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- Capture the the user namespace that creates the pid namespace
- Use that user namespace to test if it is ok to write to
/proc/sys/kernel/ns_last_pid.
Zhao Hongjiang <zhaohongjiang@huawei.com> noticed I was missing a put_user_ns
in when destroying a pid_ns. I have foloded his patch into this one
so that bisects will work properly.
Acked-by: Serge Hallyn <serge.hallyn@canonical.com>
Signed-off-by: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
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The user namespace which creates a new network namespace owns that
namespace and all resources created in it. This way we can target
capability checks for privileged operations against network resources to
the user_ns which created the network namespace in which the resource
lives. Privilege to the user namespace which owns the network
namespace, or any parent user namespace thereof, provides the same
privilege to the network resource.
This patch is reworked from a version originally by
Serge E. Hallyn <serge.hallyn@canonical.com>
Acked-by: Serge Hallyn <serge.hallyn@canonical.com>
Signed-off-by: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
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Merge misc fixes from Andrew Morton:
"18 total. 15 fixes and some updates to a device_cgroup patchset which
bring it up to date with the version which I should have merged in the
first place."
* emailed patches from Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>: (18 patches)
fs/compat_ioctl.c: VIDEO_SET_SPU_PALETTE missing error check
gen_init_cpio: avoid stack overflow when expanding
drivers/rtc/rtc-imxdi.c: add missing spin lock initialization
mm, numa: avoid setting zone_reclaim_mode unless a node is sufficiently distant
pidns: limit the nesting depth of pid namespaces
drivers/dma/dw_dmac: make driver's endianness configurable
mm/mmu_notifier: allocate mmu_notifier in advance
tools/testing/selftests/epoll/test_epoll.c: fix build
UAPI: fix tools/vm/page-types.c
mm/page_alloc.c:alloc_contig_range(): return early for err path
rbtree: include linux/compiler.h for definition of __always_inline
genalloc: stop crashing the system when destroying a pool
backlight: ili9320: add missing SPI dependency
device_cgroup: add proper checking when changing default behavior
device_cgroup: stop using simple_strtoul()
device_cgroup: rename deny_all to behavior
cgroup: fix invalid rcu dereference
mm: fix XFS oops due to dirty pages without buffers on s390
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'struct pid' is a "variable sized struct" - a header with an array of
upids at the end.
The size of the array depends on a level (depth) of pid namespaces. Now a
level of pidns is not limited, so 'struct pid' can be more than one page.
Looks reasonable, that it should be less than a page. MAX_PIS_NS_LEVEL is
not calculated from PAGE_SIZE, because in this case it depends on
architectures, config options and it will be reduced, if someone adds a
new fields in struct pid or struct upid.
I suggest to set MAX_PIS_NS_LEVEL = 32, because it saves ability to expand
"struct pid" and it's more than enough for all known for me use-cases.
When someone finds a reasonable use case, we can add a config option or a
sysctl parameter.
In addition it will reduce the effect of another problem, when we have
many nested namespaces and the oldest one starts dying.
zap_pid_ns_processe will be called for each namespace and find_vpid will
be called for each process in a namespace. find_vpid will be called
minimum max_level^2 / 2 times. The reason of that is that when we found a
bit in pidmap, we can't determine this pidns is top for this process or it
isn't.
vpid is a heavy operation, so a fork bomb, which create many nested
namespace, can make a system inaccessible for a long time. For example my
system becomes inaccessible for a few minutes with 4000 processes.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: return -EINVAL in response to excessive nesting, not -ENOMEM]
Signed-off-by: Andrew Vagin <avagin@openvz.org>
Acked-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Cyrill Gorcunov <gorcunov@openvz.org>
Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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If one includes documentation for an external tool, it should be
correct. This is not:
1. Overriding the input to rngd should typically be neither
necessary nor desired. This is especially so since newer
versions of rngd support a number of different *types* of sources.
2. The default kernel-exported device is called /dev/hwrng not
/dev/hwrandom nor /dev/hw_random (both of which were used in the
past; however, kernel and udev seem to have converged on
/dev/hwrng.)
Overall it is better if the documentation for rngd is kept with rngd
rather than in a kernel Makefile.
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Cc: Jeff Garzik <jgarzik@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/cgroup
Pull cgroup fixes from Tejun Heo:
"This pull request contains three fixes.
Two are reverts of task_lock() removal in cgroup fork path. The
optimizations incorrectly assumed that threadgroup_lock can protect
process forks (as opposed to thread creations) too. Further cleanup
of cgroup fork path is scheduled.
