILD_SRC)
x86, um: Mark system call tables readonly
x86, um: Use the same style generated syscall tables as native
um: Generate headers before generating user-offsets.s
um: Run host archheaders, allow use of host generated headers
kbuild, headers.sh: Don't make archheaders explicitly
x86, syscall: Allow syscall offset to be symbolic
x86, syscall: Re-fix typo in comment
x86: Simplify syscallhdr.sh
x86: Generate system call tables and unistd_*.h from tables
checksyscalls: Use arch/x86/syscalls/syscall_32.tbl as source
x86: Machine-readable syscall tables and scripts to process them
trace: Include <asm/asm-offsets.h> in trace_syscalls.c
x86-64, ia32: Move compat_ni_syscall into C and its own file
x86-64, syscall: Adjust comment spacing and remove typo
kbuild: Add support for an "archheaders" target
kbuild: Add support for installing generated asm headers
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This reverts commit d5e553d6e0a4bdea43adae7373e3fa144b9a1aaa, which
caused large numbers of build warnings on PowerPC.
This moves the #include <asm/asm-offsets.h> to <asm/syscall.h>, which
makes some kind of sense since NR_syscalls is syscalls related.
Reported-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20111214181545.6e13bc954cb7ddce9086e861@canb.auug.org.au
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We override sys_iopl(), not stub_iopl(); the latter is a 64-bitism
that doesn't apply to i386 in the first place.
Reported-by: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
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Mark the system call tables readonly, as they already are on native,
and the 32-bit UM version was in the previous assembly version. The
32-bit version lost it due to copy and paste from the 64-bit version,
which was missing the const.
Cc: Jeff Dike <jdike@addtoit.com>
Cc: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/tip-45db1c6176c8171d9ae6fa6d82e07d115a5950ca@git.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
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Now when the native kernel uses a single style of generated system
call table, follow suite for UML and implement the same style, all in
C. This requires __NR_syscall_max and NR_syscalls to be generated; on
native this is done in asm-headers.h but that file is common to all
UML architectures; therefore put it in user-headers.h instead which
already have accommodations for architecture-specific values.
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
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Allow the specified syscall offset to be symbolic, e.g. a macro. For
offset system calls, this if nothing else makes the generated code
easier to read.
Suggested-by: H. J. Lu <hjl.tools@gmail.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1321569446-20433-7-git-send-email-hpa@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
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Fix the same typo as was fixed in:
b7641d2c x86-64, syscall: Adjust comment spacing and remove typo
... for the new versions of this file (32-bit and IA32 compat).
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1321569446-20433-4-git-send-email-hpa@linux.intel.com
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Simplify syscallhdr.sh by letting grep sort out the ABIs that we want,
rather than relying on manual list matching. This is safe since the
ABI strings already have to consist only of characters which are valid in C
macro names.
Suggested-by: Matt Helsley <matthltc@us.ibm.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20111118221558.GA6408@count0.beaverton.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
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Generate system call tables and unistd_*.h automatically from the
tables in arch/x86/syscalls. All other information, like NR_syscalls,
is auto-generated, some of which is in asm-offsets_*.c.
This allows us to keep all the system call information in one place,
and allows for kernel space and user space to see different
information; this is currently used for the ia32 system call numbers
when building the 64-bit kernel, but will be used by the x32 ABI in
the near future.
This also removes some gratuitious differences between i386, x86-64
and ia32; in particular, now all system call tables are generated with
the same mechanism.
Cc: H. J. Lu <hjl.tools@gmail.com>
Cc: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Cc: Michal Marek <mmarek@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
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Create a simple set of syscall tables and scripts to turn them into
both header files (unistd_*.h) and macros for generating the system
call tables.
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
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Move compat_ni_syscall out of ia32entry.S and into its own .c file.
Although this is a trivial function, it is not performance-critical,
and this will simplify further cleanups.
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
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Adjust spacing for comment so that it matches the multiline comment
style used in the rest of the kernel, and remove word duplication.
It is not really clear what version of gcc this refers to, but the
extra & doesn't cause any harm, so there is no reason to remove it.
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
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When suspending, there was a large list of warnings going something like:
Device 'machinecheck1' does not have a release() function, it is broken and must be fixed
This patch turns the static mce_devices into dynamically allocated, and
properly frees them when they are removed from the system. It solves
the warning messages on my laptop here.
