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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/kdave/linux
Pull btrfs fixes from David Sterba:
"We've collected a bunch of isolated fixes, for crashes, user-visible
behaviour or missing bits from other subsystem cleanups from the past.
The overall number is not small but I was not able to make it
significantly smaller. Most of the patches are supposed to go to
stable"
* 'for-4.14-rc3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/kdave/linux:
btrfs: log csums for all modified extents
Btrfs: fix unexpected result when dio reading corrupted blocks
btrfs: Report error on removing qgroup if del_qgroup_item fails
Btrfs: skip checksum when reading compressed data if some IO have failed
Btrfs: fix kernel oops while reading compressed data
Btrfs: use btrfs_op instead of bio_op in __btrfs_map_block
Btrfs: do not backup tree roots when fsync
btrfs: remove BTRFS_FS_QUOTA_DISABLING flag
btrfs: propagate error to btrfs_cmp_data_prepare caller
btrfs: prevent to set invalid default subvolid
Btrfs: send: fix error number for unknown inode types
btrfs: fix NULL pointer dereference from free_reloc_roots()
btrfs: finish ordered extent cleaning if no progress is found
btrfs: clear ordered flag on cleaning up ordered extents
Btrfs: fix incorrect {node,sector}size endianness from BTRFS_IOC_FS_INFO
Btrfs: do not reset bio->bi_ops while writing bio
Btrfs: use the new helper wbc_to_write_flags
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Amir reported a bug discovered by his cleaned up version of my
dm-log-writes xfstests where we were missing csums at certain replay
points. This is because fsx was doing an msync(), which essentially
fsync()'s a specific range of a file. We will log all modified extents,
but only search for the checksums in the range we are being asked to
sync. We cannot simply log the extents in the range we're being asked
because we are logging the inode item as it is currently, which if it
has had a i_size update before the msync means we will miss extents when
replaying. We could possibly get around this by marking the inode with
the transaction that extended the i_size to see if we have this case,
but this would be racy and we'd have to lock the whole range of the
inode to make sure we didn't have an ordered extent outside of our range
that was in the middle of completing.
Fix this simply by keeping track of the modified extents range and
logging the csums for the entire range of extents that we are logging.
This makes the xfstest pass.
Reported-by: Amir Goldstein <amir73il@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Josef Bacik <jbacik@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
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commit 4246a0b63bd8 ("block: add a bi_error field to struct bio")
changed the logic of how dio read endio reports errors.
For single stripe dio read, %bio->bi_status reflects the error before
verifying checksum, and now we're updating it when data block matches
with its checksum, while in the mismatching case, %bio->bi_status is
not updated to relfect that.
When some blocks in a file have been corrupted on disk, reading such a
file ends up with
1) checksum errors are reported in kernel log
2) read(2) returns successfully with some content being 0x01.
In order to fix it, we need to report its checksum mismatch error to
the upper layer (dio layer in this case) as well.
Fixes: 4246a0b63bd8 ("block: add a bi_error field to struct bio")
Signed-off-by: Liu Bo <bo.li.liu@oracle.com>
Reported-by: Goffredo Baroncelli <kreijack@inwind.it>
Tested-by: Goffredo Baroncelli <kreijack@inwind.it>
Reviewed-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
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Previously, we were calling del_qgroup_item, and ignoring the return code
resulting in a potential to have divergent in-memory state without an
error. Perhaps, it makes sense to handle this error code, and put the
filesystem into a read only, or similar state.
This patch only adds reporting of the error if the error is fatal,
(any error other than qgroup not found).
Signed-off-by: Sargun Dhillon <sargun@sargun.me>
Reviewed-by: Qu Wenruo <quwenruo.btrfs@gmx.com>
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
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Currently even if the underlying disk reports failure on IO,
compressed read endio still gets to verify checksum and reports it as
a checksum error.
In fact, if some IO have failed during reading a compressed data
extent , there's no way the checksum could match, therefore, we can
skip that in order to return error quickly to the upper layer.
Please note that we need to do this after recording the failed mirror
index so that read-repair in the upper layer's endio can work
properly.
Signed-off-by: Liu Bo <bo.li.liu@oracle.com>
Tested-by: Paul Jones <paul@pauljones.id.au>
Reviewed-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
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The kernel oops happens at
kernel BUG at fs/btrfs/extent_io.c:2104!
...
RIP: clean_io_failure+0x263/0x2a0 [btrfs]
It's showing that read-repair code is using an improper mirror index.
This is due to the fact that compression read's endio hasn't recorded
the failed mirror index in %cb->orig_bio.
With this, btrfs's read-repair can work properly on reading compressed
data.
Signed-off-by: Liu Bo <bo.li.liu@oracle.com>
Reported-by: Paul Jones <paul@pauljones.id.au>
Tested-by: Paul Jones <paul@pauljones.id.au>
Reviewed-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
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This seems to be a leftover of commit cf8cddd38bab ("btrfs: don't
abuse REQ_OP_* flags for btrfs_map_block").