The third fixes cgroup emptiness notification loss."
* 'for-3.7-fixes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/cgroup:
Revert "cgroup: Remove task_lock() from cgroup_post_fork()"
Revert "cgroup: Drop task_lock(parent) on cgroup_fork()"
cgroup: notify_on_release may not be triggered in some cases
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This reverts commit 7e3aa30ac8c904a706518b725c451bb486daaae9.
The commit incorrectly assumed that fork path always performed
threadgroup_change_begin/end() and depended on that for
synchronization against task exit and cgroup migration paths instead
of explicitly grabbing task_lock().
threadgroup_change is not locked when forking a new process (as
opposed to a new thread in the same process) and even if it were it
wouldn't be effective as different processes use different threadgroup
locks.
Revert the incorrect optimization.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
LKML-Reference: <20121008020000.GB2575@localhost>
Acked-by: Li Zefan <lizefan@huawei.com>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
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This reverts commit 7e381b0eb1e1a9805c37335562e8dc02e7d7848c.
The commit incorrectly assumed that fork path always performed
threadgroup_change_begin/end() and depended on that for
synchronization against task exit and cgroup migration paths instead
of explicitly grabbing task_lock().
threadgroup_change is not locked when forking a new process (as
opposed to a new thread in the same process) and even if it were it
wouldn't be effective as different processes use different threadgroup
locks.
Revert the incorrect optimization.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
LKML-Reference: <20121008020000.GB2575@localhost>
Acked-by: Li Zefan <lizefan@huawei.com>
Bitterly-Acked-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
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notify_on_release must be triggered when the last process in a cgroup is
move to another. But if the first(and only) process in a cgroup is moved to
another, notify_on_release is not triggered.
# mkdir /cgroup/cpu/SRC
# mkdir /cgroup/cpu/DST
#
# echo 1 >/cgroup/cpu/SRC/notify_on_release
# echo 1 >/cgroup/cpu/DST/notify_on_release
#
# sleep 300 &
[1] 8629
#
# echo 8629 >/cgroup/cpu/SRC/tasks
# echo 8629 >/cgroup/cpu/DST/tasks
-> notify_on_release for /SRC must be triggered at this point,
but it isn't.
This is because put_css_set() is called before setting CGRP_RELEASABLE
in cgroup_task_migrate(), and is a regression introduce by the
commit:74a1166d(cgroups: make procs file writable), which was merged
into v3.0.
Cc: Ben Blum <bblum@andrew.cmu.edu>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # v3.0.x and later
Acked-by: Li Zefan <lizefan@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Daisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp>
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/wq
Pull workqueue fix from Tejun Heo:
"This pull request contains one patch from Dan Magenheimer to fix
cancel_delayed_work() regression introduced by its reimplementation
using try_to_grab_pending(). The reimplementation made it incorrectly
return %true when the work item is idle.
There aren't too many consumers of the return value but it broke at
least ramster."
* 'for-3.7-fixes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/wq:
workqueue: cancel_delayed_work() should return %false if work item is idle
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57b30ae77b ("workqueue: reimplement cancel_delayed_work() using
try_to_grab_pending()") made cancel_delayed_work() always return %true
unless someone else is also trying to cancel the work item, which is
broken - if the target work item is idle, the return value should be
%false.
try_to_grab_pending() indicates that the target work item was idle by
zero return value. Use it for return. Note that this brings
cancel_delayed_work() in line with __cancel_work_timer() in return
value handling.
Signed-off-by: Dan Magenheimer <dan.magenheimer@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
LKML-Reference: <444a6439-b1a4-4740-9e7e-bc37267cfe73@default>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip
Pull perf fixes from Ingo Molnar:
"Most of these are uprobes race fixes from Oleg, and their preparatory
cleanups. (It's larger than what I'd normally send for an -rc kernel,
but they looked significant enough to not delay them.)
There's also an oprofile fix and an uncore PMU fix."