Reported-by: "Srivatsa S. Bhat" <srivatsa.bhat@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reported-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Tested-by: Djalal Harouni <tixxdz@opendz.org>
Cc: Kay Sievers <kay.sievers@vrfy.org>
Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@amd64.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip
* 'perf-core-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (39 commits)
perf tools: Fix compile error on x86_64 Ubuntu
perf report: Fix --stdio output alignment when --showcpuutilization used
perf annotate: Get rid of field_sep check
perf annotate: Fix usage string
perf kmem: Fix a memory leak
perf kmem: Add missing closedir() calls
perf top: Add error message for EMFILE
perf test: Change type of '-v' option to INCR
perf script: Add missing closedir() calls
tracing: Fix compile error when static ftrace is enabled
recordmcount: Fix handling of elf64 big-endian objects.
perf tools: Add const.h to MANIFEST to make perf-tar-src-pkg work again
perf tools: Add support for guest/host-only profiling
perf kvm: Do guest-only counting by default
perf top: Don't update total_period on process_sample
perf hists: Stop using 'self' for struct hist_entry
perf hists: Rename total_session to total_period
x86: Add counter when debug stack is used with interrupts enabled
x86: Allow NMIs to hit breakpoints in i386
x86: Keep current stack in NMI breakpoints
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rostedt/linux-trace into perf/core
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rostedt/linux-trace into perf/core
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Mathieu Desnoyers pointed out a case that can cause issues with
NMIs running on the debug stack:
int3 -> interrupt -> NMI -> int3
Because the interrupt changes the stack, the NMI will not see that
it preempted the debug stack. Looking deeper at this case,
interrupts only happen when the int3 is from userspace or in
an a location in the exception table (fixup).
userspace -> int3 -> interurpt -> NMI -> int3
All other int3s that happen in the kernel should be processed
without ever enabling interrupts, as the do_trap() call will
panic the kernel if it is called to process any other location
within the kernel.
Adding a counter around the sections that enable interrupts while
using the debug stack allows the NMI to also check that case.
If the NMI sees that it either interrupted a task using the debug
stack or the debug counter is non-zero, then it will have to
change the IDT table to make the int3 not change stacks (which will
corrupt the stack if it does).
Note, I had to move the debug_usage functions out of processor.h
and into debugreg.h because of the static inlined functions to
inc and dec the debug_usage counter. __get_cpu_var() requires
smp.h which includes processor.h, and would fail to build.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1323976535.23971.112.camel@gandalf.stny.rr.com
Reported-by: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Paul Turner <pjt@google.com>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
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With i386, NMIs and breakpoints use the current stack and they
do not reset the stack pointer to a fix point that might corrupt
a previous NMI or breakpoint (as it does in x86_64). But NMIs are
still not made to be re-entrant, and need to prevent the case that
an NMI hitting a breakpoint (which does an iret), doesn't allow
another NMI to run.
The fix is to let the NMI be in 3 different states:
1) not running
2) executing
3) latched
When no NMI is executing on a given CPU, the state is "not running".
When the first NMI comes in, the state is switched to "executing".
On exit of that NMI, a cmpxchg is performed to switch the state
back to "not running" and if that fails, the NMI is restarted.
If a breakpoint is hit and does an iret, which re-enables NMIs,
and another NMI comes in before the first NMI finished, it will
detect that the state is not in the "not running" state and the
current NMI is nested. In this case, the state is switched to "latched"
to let the interrupted NMI know to restart the NMI handler, and
the nested NMI exits without doing anything.
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Paul Turner <pjt@google.com>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
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We want to allow NMI handlers to have breakpoints to be able to
remove stop_machine from ftrace, kprobes and jump_labels. But if
an NMI interrupts a current breakpoint, and then it triggers a
breakpoint itself, it will switch to the breakpoint stack and
corrupt the data on it for the breakpoint processing that it
interrupted.
Instead, have the NMI check if it interrupted breakpoint processing
by checking if the stack that is currently used is a breakpoint
stack. If it is, then load a special IDT that changes the IST
for the debug exception to keep the same stack in kernel context.
When the NMI is done, it puts it back.