It should use btrfs_op() helper to provide one of 'enum btrfs_map_op'
types.
Fixes: cf8cddd38bab ("btrfs: don't abuse REQ_OP_* flags for btrfs_map_block")
Signed-off-by: Liu Bo <bo.li.liu@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Satoru Takeuchi <satoru.takeuchi@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
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It doesn't make sense to backup tree roots when doing fsync, since
during fsync those tree roots have not been consistent on disk.
Signed-off-by: Liu Bo <bo.li.liu@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Qu Wenruo <quwenruo.btrfs@gmx.com>
Reviewed-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
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Currently, "btrfs quota enable" would fail after "btrfs quota disable" on
the first time with syslog output "qgroup_rescan_init failed with -22", but
it would succeed on the second time.
When "quota disable" is called, BTRFS_FS_QUOTA_DISABLING flag bit will be
set in fs_info->flags in btrfs_quota_disable(), but it will not be droppd
in btrfs_run_qgroups() (which is called in btrfs_commit_transaction())
because quota_root has already been freed. If "quota enable" is called
after that, both BTRFS_FS_QUOTA_DISABLING and BTRFS_FS_QUOTA_ENABLED flag
would be dropped in the btrfs_run_qgroups() since quota_root is not NULL.
This leads to the failure of "quota enable" on the first time.
BTRFS_FS_QUOTA_DISABLING flag is not used outside of "quota disable"
context and is equivalent to whether quota_root is NULL or not.
btrfs_run_qgroups() checks whether quota_root is NULL or not in the first
place.
So, let's remove BTRFS_FS_QUOTA_DISABLING flag.
Signed-off-by: Tomohiro Misono <misono.tomohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Reviewed-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
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btrfs_cmp_data_prepare() (almost) always returns 0 i.e. ignoring errors
from gather_extent_pages(). While the pages are freed by
btrfs_cmp_data_free(), cmp->num_pages still has > 0. Then,
btrfs_extent_same() try to access the already freed pages causing faults
(or violates PageLocked assertion).
This patch just return the error as is so that the caller stop the process.
Signed-off-by: Naohiro Aota <naohiro.aota@wdc.com>
Fixes: f441460202cb ("btrfs: fix deadlock with extent-same and readpage")
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # 4.2
Reviewed-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
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`btrfs sub set-default` succeeds to set an ID which isn't corresponding to any
fs/file tree. If such the bad ID is set to a filesystem, we can't mount this
filesystem without specifying `subvol` or `subvolid` mount options.
Fixes: 6ef5ed0d386b ("Btrfs: add ioctl and incompat flag to set the default mount subvol")
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Satoru Takeuchi <satoru.takeuchi@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Qu Wenruo <quwenruo.btrfs@gmx.com>
Reviewed-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
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ENOTSUPP should not be returned to the user program.
(cf. include/linux/errno.h)
Therefore, EOPNOTSUPP is used instead of ENOTSUPP.
Signed-off-by: Tsutomu Itoh <t-itoh@jp.fujitsu.com>
Reviewed-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
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__del_reloc_root should be called before freeing up reloc_root->node.
If not, calling __del_reloc_root() dereference reloc_root->node, causing
the system BUG.
Fixes: 6bdf131fac23 ("Btrfs: don't leak reloc root nodes on error")
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # 4.9
Signed-off-by: Naohiro Aota <naohiro.aota@wdc.com>
Reviewed-by: Nikolay Borisov <nborisov@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
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__endio_write_update_ordered() repeats the search until it reaches the end
of the specified range. This works well with direct IO path, because before
the function is called, it's ensured that there are ordered extents filling
whole the range. It's not the case, however, when it's called from
run_delalloc_range(): it is possible to have error in the midle of the loop
in e.g. run_delalloc_nocow(), so that there exisits the range not covered
by any ordered extents. By cleaning such "uncomplete" range,
__endio_write_update_ordered() stucks at offset where there're no ordered
extents.
Since the ordered extents are created from head to tail, we can stop the
search if there are no offset progress.
Fixes: 524272607e88 ("btrfs: Handle delalloc error correctly to avoid ordered extent hang")
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # 4.12
Signed-off-by: Naohiro Aota <naohiro.aota@wdc.com>
Reviewed-by: Qu Wenruo <quwenruo.btrfs@gmx.com>
Reviewed-by: Josef Bacik <jbacik@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
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Commit 524272607e88 ("btrfs: Handle delalloc error correctly to avoid
ordered extent hang") introduced btrfs_cleanup_ordered_extents() to cleanup
submitted ordered extents. However, it does not clear the ordered bit
(Private2) of corresponding pages. Thus, the following BUG occurs from
free_pages_check_bad() (on btrfs/125 with nospace_cache).
BUG: Bad page state in process btrfs pfn:3fa787
page:ffffdf2acfe9e1c0 count:0 mapcount:0 mapping: (null) index:0xd
flags: 0x8000000000002008(uptodate|private_2)
raw: 8000000000002008 0000000000000000 000000000000000d 00000000ffffffff
raw: ffffdf2acf5c1b20 ffffb443802238b0 0000000000000000 0000000000000000
page dumped because: PAGE_FLAGS_CHECK_AT_FREE flag(s) set
bad because of flags: 0x2000(private_2)
This patch clears the flag same as other places calling
btrfs_dec_test_ordered_pending() for every page in the specified range.