* 'perf-urgent-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (22 commits)
perf/x86: Disable uncore on virtualized CPUs
oprofile, x86: Fix wrapping bug in op_x86_get_ctrl()
ring-buffer: Check for uninitialized cpu buffer before resizing
uprobes: Fix the racy uprobe->flags manipulation
uprobes: Fix prepare_uprobe() race with itself
uprobes: Introduce prepare_uprobe()
uprobes: Fix handle_swbp() vs unregister() + register() race
uprobes: Do not delete uprobe if uprobe_unregister() fails
uprobes: Don't return success if alloc_uprobe() fails
uprobes/x86: Only rep+nop can be emulated correctly
uprobes: Simplify is_swbp_at_addr(), remove stale comments
uprobes: Kill set_orig_insn()->is_swbp_at_addr()
uprobes: Introduce copy_opcode(), kill read_opcode()
uprobes: Kill set_swbp()->is_swbp_at_addr()
uprobes: Restrict valid_vma(false) to skip VM_SHARED vmas
uprobes: Change valid_vma() to demand VM_MAYEXEC rather than VM_EXEC
uprobes: Change write_opcode() to use FOLL_FORCE
uprobes: Move clear_thread_flag(TIF_UPROBE) to uprobe_notify_resume()
uprobes: Kill UTASK_BP_HIT state
uprobes: Fix UPROBE_SKIP_SSTEP checks in handle_swbp()
...
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rostedt/linux-trace into perf/urgent
Pull ftrace ring-buffer resizing fix from Steve Rostedt.
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
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With a system where, num_present_cpus < num_possible_cpus, even if all
CPUs are online, non-present CPUs don't have per_cpu buffers allocated.
If per_cpu/<cpu>/buffer_size_kb is modified for such a CPU, it can cause
a panic due to NULL dereference in ring_buffer_resize().
To fix this, resize operation is allowed only if the per-cpu buffer has
been initialized.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1349912427-6486-1-git-send-email-vnagarnaik@google.com
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # 3.5+
Signed-off-by: Vaibhav Nagarnaik <vnagarnaik@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/oleg/misc into perf/urgent
Pull various uprobes bugfixes from Oleg Nesterov - mostly race and
failure path fixes.
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
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Multiple threads can manipulate uprobe->flags, this is obviously
unsafe. For example mmap can set UPROBE_COPY_INSN while register
tries to set UPROBE_RUN_HANDLER, the latter can also race with
can_skip_sstep() which clears UPROBE_SKIP_SSTEP.
Change this code to use bitops.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
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install_breakpoint() is called under mm->mmap_sem, this protects
set_swbp() but not prepare_uprobe(). Two or more different tasks
can call install_breakpoint()->prepare_uprobe() at the same time,
this leads to numerous problems if UPROBE_COPY_INSN is not set.
Just for example, the second copy_insn() can corrupt the already
analyzed/fixuped uprobe->arch.insn and race with handle_swbp().
This patch simply adds uprobe->copy_mutex to serialize this code.
We could probably reuse ->consumer_rwsem, but this would mean that
consumer->handler() can not use mm->mmap_sem, not good.
Note: this is another temporary ugly hack until we move this logic
into uprobe_register().
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
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Preparation. Extract the copy_insn/arch_uprobe_analyze_insn code
from install_breakpoint() into the new helper, prepare_uprobe().
And move uprobe->flags defines from uprobes.h to uprobes.c, nobody
else can use them anyway.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
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Strictly speaking this race was added by me in 56bb4cf6. However
I think that this bug is just another indication that we should
move copy_insn/uprobe_analyze_insn code from install_breakpoint()
to uprobe_register(), there are a lot of other reasons for that.
Until then, add a hack to close the race.
A task can hit uprobe U1, but before it calls find_uprobe() this
uprobe can be unregistered *AND* another uprobe U2 can be added to
uprobes_tree at the same inode/offset. In this case handle_swbp()
will use the not-fully-initialized U2, in particular its arch.insn
for xol.
Add the additional !UPROBE_COPY_INSN check into handle_swbp(),
if this flag is not set we simply restart as if the new uprobe was
not inserted yet. This is not very nice, we need barriers, but we
will remove this hack when we change uprobe_register().
Note: with or without this patch install_breakpoint() can race with
itself, yet another reson to kill UPROBE_COPY_INSN altogether. And
even the usage of uprobe->flags is not safe. See the next patches.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
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delete_uprobe() must not be called if register_for_each_vma(false)
fails to remove all breakpoints, __uprobe_unregister() is correct.
The problem is that register_for_each_vma(false) always returns 0
and thus this logic does not work.
1. Change verify_opcode() to return 0 rather than -EINVAL when
unregister detects the !is_swbp insn, we can treat this case
as success and currently unregister paths ignore the error
code anyway.
2. Change remove_breakpoint() to propagate the error code from
write_opcode().
3. Change register_for_each_vma(is_register => false) to remove
as much breakpoints as possible but return non-zero if
remove_breakpoint() fails at least once.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
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If alloc_uprobe() fails uprobe_register() should return ENOMEM, not 0.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
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After the previous change is_swbp_at_addr() is always called with
current->mm. Remove this check and move it close to its single caller.