This way, if the NMI does trigger a breakpoint, it will keep
using the same stack and not stomp on the breakpoint data for
the breakpoint it interrupted.
Suggested-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
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In x86, when an NMI goes off, the CPU goes into an NMI context that
prevents other NMIs to trigger on that CPU. If an NMI is suppose to
trigger, it has to wait till the previous NMI leaves NMI context.
At that time, the next NMI can trigger (note, only one more NMI will
trigger, as only one can be latched at a time).
The way x86 gets out of NMI context is by calling iret. The problem
with this is that this causes problems if the NMI handle either
triggers an exception, or a breakpoint. Both the exception and the
breakpoint handlers will finish with an iret. If this happens while
in NMI context, the CPU will leave NMI context and a new NMI may come
in. As NMI handlers are not made to be re-entrant, this can cause
havoc with the system, not to mention, the nested NMI will write
all over the previous NMI's stack.
Linus Torvalds proposed the following workaround to this problem:
https://lkml.org/lkml/2010/7/14/264
"In fact, I wonder if we couldn't just do a software NMI disable
instead? Hav ea per-cpu variable (in the _core_ percpu areas that get
allocated statically) that points to the NMI stack frame, and just
make the NMI code itself do something like
NMI entry:
- load percpu NMI stack frame pointer
- if non-zero we know we're nested, and should ignore this NMI:
- we're returning to kernel mode, so return immediately by using
"popf/ret", which also keeps NMI's disabled in the hardware until the
"real" NMI iret happens.
- before the popf/iret, use the NMI stack pointer to make the NMI
return stack be invalid and cause a fault
- set the NMI stack pointer to the current stack pointer
NMI exit (not the above "immediate exit because we nested"):
clear the percpu NMI stack pointer
Just do the iret.
Now, the thing is, now the "iret" is atomic. If we had a nested NMI,
we'll take a fault, and that re-does our "delayed" NMI - and NMI's
will stay masked.
And if we didn't have a nested NMI, that iret will now unmask NMI's,
and everything is happy."
I first tried to follow this advice but as I started implementing this
code, a few gotchas showed up.
One, is accessing per-cpu variables in the NMI handler.
The problem is that per-cpu variables use the %gs register to get the
variable for the given CPU. But as the NMI may happen in userspace,
we must first perform a SWAPGS to get to it. The NMI handler already
does this later in the code, but its too late as we have saved off
all the registers and we don't want to do that for a disabled NMI.
Peter Zijlstra suggested to keep all variables on the stack. This
simplifies things greatly and it has the added benefit of cache locality.
Two, faulting on the iret.
I really wanted to make this work, but it was becoming very hacky, and
I never got it to be stable. The iret already had a fault handler for
userspace faulting with bad segment registers, and getting NMI to trigger
a fault and detect it was very tricky. But for strange reasons, the system
would usually take a double fault and crash. I never figured out why
and decided to go with a simple "jmp" approach. The new approach I took
also simplified things.
Finally, the last problem with Linus's approach was to have the nested
NMI handler do a ret instead of an iret to give the first NMI NMI-context
again.
The problem is that ret is much more limited than an iret. I couldn't figure
out how to get the stack back where it belonged. I could have copied the
current stack, pushed the return onto it, but my fear here is that there
may be some place that writes data below the stack pointer. I know that
is not something code should depend on, but I don't want to chance it.
I may add this feature later, but for now, an NMI handler that loses NMI
context will not get it back.
Here's what is done:
When an NMI comes in, the HW pushes the interrupt stack frame onto the
per cpu NMI stack that is selected by the IST.
A special location on the NMI stack holds a variable that is set when
the first NMI handler runs. If this variable is set then we know that
this is a nested NMI and we process the nested NMI code.
There is still a race when this variable is cleared and an NMI comes
in just before the first NMI does the return. For this case, if the
variable is cleared, we also check if the interrupted stack is the
NMI stack. If it is, then we process the nested NMI code.
Why the two tests and not just test the interrupted stack?
If the first NMI hits a breakpoint and loses NMI context, and then it
hits another breakpoint and while processing that breakpoint we get a
nested NMI. When processing a breakpoint, the stack changes to the
breakpoint stack. If another NMI comes in here we can't rely on the
interrupted stack to be the NMI stack.