Fixes: 524272607e88 ("btrfs: Handle delalloc error correctly to avoid ordered extent hang")
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # 4.12
Signed-off-by: Naohiro Aota <naohiro.aota@wdc.com>
Reviewed-by: Qu Wenruo <quwenruo.btrfs@gmx.com>
Reviewed-by: Josef Bacik <jbacik@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
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fs_info->super_copy->{node,sector}size are little-endian, but the ioctl
should return the values in native endianness. Use the cached values in
btrfs_fs_info instead. Found with sparse.
Fixes: 80a773fbfc2d ("btrfs: retrieve more info from FS_INFO ioctl")
Signed-off-by: Omar Sandoval <osandov@fb.com>
Reviewed-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
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flush_epd_write_bio() sets bio->bi_opf by itself to honor REQ_SYNC,
but it's not needed at all since bio->bi_opf has set up properly in
both __extent_writepage() and write_one_eb(), and in the case of
write_one_eb(), it also sets REQ_META, which we will lose in
flush_epd_write_bio().
This remove this unnecessary bio->bi_opf setting.
Signed-off-by: Liu Bo <bo.li.liu@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
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This updates btrfs to use the helper wbc_to_write_flags which has been
applied in ext4/xfs/f2fs/block.
Please note that, with this, btrfs's dirty pages written by a
writeback job will carry the flag REQ_BACKGROUND, which is currently
used by writeback-throttle to determine whether it should go to get a
request or wait.
Signed-off-by: Liu Bo <bo.li.liu@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs
Pull nowait read support from Al Viro:
"Support IOCB_NOWAIT for buffered reads and block devices"
* 'work.read_write' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs:
block_dev: support RFW_NOWAIT on block device nodes
fs: support RWF_NOWAIT for buffered reads
fs: support IOCB_NOWAIT in generic_file_buffered_read
fs: pass iocb to do_generic_file_read
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This is based on the old idea and code from Milosz Tanski. With the aio
nowait code it becomes mostly trivial now. Buffered writes continue to
return -EOPNOTSUPP if RWF_NOWAIT is passed.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs
Pull mount flag updates from Al Viro:
"Another chunk of fmount preparations from dhowells; only trivial
conflicts for that part. It separates MS_... bits (very grotty
mount(2) ABI) from the struct super_block ->s_flags (kernel-internal,
only a small subset of MS_... stuff).
This does *not* convert the filesystems to new constants; only the
infrastructure is done here. The next step in that series is where the
conflicts would be; that's the conversion of filesystems. It's purely
mechanical and it's better done after the merge, so if you could run
something like
list=$(for i in MS_RDONLY MS_NOSUID MS_NODEV MS_NOEXEC MS_SYNCHRONOUS MS_MANDLOCK MS_DIRSYNC MS_NOATIME MS_NODIRATIME MS_SILENT MS_POSIXACL MS_KERNMOUNT MS_I_VERSION MS_LAZYTIME; do git grep -l $i fs drivers/staging/lustre drivers/mtd ipc mm include/linux; done|sort|uniq|grep -v '^fs/namespace.c$')
sed -i -e 's/\<MS_RDONLY\>/SB_RDONLY/g' \
-e 's/\<MS_NOSUID\>/SB_NOSUID/g' \
-e 's/\<MS_NODEV\>/SB_NODEV/g' \
-e 's/\<MS_NOEXEC\>/SB_NOEXEC/g' \
-e 's/\<MS_SYNCHRONOUS\>/SB_SYNCHRONOUS/g' \
-e 's/\<MS_MANDLOCK\>/SB_MANDLOCK/g' \
-e 's/\<MS_DIRSYNC\>/SB_DIRSYNC/g' \
-e 's/\<MS_NOATIME\>/SB_NOATIME/g' \
-e 's/\<MS_NODIRATIME\>/SB_NODIRATIME/g' \
-e 's/\<MS_SILENT\>/SB_SILENT/g' \
-e 's/\<MS_POSIXACL\>/SB_POSIXACL/g' \
-e 's/\<MS_KERNMOUNT\>/SB_KERNMOUNT/g' \
-e 's/\<MS_I_VERSION\>/SB_I_VERSION/g' \
-e 's/\<MS_LAZYTIME\>/SB_LAZYTIME/g' \
$list
and commit it with something along the lines of 'convert filesystems
away from use of MS_... constants' as commit message, it would save a
quite a bit of headache next cycle"
* 'work.mount' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs:
VFS: Differentiate mount flags (MS_*) from internal superblock flags
VFS: Convert sb->s_flags & MS_RDONLY to sb_rdonly(sb)