Also, remove the obsolete comment about is_swbp_at_addr() and
uprobe_state.count.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
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Unlike set_swbp(), set_orig_insn()->is_swbp_at_addr() makes sense,
although it can't prevent all confusions.
But the usage of is_swbp_at_addr() is equally confusing, and it adds
the extra get_user_pages() we can avoid.
This patch removes set_orig_insn()->is_swbp_at_addr() but changes
write_opcode() to do the necessary checks before replace_page().
Perhaps it also makes sense to ensure PAGE_MAPPING_ANON in unregister
case.
find_active_uprobe() becomes the only user of is_swbp_at_addr(),
we can change its semantics.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
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No functional changes, preparations.
1. Extract the kmap-and-memcpy code from read_opcode() into the
new trivial helper, copy_opcode(). The next patch will add
another user.
2. read_opcode() becomes really trivial, fold it into its single
caller, is_swbp_at_addr().
3. Remove "auprobe" argument from write_opcode(), it is not used
since f403072c6.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
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A separate patch for better documentation.
set_swbp()->is_swbp_at_addr() is not needed for correctness, it is
harmless to do the unnecessary __replace_page(old_page, new_page)
when these 2 pages are identical.
And it can not be counted as optimization. mmap/register races are
very unlikely, while in the likely case is_swbp_at_addr() adds the
extra get_user_pages() even if the caller is uprobe_mmap(current->mm)
and returns false.
Note also that the semantics/usage of is_swbp_at_addr() in uprobe.c
is confusing. set_swbp() uses it to detect the case when this insn
was already modified by uprobes, that is why it should always compare
the opcode with UPROBE_SWBP_INSN even if the hardware (like powerpc)
has other trap insns. It doesn't matter if this breakpoint was in fact
installed by gdb or application itself, we are going to "steal" this
breakpoint anyway and execute the original insn from vm_file even if
it no longer matches the memory.
OTOH, handle_swbp()->find_active_uprobe() uses is_swbp_at_addr() to
figure out whether we need to send SIGTRAP or not if we can not find
uprobe, so in this case it should return true for all trap variants,
not only for UPROBE_SWBP_INSN.
This patch removes set_swbp()->is_swbp_at_addr(), the next patches
will remove it from set_orig_insn() which is similar to set_swbp()
in this respect. So the only caller will be handle_swbp() and we
can make its semantics clear.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
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valid_vma(false) ignores ->vm_flags, this is not actually right.
We should never try to write into MAP_SHARED mapping, this can
confuse an apllication which actually writes to ->vm_file.
With this patch valid_vma(false) ignores VM_WRITE only but checks
other (immutable) bits checked by valid_vma(true). This can also
speedup uprobe_munmap() and uprobe_unregister().
Note: even after this patch _unregister can confuse the probed
application if it does mprotect(PROT_WRITE) after _register and
installs "int3", but this is hardly possible to avoid and this
doesn't differ from gdb case.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
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uprobe_register() or uprobe_mmap() requires VM_READ | VM_EXEC, this
is not right. An apllication can do mprotect(PROT_EXEC) later and
execute this code.
Change valid_vma(is_register => true) to check VM_MAYEXEC instead.
No need to check VM_MAYREAD, it is always set.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
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write_opcode()->get_user_pages() needs FOLL_FORCE to ensure we can
read the page even if the probed task did mprotect(PROT_NONE) after
uprobe_register(). Without FOLL_WRITE, FOLL_FORCE doesn't have any
side effect but allows to read the !VM_READ memory.
Otherwiese the subsequent uprobe_unregister()->set_orig_insn() fails
and we leak "int3". If that task does mprotect(PROT_READ | EXEC) and
execute the probed insn later it will be killed.
Note: in fact this is also needed for _register, see the next patch.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
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Move clear_thread_flag(TIF_UPROBE) from do_notify_resume() to
uprobe_notify_resume() for !CONFIG_UPROBES case.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
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Kill UTASK_BP_HIT state, it buys nothing but complicates the code.
It is only used in uprobe_notify_resume() to decide who should be
called, we can check utask->active_uprobe != NULL instead. And this
allows us to simplify handle_swbp(), no need to clear utask->state.