If the variable is not set and the interrupted task's stack is not the
NMI stack, then we know this is the first NMI and we can process things
normally. But in order to do so, we need to do a few things first.
1) Set the stack variable that tells us that we are in an NMI handler
2) Make two copies of the interrupt stack frame.
One copy is used to return on iret
The other is used to restore the first one if we have a nested NMI.
This is what the stack will look like:
+-------------------------+
| original SS |
| original Return RSP |
| original RFLAGS |
| original CS |
| original RIP |
+-------------------------+
| temp storage for rdx |
+-------------------------+
| NMI executing variable |
+-------------------------+
| Saved SS |
| Saved Return RSP |
| Saved RFLAGS |
| Saved CS |
| Saved RIP |
+-------------------------+
| copied SS |
| copied Return RSP |
| copied RFLAGS |
| copied CS |
| copied RIP |
+-------------------------+
| pt_regs |
+-------------------------+
The original stack frame contains what the HW put in when we entered
the NMI.
We store %rdx as a temp variable to use. Both the original HW stack
frame and this %rdx storage will be clobbered by nested NMIs so we
can not rely on them later in the first NMI handler.
The next item is the special stack variable that is set when we execute
the rest of the NMI handler.
Then we have two copies of the interrupt stack. The second copy is
modified by any nested NMIs to let the first NMI know that we triggered
a second NMI (latched) and that we should repeat the NMI handler.
If the first NMI hits an exception or breakpoint that takes it out of
NMI context, if a second NMI comes in before the first one finishes,
it will update the copied interrupt stack to point to a fix up location
to trigger another NMI.
When the first NMI calls iret, it will instead jump to the fix up
location. This fix up location will copy the saved interrupt stack back
to the copy and execute the nmi handler again.
Note, the nested NMI knows enough to check if it preempted a previous
NMI handler while it is in the fixup location. If it has, it will not
modify the copied interrupt stack and will just leave as if nothing
happened. As the NMI handle is about to execute again, there's no reason
to latch now.
To test all this, I forced the NMI handler to call iret and take itself
out of NMI context. I also added assemble code to write to the serial to
make sure that it hits the nested path as well as the fix up path.
Everything seems to be working fine.
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Paul Turner <pjt@google.com>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
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Linus cleaned up the NMI handler but it still needs some comments to
explain why it uses save_paranoid but not paranoid_exit. Just to keep
others from adding that in the future, document why it's not used.
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
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The NMI handler uses the paranoid_exit routine that checks the
NEED_RESCHED flag, and if it is set and the return is for userspace,
then interrupts are enabled, the stack is swapped to the thread's stack,
and schedule is called. The problem with this is that we are still in an
NMI context until an iret is executed. This means that any new NMIs are
now starved until an interrupt or exception occurs and does the iret.
As NMIs can not be masked and can interrupt any location, they are
treated as a special case. NEED_RESCHED should not be set in an NMI
handler. The interruption by the NMI should not disturb the work flow
for scheduling. Any IPI sent to a processor after sending the
NEED_RESCHED would have to wait for the NMI anyway, and after the IPI
finishes the schedule would be called as required.
There is no reason to do anything special leaving an NMI. Remove the
call to paranoid_exit and do a simple return. This not only fixes the
bug of starved NMIs, but it also cleans up the code.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/CA+55aFzgM55hXTs4griX5e9=v_O+=ue+7Rj0PTD=M7hFYpyULQ@mail.gmail.com
Acked-by: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Paul Turner <pjt@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip
* 'x86-urgent-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
x86, atomic: atomic64_read() take a const pointer
x86, UV: Update Boot messages for SGI UV2 platform
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atomic64_read() doesn't actually write anything (as far as the C
environment is concerned... the CPU does actually write but that's an
implementation quirk), so it should take a const pointer.
This does NOT mean that it is safe to use atomic64_read() on an object
in readonly storage (it will trap!)
Reported-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20120109165859.1879abda.akpm@linux-foundation.org
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SGI UV systems print a message during boot:
UV: Found <num> blades
Due to packaging changes, the blade count is not accurate for
on the next generation of the platform. This patch corrects the
count.