vfs: Add sb_rdonly(sb) to query the MS_RDONLY flag on s_flags
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Firstly by applying the following with coccinelle's spatch:
@@ expression SB; @@
-SB->s_flags & MS_RDONLY
+sb_rdonly(SB)
to effect the conversion to sb_rdonly(sb), then by applying:
@@ expression A, SB; @@
(
-(!sb_rdonly(SB)) && A
+!sb_rdonly(SB) && A
|
-A != (sb_rdonly(SB))
+A != sb_rdonly(SB)
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-A == (sb_rdonly(SB))
+A == sb_rdonly(SB)
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-!(sb_rdonly(SB))
+!sb_rdonly(SB)
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-A && (sb_rdonly(SB))
+A && sb_rdonly(SB)
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-A || (sb_rdonly(SB))
+A || sb_rdonly(SB)
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-(sb_rdonly(SB)) != A
+sb_rdonly(SB) != A
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-(sb_rdonly(SB)) == A
+sb_rdonly(SB) == A
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-(sb_rdonly(SB)) && A
+sb_rdonly(SB) && A
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-(sb_rdonly(SB)) || A
+sb_rdonly(SB) || A
)
@@ expression A, B, SB; @@
(
-(sb_rdonly(SB)) ? 1 : 0
+sb_rdonly(SB)
|
-(sb_rdonly(SB)) ? A : B
+sb_rdonly(SB) ? A : B
)
to remove left over excess bracketage and finally by applying:
@@ expression A, SB; @@
(
-(A & MS_RDONLY) != sb_rdonly(SB)
+(bool)(A & MS_RDONLY) != sb_rdonly(SB)
|
-(A & MS_RDONLY) == sb_rdonly(SB)
+(bool)(A & MS_RDONLY) == sb_rdonly(SB)
)
to make comparisons against the result of sb_rdonly() (which is a bool)
work correctly.
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs
Pull more set_fs removal from Al Viro:
"Christoph's 'use kernel_read and friends rather than open-coding
set_fs()' series"
* 'work.set_fs' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs:
fs: unexport vfs_readv and vfs_writev
fs: unexport vfs_read and vfs_write
fs: unexport __vfs_read/__vfs_write
lustre: switch to kernel_write
gadget/f_mass_storage: stop messing with the address limit
mconsole: switch to kernel_read
btrfs: switch write_buf to kernel_write
net/9p: switch p9_fd_read to kernel_write
mm/nommu: switch do_mmap_private to kernel_read
serial2002: switch serial2002_tty_write to kernel_{read/write}
fs: make the buf argument to __kernel_write a void pointer
fs: fix kernel_write prototype
fs: fix kernel_read prototype
fs: move kernel_read to fs/read_write.c
fs: move kernel_write to fs/read_write.c
autofs4: switch autofs4_write to __kernel_write
ashmem: switch to ->read_iter
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Instead of playing with the addressing limits.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Nikolay Borisov <nborisov@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mason/linux-btrfs
Pull zstd support from Chris Mason:
"Nick Terrell's patch series to add zstd support to the kernel has been
floating around for a while. After talking with Dave Sterba, Herbert
and Phillip, we decided to send the whole thing in as one pull
request.
zstd is a big win in speed over zlib and in compression ratio over
lzo, and the compression team here at FB has gotten great results
using it in production. Nick will continue to update the kernel side
with new improvements from the open source zstd userland code.
Nick has a number of benchmarks for the main zstd code in his lib/zstd
commit:
I ran the benchmarks on a Ubuntu 14.04 VM with 2 cores and 4 GiB
of RAM. The VM is running on a MacBook Pro with a 3.1 GHz Intel
Core i7 processor, 16 GB of RAM, and a SSD. I benchmarked using
`silesia.tar` [3], which is 211,988,480 B large. Run the following
commands for the benchmark:
sudo modprobe zstd_compress_test
sudo mknod zstd_compress_test c 245 0
sudo cp silesia.tar zstd_compress_test
The time is reported by the time of the userland `cp`.
The MB/s is computed with
1,536,217,008 B / time(buffer size, hash)
which includes the time to copy from userland.
The Adjusted MB/s is computed with
1,536,217,088 B / (time(buffer size, hash) - time(buffer size, none)).
The memory reported is the amount of memory the compressor
requests.