Likewise we could kill UTASK_SSTEP, but UTASK_BP_HIT is worse and
imho should die. The problem is, it creates the special case when
task->utask is NULL, we can't distinguish RUNNING and BP_HIT. With
this patch utask == NULL always means RUNNING.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
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If handle_swbp()->add_utask() fails but UPROBE_SKIP_SSTEP is set,
cleanup_ret: path do not restart the insn, this is wrong. Remove
this check and add the additional label for can_skip_sstep() = T
case.
Note also that UPROBE_SKIP_SSTEP can be false positive, we simply
can not trust it unless arch_uprobe_skip_sstep() was already called.
Also, move another UPROBE_SKIP_SSTEP check before can_skip_sstep()
into this helper, this looks more clean and understandable.
Note: probably we should rename "skip" to "emulate" and I think
that "clear UPROBE_SKIP_SSTEP" should be moved to arch_can_skip.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
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handle_swbp() sets utask->active_uprobe before handler_chain(),
and UTASK_SSTEP before pre_ssout(). This complicates the code
for no reason, arch_ hooks or consumer->handler() should not
(and can't) use this info.
Change handle_swbp() to initialize them after pre_ssout(), and
remove the no longer needed cleanup-utask code.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
cked-by: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
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If handle_swbp()->find_active_uprobe() fails we return with
utask->state = UTASK_BP_HIT.
Change handle_swbp() to reset utask->state at the start. Note
that we do this unconditionally, see the next patch(es).
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
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Fix the warning:
kernel/module_signing.c:195:2: warning: format '%lu' expects type 'long unsigned int', but argument 3 has type 'size_t'
by using the proper 'z' modifier for printing a size_t.
Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@xenotime.net>
Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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The min/max call needed to have explicit types on some architectures
(e.g. mn10300). Use clamp_t instead to avoid the warning:
kernel/sys.c: In function 'override_release':
kernel/sys.c:1287:10: warning: comparison of distinct pointer types lacks a cast [enabled by default]
Reported-by: Fengguang Wu <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Emit the magic string that indicates a module has a signature after the
signature data instead of before it. This allows module_sig_check() to
be made simpler and faster by the elimination of the search for the
magic string. Instead we just need to do a single memcmp().
This works because at the end of the signature data there is the
fixed-length signature information block. This block then falls
immediately prior to the magic number.
From the contents of the information block, it is trivial to calculate
the size of the signature data and thus the size of the actual module
data.
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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free_pid_ns() operates in a recursive fashion:
free_pid_ns(parent)
put_pid_ns(parent)
kref_put(&ns->kref, free_pid_ns);
free_pid_ns
thus if there was a huge nesting of namespaces the userspace may trigger
avalanche calling of free_pid_ns leading to kernel stack exhausting and a
panic eventually.
This patch turns the recursion into an iterative loop.
Based on a patch by Andrew Vagin.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: export put_pid_ns() to modules]
Signed-off-by: Cyrill Gorcunov <gorcunov@openvz.org>
Cc: Andrew Vagin <avagin@openvz.org>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com>
Cc: Greg KH <greg@kroah.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Calling uname() with the UNAME26 personality set allows a leak of kernel
stack contents. This fixes it by defensively calculating the length of
copy_to_user() call, making the len argument unsigned, and initializing
the stack buffer to zero (now technically unneeded, but hey, overkill).
CVE-2012-0957
Reported-by: PaX Team <pageexec@freemail.hu>
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: PaX Team <pageexec@freemail.hu>
Cc: Brad Spengler <spender@grsecurity.net>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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The console_cpu_notify() function runs with interrupts disabled in the
CPU_DYING case. It therefore cannot block, for example, as will happen
when it calls console_lock(). Therefore, remove the CPU_DYING leg of
the switch statement to avoid this problem.
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Srivatsa S. Bhat <srivatsa.bhat@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rusty/linux
Pull module signing support from Rusty Russell:
"module signing is the highlight, but it's an all-over David Howells frenzy..."
Hmm "Magrathea: Glacier signing key". Somebody has been reading too much HHGTTG.
* 'modules-next' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rusty/linux: (37 commits)
X.509: Fix indefinite length element skip error handling
X.509: Convert some printk calls to pr_devel
asymmetric keys: fix printk format warning
MODSIGN: Fix 32-bit overflow in X.509 certificate validity date checking
MODSIGN: Make mrproper should remove generated files.