Signed-off-by: Jack Steiner <steiner@sgi.com>
Cc: <stable@kernel.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20120106191900.GA19772@sgi.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
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Autogenerated GPG tag for Rusty D1ADB8F1: 15EE 8D6C AB0E 7F0C F999 BFCB D920 0E6C D1AD B8F1
* tag 'for-linus' of git://github.com/rustyrussell/linux:
module_param: check that bool parameters really are bool.
intelfbdrv.c: bailearly is an int module_param
paride/pcd: fix bool verbose module parameter.
module_param: make bool parameters really bool (drivers & misc)
module_param: make bool parameters really bool (arch)
module_param: make bool parameters really bool (core code)
kernel/async: remove redundant declaration.
printk: fix unnecessary module_param_name.
lirc_parallel: fix module parameter description.
module_param: avoid bool abuse, add bint for special cases.
module_param: check type correctness for module_param_array
modpost: use linker section to generate table.
modpost: use a table rather than a giant if/else statement.
modules: sysfs - export: taint, coresize, initsize
kernel/params: replace DEBUGP with pr_debug
module: replace DEBUGP with pr_debug
module: struct module_ref should contains long fields
module: Fix performance regression on modules with large symbol tables
module: Add comments describing how the "strmap" logic works
Fix up conflicts in scripts/mod/file2alias.c due to the new linker-
generated table approach to adding __mod_*_device_table entries. The
ARM sa11x0 mcp bus needed to be converted to that too.
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module_param(bool) used to counter-intuitively take an int. In
fddd5201 (mid-2009) we allowed bool or int/unsigned int using a messy
trick.
It's time to remove the int/unsigned int option. For this version
it'll simply give a warning, but it'll break next kernel version.
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
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Commit 8a25a2fd126c ("cpu: convert 'cpu' and 'machinecheck' sysdev_class
to a regular subsystem") changed how things are dealt with in the MCE
subsystem. Some of the things that got broken due to this are CPU
hotplug and suspend/hibernate.
MCE uses per_cpu allocations of struct device. So, when a CPU goes
offline and comes back online, in order to ensure that we start from a
clean slate with respect to the MCE subsystem, zero out the entire
per_cpu device structure to 0 before using it.
Signed-off-by: Srivatsa S. Bhat <srivatsa.bhat@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Andrew explains:
- various misc stuff
- Most of the rest of MM: memcg, threaded hugepages, others.
- cpumask
- kexec
- kdump
- some direct-io performance tweaking
- radix-tree optimisations
- new selftests code
A note on this: often people will develop a new userspace-visible
feature and will develop userspace code to exercise/test that
feature. Then they merge the patch and the selftest code dies.
Sometimes we paste it into the changelog. Sometimes the code gets
thrown into Documentation/(!).
This saddens me. So this patch creates a bare-bones framework which
will henceforth allow me to ask people to include their test apps in
the kernel tree so we can keep them alive. Then when people enhance
or fix the feature, I can ask them to update the test app too.
The infrastruture is terribly trivial at present - let's see how it
evolves.
- checkpoint/restart feature work.
A note on this: this is a project by various mad Russians to perform
c/r mainly from userspace, with various oddball helper code added
into the kernel where the need is demonstrated.
So rather than some large central lump of code, what we have is
little bits and pieces popping up in various places which either
expose something new or which permit something which is normally
kernel-private to be modified.
The overall project is an ongoing thing. I've judged that the size
and scope of the thing means that we're more likely to be successful
with it if we integrate the support into mainline piecemeal rather
than allowing it all to develop out-of-tree.
However I'm less confident than the developers that it will all
eventually work! So what I'm asking them to do is to wrap each piece
of new code inside CONFIG_CHECKPOINT_RESTORE. So if it all
eventually comes to tears and the project as a whole fails, it should
be a simple matter to go through and delete all trace of it.
This lot pretty much wraps up the -rc1 merge for me.