| Method | Size (B) | Time (s) | Ratio | MB/s | Adj MB/s | Mem (MB) |
|----------|----------|----------|-------|---------|----------|----------|
| none | 11988480 | 0.100 | 1 | 2119.88 | - | - |
| zstd -1 | 73645762 | 1.044 | 2.878 | 203.05 | 224.56 | 1.23 |
| zstd -3 | 66988878 | 1.761 | 3.165 | 120.38 | 127.63 | 2.47 |
| zstd -5 | 65001259 | 2.563 | 3.261 | 82.71 | 86.07 | 2.86 |
| zstd -10 | 60165346 | 13.242 | 3.523 | 16.01 | 16.13 | 13.22 |
| zstd -15 | 58009756 | 47.601 | 3.654 | 4.45 | 4.46 | 21.61 |
| zstd -19 | 54014593 | 102.835 | 3.925 | 2.06 | 2.06 | 60.15 |
| zlib -1 | 77260026 | 2.895 | 2.744 | 73.23 | 75.85 | 0.27 |
| zlib -3 | 72972206 | 4.116 | 2.905 | 51.50 | 52.79 | 0.27 |
| zlib -6 | 68190360 | 9.633 | 3.109 | 22.01 | 22.24 | 0.27 |
| zlib -9 | 67613382 | 22.554 | 3.135 | 9.40 | 9.44 | 0.27 |
I benchmarked zstd decompression using the same method on the same
machine. The benchmark file is located in the upstream zstd repo
under `contrib/linux-kernel/zstd_decompress_test.c` [4]. The
memory reported is the amount of memory required to decompress
data compressed with the given compression level. If you know the
maximum size of your input, you can reduce the memory usage of
decompression irrespective of the compression level.
| Method | Time (s) | MB/s | Adjusted MB/s | Memory (MB) |
|----------|----------|---------|---------------|-------------|
| none | 0.025 | 8479.54 | - | - |
| zstd -1 | 0.358 | 592.15 | 636.60 | 0.84 |
| zstd -3 | 0.396 | 535.32 | 571.40 | 1.46 |
| zstd -5 | 0.396 | 535.32 | 571.40 | 1.46 |
| zstd -10 | 0.374 | 566.81 | 607.42 | 2.51 |
| zstd -15 | 0.379 | 559.34 | 598.84 | 4.61 |
| zstd -19 | 0.412 | 514.54 | 547.77 | 8.80 |
| zlib -1 | 0.940 | 225.52 | 231.68 | 0.04 |
| zlib -3 | 0.883 | 240.08 | 247.07 | 0.04 |
| zlib -6 | 0.844 | 251.17 | 258.84 | 0.04 |
| zlib -9 | 0.837 | 253.27 | 287.64 | 0.04 |
I ran a long series of tests and benchmarks on the btrfs side and the
gains are very similar to the core benchmarks Nick ran"
* 'zstd-minimal' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mason/linux-btrfs:
squashfs: Add zstd support
btrfs: Add zstd support
lib: Add zstd modules
lib: Add xxhash module
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Add zstd compression and decompression support to BtrFS. zstd at its
fastest level compresses almost as well as zlib, while offering much
faster compression and decompression, approaching lzo speeds.
I benchmarked btrfs with zstd compression against no compression, lzo
compression, and zlib compression. I benchmarked two scenarios. Copying
a set of files to btrfs, and then reading the files. Copying a tarball
to btrfs, extracting it to btrfs, and then reading the extracted files.
After every operation, I call `sync` and include the sync time.
Between every pair of operations I unmount and remount the filesystem
to avoid caching. The benchmark files can be found in the upstream
zstd source repository under
`contrib/linux-kernel/{btrfs-benchmark.sh,btrfs-extract-benchmark.sh}`
[1] [2].
I ran the benchmarks on a Ubuntu 14.04 VM with 2 cores and 4 GiB of RAM.
The VM is running on a MacBook Pro with a 3.1 GHz Intel Core i7 processor,
16 GB of RAM, and a SSD.
The first compression benchmark is copying 10 copies of the unzipped
Silesia corpus [3] into a BtrFS filesystem mounted with
`-o compress-force=Method`. The decompression benchmark times how long
it takes to `tar` all 10 copies into `/dev/null`. The compression ratio is
measured by comparing the output of `df` and `du`. See the benchmark file
[1] for details. I benchmarked multiple zstd compression levels, although
the patch uses zstd level 1.
| Method | Ratio | Compression MB/s | Decompression speed |
|---------|-------|------------------|---------------------|
| None | 0.99 | 504 | 686 |
| lzo | 1.66 | 398 | 442 |
| zlib | 2.58 | 65 | 241 |
| zstd 1 | 2.57 | 260 | 383 |
| zstd 3 | 2.71 | 174 | 408 |
| zstd 6 | 2.87 | 70 | 398 |
| zstd 9 | 2.92 | 43 | 406 |
| zstd 12 | 2.93 | 21 | 408 |
| zstd 15 | 3.01 | 11 | 354 |
The next benchmark first copies `linux-4.11.6.tar` [4] to btrfs. Then it
measures the compression ratio, extracts the tar, and deletes the tar.
Then it measures the compression ratio again, and `tar`s the extracted
files into `/dev/null`. See the benchmark file [2] for details.
| Method | Tar Ratio | Extract Ratio | Copy (s) | Extract (s)| Read (s) |
|--------|-----------|---------------|----------|------------|----------|
| None | 0.97 | 0.78 | 0.981 | 5.501 | 8.807 |
| lzo | 2.06 | 1.38 | 1.631 | 8.458 | 8.585 |
| zlib | 3.40 | 1.86 | 7.750 | 21.544 | 11.744 |
| zstd 1 | 3.57 | 1.85 | 2.579 | 11.479 | 9.389 |
[1] https://github.com/facebook/zstd/blob/dev/contrib/linux-kernel/btrfs-benchmark.sh
[2] https://github.com/facebook/zstd/blob/dev/contrib/linux-kernel/btrfs-extract-benchmark.sh
[3] http://sun.aei.polsl.pl/~sdeor/index.php?page=silesia
[4] https://cdn.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v4.x/linux-4.11.6.tar.xz
zstd source repository: https://github.com/facebook/zstd
Signed-off-by: Nick Terrell <terrelln@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <clm@fb.com>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/kdave/linux
Pull btrfs updates from David Sterba:
"The changes range through all types: cleanups, core chagnes, sanity
checks, fixes, other user visible changes, detailed list below:
- deprecated: user transaction ioctl
- mount option ssd does not change allocation alignments
- degraded read-write mount is allowed if all the raid profile
constraints are met, now based on more accurate check
- defrag: do not reset compression afterwards; the NOCOMPRESS flag
can be now overriden by defrag
- prep work for better extent reference tracking (related to the
qgroup slowness with balance)
- prep work for compression heuristics
- memory allocation reductions (may help latencies on a loaded
system)
- better accounting for io waiting states
- error handling improvements (removed BUGs)
- added more sanity checks for shared refs
- fix readdir vs pagefault deadlock under some circumstances
- fix for 'no-hole' mode, certain combination of compressed and
inline extents
- send: fix emission of invalid clone operations
- fixup file mode if setting acls fail
- more fixes from fuzzing
- oher cleanups"
* 'for-4.14' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/kdave/linux: (104 commits)
btrfs: submit superblock io with REQ_META and REQ_PRIO
btrfs: remove unnecessary memory barrier in btrfs_direct_IO
btrfs: remove superfluous chunk_tree argument from btrfs_alloc_dev_extent
btrfs: Remove chunk_objectid parameter of btrfs_alloc_dev_extent
btrfs: pass fs_info to btrfs_del_root instead of tree_root
Btrfs: add one more sanity check for shared ref type
Btrfs: remove BUG_ON in __add_tree_block
Btrfs: remove BUG() in add_data_reference
Btrfs: remove BUG() in print_extent_item
Btrfs: remove BUG() in btrfs_extent_inline_ref_size
Btrfs: convert to use btrfs_get_extent_inline_ref_type
Btrfs: add a helper to retrive extent inline ref type
btrfs: scrub: simplify scrub worker initialization
btrfs: scrub: clean up division in scrub_find_csum
btrfs: scrub: clean up division in __scrub_mark_bitmap
btrfs: scrub: use bool for flush_all_writes
btrfs: preserve i_mode if __btrfs_set_acl() fails
btrfs: Remove extraneous chunk_objectid variable
btrfs: Remove chunk_objectid argument from btrfs_make_block_group
btrfs: Remove extra parentheses from condition in copy_items()
...
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The superblock is also metadata of the filesystem so the relevant IO
should be tagged as such. We also tag it as high priority, as it's the
last block committed for metadata from a given transaction. Any delays
would effectively block the whole transaction, also blocking any other
operation holding the device_list_mutex.
Reviewed-by: Josef Bacik <jbacik@fb.com>
Reviewed-by: Liu Bo <bo.li.liu@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
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Commit 38851cc19adb ("Btrfs: implement unlocked dio write") implemented
unlocked dio write, allowing multiple dio writers to write to
non-overlapping, and non-eof-extending regions. In doing so it also
introduced a broken memory barrier. It is broken due to 2 things:
1. Memory barriers _MUST_ always be paired, this is clearly not the case
here
2. Checkpatch actually produces a warning if a memory barrier is
introduced that doesn't have a comment explaining how it's being
paired.
Specifically for inode::i_dio_count that's wrapped inside
inode_dio_begin, there is no explicit barrier semantics attached, so
removing is fine as the atomic is used in common the waiter/wakeup
pattern.
Signed-off-by: Nikolay Borisov <nborisov@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
[ enhance changelog ]
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
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Currently this function is always called with the object id of the root
key of the chunk_tree, which is always BTRFS_CHUNK_TREE_OBJECTID. So
let's subsume it straight into the function itself. No functional
change.
Signed-off-by: Nikolay Borisov <nborisov@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
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THe function is always called with chunk_objectid set to
BTRFS_FIRST_CHUNK_TREE_OBJECTID. Let's collapse the parameter in the
function itself. No functional changes.
Signed-off-by: Nikolay Borisov <nborisov@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
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btrfs_del_roots always uses the tree_root. Let's pass fs_info instead.
Signed-off-by: Jeff Mahoney <jeffm@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
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Every shared ref has a parent tree block, which can be get from
btrfs_extent_inline_ref_offset(). And the tree block must be aligned
to the nodesize, so we'd know this inline ref is not valid if this
block's bytenr is not aligned to the nodesize, in which case, most
likely the ref type has been misused.
This adds the above mentioned check and also updates
print_extent_item() called by btrfs_print_leaf() to point out the
invalid ref while printing the tree structure.