* akpm: (96 commits)
unlzo: fix input buffer free
ramoops: update parameters only after successful init
ramoops: fix use of rounddown_pow_of_two()
c/r: prctl: add PR_SET_MM codes to set up mm_struct entries
c/r: procfs: add start_data, end_data, start_brk members to /proc/$pid/stat v4
c/r: introduce CHECKPOINT_RESTORE symbol
selftests: new x86 breakpoints selftest
selftests: new very basic kernel selftests directory
radix_tree: take radix_tree_path off stack
radix_tree: remove radix_tree_indirect_to_ptr()
dio: optimize cache misses in the submission path
vfs: cache request_queue in struct block_device
fs/direct-io.c: calculate fs_count correctly in get_more_blocks()
drivers/parport/parport_pc.c: fix warnings
panic: don't print redundant backtraces on oops
sysctl: add the kernel.ns_last_pid control
kdump: add udev events for memory online/offline
include/linux/crash_dump.h needs elf.h
kdump: fix crash_kexec()/smp_send_stop() race in panic()
kdump: crashk_res init check for /sys/kernel/kexec_crash_size
...
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node_to_cpumask() has been replaced by cpumask_of_node(), and wholly
removed since commit 29c337a0 ("cpumask: remove obsolete node_to_cpumask
now everyone uses cpumask_of_node").
So update the comments for setup_node_to_cpumask_map().
Signed-off-by: Wanlong Gao <gaowanlong@cn.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Move CMPXCHG_DOUBLE and rename it to HAVE_CMPXCHG_DOUBLE so architectures
can simply select the option if it is supported.
Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Move CMPXCHG_LOCAL and rename it to HAVE_CMPXCHG_LOCAL so architectures
can simply select the option if it is supported.
Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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While implementing cmpxchg_double() on s390 I realized that we don't set
CONFIG_CMPXCHG_LOCAL despite the fact that we have support for it.
However setting that option will increase the size of struct page by
eight bytes on 64 bit, which we certainly do not want. Also, it doesn't
make sense that a present cpu feature should increase the size of struct
page.
Besides that it looks like the dependency to CMPXCHG_LOCAL is wrong and
that it should depend on CMPXCHG_DOUBLE instead.
This patch:
If an architecture supports CMPXCHG_LOCAL this shouldn't result
automatically in larger struct pages if the SLUB allocator is used.
Instead introduce a new config option "HAVE_ALIGNED_STRUCT_PAGE" which
can be selected if a double word aligned struct page is required. Also
update x86 Kconfig so that it should work as before.
Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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* tag 'to-linus' of git://github.com/rustyrussell/linux: (24 commits)
lguest: Make sure interrupt is allocated ok by lguest_setup_irq
lguest: move the lguest tool to the tools directory
lguest: switch segment-voodoo-numbers to readable symbols
virtio: balloon: Add freeze, restore handlers to support S4
virtio: balloon: Move vq initialization into separate function
virtio: net: Add freeze, restore handlers to support S4
virtio: net: Move vq and vq buf removal into separate function
virtio: net: Move vq initialization into separate function
virtio: blk: Add freeze, restore handlers to support S4
virtio: blk: Move vq initialization to separate function
virtio: console: Disable callbacks for virtqueues at start of S4 freeze
virtio: console: Add freeze and restore handlers to support S4
virtio: console: Move vq and vq buf removal into separate functions
virtio: pci: add PM notification handlers for restore, freeze, thaw, poweroff
virtio: pci: switch to new PM API
virtio_blk: fix config handler race
virtio: add debugging if driver doesn't kick.
virtio: expose added descriptors immediately.
virtio: avoid modulus operation.
virtio: support unlocked queue kick
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Make sure the interrupt is allocated correctly by lguest_setup_irq (check the
return value of irq_alloc_desc_at for -ENOMEM)
Signed-off-by: Stratos Psomadakis <psomas@cslab.ece.ntua.gr>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au> (cleanups and commentry)
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This very noisy sparse warning appears on almost every file in the
kernel:
CHECK init/main.c
arch/x86/include/asm/thread_info.h:43:55: error: dubious one-bit signed bitfield
arch/x86/include/asm/thread_info.h:44:46: error: dubious one-bit signed bitfield
This patch changes sig_on_uaccess_error and uaccess_err flags to unsigned
type and thus fixes the warning.
Signed-off-by: Anton Vorontsov <cbouatmailru@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Andy Lutomirski <luto@mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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We only need amd_bus.o for AMD systems with PCI. arch/x86/pci/Makefile
already depends on CONFIG_PCI=y, so this patch just adds the dependency
on CONFIG_AMD_NB.
Cc: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Cc: stable@kernel.org # 2.6.34+ (needs adjustment for k8 -> amd rename)
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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