Signed-off-by: Liu Bo <bo.li.liu@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
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The BUG_ON() can be triggered when the caller is processing an invalid
extent inline ref, e.g.
a shared data ref is offered instead of an extent data ref, such that
it tries to find a non-existent tree block and then btrfs_search_slot
returns 1 for no such item.
This replaces the BUG_ON() with a WARN() followed by calling
btrfs_print_leaf() to show more details about what's going on and
returning -EINVAL to upper callers.
Signed-off-by: Liu Bo <bo.li.liu@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
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Now that we have a helper to report invalid value of extent inline ref
type, we need to quit gracefully instead of throwing out a kernel panic.
Signed-off-by: Liu Bo <bo.li.liu@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
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btrfs_print_leaf() is used in btrfs_get_extent_inline_ref_type, so
here we really want to print the invalid value of ref type instead of
causing a kernel panic.
Signed-off-by: Liu Bo <bo.li.liu@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
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Now that btrfs_get_extent_inline_ref_type() can report if type is a
valid one and all callers can gracefully deal with that, we don't need
to crash here.
Signed-off-by: Liu Bo <bo.li.liu@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
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Since we have a helper which can do sanity check, this converts all
btrfs_extent_inline_ref_type to it.
Signed-off-by: Liu Bo <bo.li.liu@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
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An invalid value of extent inline ref type may be read from a
malicious image which may force btrfs to crash.
This adds a helper which does sanity check for the ref type, so we can
know if it's sane, return he type, otherwise return an error.
Signed-off-by: Liu Bo <bo.li.liu@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
[ minimal tweak const types, causing warnings due to other cleanup patches ]
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
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Minor simplification, merge calls to one.
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
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Use proper helpers for 64bit division.
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
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Use proper helpers for 64bit division and then cast to narrower type.
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
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flush_all_writes is an atomic but does not use the semantics at all,
it's just on/off indicator, we can use bool.
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
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When changing a file's acl mask, btrfs_set_acl() will first set the
group bits of i_mode to the value of the mask, and only then set the
actual extended attribute representing the new acl.
If the second part fails (due to lack of space, for example) and the
file had no acl attribute to begin with, the system will from now on
assume that the mask permission bits are actual group permission bits,
potentially granting access to the wrong users.
Prevent this by restoring the original mode bits if __btrfs_set_acl
fails.
Signed-off-by: Ernesto A. Fernández <ernesto.mnd.fernandez@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
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BTRFS_FIRST_CHUNK_TREE_OBJECTIS id the only objectid being used in the
chunk_tree. So remove a variable which is always set to that value and collapse
its usage in callees which are passed this variable. No functional changes
Signed-off-by: Nikolay Borisov <nborisov@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
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btrfs_make_block_group is always called with chunk_objectid set to
BTRFS_FIRST_CHUNK_TREE_OBJECTID. There's no reason why this behavior will
change anytime soon, so let's remove the argument and decrease the cognitive
load when reading the code path. No functional change
Signed-off-by: Nikolay Borisov <nborisov@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
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There is no need for the extra pair of parentheses, remove it. This
fixes the following warning when building with clang:
fs/btrfs/tree-log.c:3694:10: warning: equality comparison with extraneous
parentheses [-Wparentheses-equality]
if ((i == (nr - 1)))
~~^~~~~~~~~~~
Also remove the unnecessary parentheses around the substraction.
Signed-off-by: Matthias Kaehlcke <mka@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
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btrfs_alloc_dev_extent currently unconditionally sets the uuid in the
leaf block header the function is working with. This is unnecessary
since this operation is peformed by the core btree handling code
(splitting a node, allocating a new btree block etc). So let's remove
it.
Signed-off-by: Nikolay Borisov <nborisov@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
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This patch provides a band aid to improve the 'out of the box'
behaviour of btrfs for disks that are detected as being an ssd. In a
general purpose mixed workload scenario, the current ssd mode causes
overallocation of available raw disk space for data, while leaving
behind increasing amounts of unused fragmented free space. This
situation leads to early ENOSPC problems which are harming user
experience and adoption of btrfs as a general purpose filesystem.
This patch modifies the data extent allocation behaviour of the ssd mode
to make it behave identical to nossd mode. The metadata behaviour and
additional ssd_spread option stay untouched so far.
Recommendations for future development are to reconsider the current
oversimplified nossd / ssd distinction and the broken detection
mechanism based on the rotational attribute in sysfs and provide
experienced users with a more flexible way to choose allocator behaviour
for data and metadata, optimized for certain use cases, while keeping
sane 'out of the box' default settings. The internals of the current
btrfs code have more potential than what currently gets exposed to the
user to choose from.
The SSD story...
In the first year of btrfs development, around early 2008, btrfs
gained a mount option which enables specific functionality for
filesystems on solid state devices. The first occurance of this
functionality is in commit e18e4809, labeled "Add mount -o ssd, which
includes optimizations for seek free storage".
The effect on allocating free space for doing (data) writes is to
'cluster' writes together, writing them out in contiguous space, as
opposed to a 'tetris' way of putting all separate writes into any free
space fragment that fits (which is what the -o nossd behaviour does).
A somewhat simplified explanation of what happens is that, when for
example, the 'cluster' size is set to 2MiB, when we do some writes, the
data allocator will search for a free space block that is 2MiB big, and
put the writes in there. The ssd mode itself might allow a 2MiB cluster
to be composed of multiple free space extents with some existing data in
between, while the additional ssd_spread mount option kills off this
option and requires fully free space.
The idea behind this is (commit 536ac8ae): "The [...] clusters make it
more likely a given IO will completely overwrite the ssd block, so it
doesn't have to do an internal rwm cycle."; ssd block meaning nand erase
block. So, effectively this means applying a "locality based algorithm"
and trying to outsmart the actual ssd.
Since then, various changes have been made to the involved code, but the
basic idea is still present, and gets activated whenever the ssd mount
option is active. This also happens by default, when the rotational flag
as seen at /sys/block/<device>/queue/rotational is set to 0.
However, there's a number of problems with this approach.
First, what the optimization is trying to do is outsmart the ssd by
assuming there is a relation between the physical address space of the
block device as seen by btrfs and the actual physical storage of the
ssd, and then adjusting data placement. However, since the introduction
of the Flash Translation Layer (FTL) which is a part of the internal
controller of an ssd, these attempts are futile. The use of good quality
FTL in consumer ssd products might have been limited in 2008, but this
situation has changed drastically soon after that time. Today, even the
flash memory in your automatic cat feeding machine or your grandma's
wheelchair has a full featured one.
Second, the behaviour as described above results in the filesystem being
filled up with badly fragmented free space extents because of relatively
small pieces of space that are freed up by deletes, but not selected
again as part of a 'cluster'. Since the algorithm prefers allocating a
new chunk over going back to tetris mode, the end result is a filesystem
in which all raw space is allocated, but which is composed of
underutilized chunks with a 'shotgun blast' pattern of fragmented free
space. Usually, the next problematic thing that happens is the
filesystem wanting to allocate new space for metadata, which causes the
filesystem to fail in spectacular ways.
Third, the default mount options you get for an ssd ('ssd' mode enabled,
'discard' not enabled), in combination with spreading out writes over
the full address space and ignoring freed up space leads to worst case
behaviour in providing information to the ssd itself, since it will
never learn that all the free space left behind is actually free. There
are two ways to let an ssd know previously written data does not have to
be preserved, which are sending explicit signals using discard or
fstrim, or by simply overwriting the space with new data. The worst
case behaviour is the btrfs ssd_spread mount option in combination with
not having discard enabled. It has a side effect of minimizing the reuse
of free space previously written in.
Fourth, the rotational flag in /sys/ does not reliably indicate if the
device is a locally attached ssd. For example, iSCSI or NBD displays as
non-rotational, while a loop device on an ssd shows up as rotational.
The combination of the second and third problem effectively means that
despite all the good intentions, the btrfs ssd mode reliably causes the
ssd hardware and the filesystem structures and performance to be choked
to death. The clickbait version of the title of this story would have
been "Btrfs ssd optimizations considered harmful for ssds".
The current nossd 'tetris' mode (even still without discard) allows a
pattern of overwriting much more previously used space, causing many
more implicit discards to happen because of the overwrite information
the ssd gets. The actual location in the physical address space, as seen
from the point of view of btrfs is irrelevant, because the actual writes
to the low level flash are reordered anyway thanks to the FTL.
Changes made in the code
1. Make ssd mode data allocation identical to tetris mode, like nossd.
2. Adjust and clean up filesystem mount messages so that we can easily
identify if a kernel has this patch applied or not, when providing
support to end users. Also, make better use of the *_and_info helpers to
only trigger messages on actual state changes.
Backporting notes
Notes for whoever wants to backport this patch to their 4.9 LTS kernel:
* First apply commit 951e7966 "btrfs: drop the nossd flag when
remounting with -o ssd", or fixup the differences manually.
* The rest of the conflicts are because of the fs_info refactoring. So,
for example, instead of using fs_info, it's root->fs_info in
extent-tree.c
Signed-off-by: Hans van Kranenburg <hans.van.kranenburg@mendix.com>
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
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Although this bio has no data attached, it will reach this condition
(bio->bi_opf & REQ_PREFLUSH) and then update the flush_gen of dev_state
in __btrfsic_submit_bio. So we should still submit it through integrity
checker. Otherwise, the integrity checker will throw the following warning
when I mount a newly created btrfs filesystem.
[10264.755497] btrfs: attempt to write superblock which references block M @29523968 (sdb1/1111654400/0) which is not flushed out of disk's write cache (block flush_gen=1, dev->flush_gen=0)!
[10264.755498] btrfs: attempt to write superblock which references block M @29523968 (sdb1/37912576/0) which is not flushed out of disk's write cache (block flush_gen=1, dev->flush_gen=0)!
Signed-off-by: Lu Fengqi <lufq.fnst@cn.fujitsu.com>
Reviewed-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
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