MODSIGN: Use utf8 strings in signer's name in autogenerated X.509 certs
MODSIGN: Use the same digest for the autogen key sig as for the module sig
MODSIGN: Sign modules during the build process
MODSIGN: Provide a script for generating a key ID from an X.509 cert
MODSIGN: Implement module signature checking
MODSIGN: Provide module signing public keys to the kernel
MODSIGN: Automatically generate module signing keys if missing
MODSIGN: Provide Kconfig options
MODSIGN: Provide gitignore and make clean rules for extra files
MODSIGN: Add FIPS policy
module: signature checking hook
X.509: Add a crypto key parser for binary (DER) X.509 certificates
MPILIB: Provide a function to read raw data into an MPI
X.509: Add an ASN.1 decoder
X.509: Add simple ASN.1 grammar compiler
...
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It doesn't, because the clean targets don't include kernel/Makefile, and
because two files were missing from the list.
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
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Place an indication that the certificate should use utf8 strings into the
x509.genkey template generated by kernel/Makefile.
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
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Use the same digest type for the autogenerated key signature as for the module
signature so that the hash algorithm is guaranteed to be present in the kernel.
Without this, the X.509 certificate loader may reject the X.509 certificate so
generated because it was self-signed and the signature will be checked against
itself - but this won't work if the digest algorithm must be loaded as a
module.
The symptom is that the key fails to load with the following message emitted
into the kernel log:
MODSIGN: Problem loading in-kernel X.509 certificate (-65)
the error in brackets being -ENOPKG. What you should see is something like:
MODSIGN: Loaded cert 'Magarathea: Glacier signing key: 9588321144239a119d3406d4c4cf1fbae1836fa0'
Note that this doesn't apply to certificates that are not self-signed as we
don't check those currently as they require the parent CA certificate to be
available.
Reported-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
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Check the signature on the module against the keys compiled into the kernel or
available in a hardware key store.
Currently, only RSA keys are supported - though that's easy enough to change,
and the signature is expected to contain raw components (so not a PGP or
PKCS#7 formatted blob).
The signature blob is expected to consist of the following pieces in order:
(1) The binary identifier for the key. This is expected to match the
SubjectKeyIdentifier from an X.509 certificate. Only X.509 type
identifiers are currently supported.
(2) The signature data, consisting of a series of MPIs in which each is in
the format of a 2-byte BE word sizes followed by the content data.
(3) A 12 byte information block of the form:
struct module_signature {
enum pkey_algo algo : 8;
enum pkey_hash_algo hash : 8;
enum pkey_id_type id_type : 8;
u8 __pad;
__be32 id_length;
__be32 sig_length;
};
The three enums are defined in crypto/public_key.h.
'algo' contains the public-key algorithm identifier (0->DSA, 1->RSA).
'hash' contains the digest algorithm identifier (0->MD4, 1->MD5, 2->SHA1,
etc.).
'id_type' contains the public-key identifier type (0->PGP, 1->X.509).
'__pad' should be 0.
'id_length' should contain in the binary identifier length in BE form.
'sig_length' should contain in the signature data length in BE form.
The lengths are in BE order rather than CPU order to make dealing with
cross-compilation easier.
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au> (minor Kconfig fix)
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Include a PGP keyring containing the public keys required to perform module
verification in the kernel image during build and create a special keyring
during boot which is then populated with keys of crypto type holding the public
keys found in the PGP keyring.
These can be seen by root:
[root@andromeda ~]# cat /proc/keys
07ad4ee0 I----- 1 perm 3f010000 0 0 crypto modsign.0: RSA 87b9b3bd []
15c7f8c3 I----- 1 perm 1f030000 0 0 keyring .module_sign: 1/4
...
It is probably worth permitting root to invalidate these keys, resulting in
their removal and preventing further modules from being loaded with that key.
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
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Automatically generate keys for module signing if they're absent so that
allyesconfig doesn't break. The builder should consider generating their own
key and certificate, however, so that the keys are appropriately named.
The private key for the module signer should be placed in signing_key.priv
(unencrypted!) and the public key in an X.509 certificate as signing_key.x509.
If a transient key is desired for signing the modules, a config file for
'openssl req' can be placed in x509.genkey, looking something like the
following:
[ req ]
default_bits = 4096
distinguished_name = req_distinguished_name
prompt = no
x509_extensions = myexts
[ req_distinguished_name ]
O = Magarathea
CN = Glacier signing key
emailAddress = slartibartfast@magrathea.h2g2
[ myexts ]
basicConstraints=critical,CA:FALSE
keyUsage=digitalSignature
subjectKeyIdentifier=hash
authorityKeyIdentifier=hash
The build process will use this to configure:
openssl req -new -nodes -utf8 -sha1 -days 36500 -batch \
-x509 -config x509.genkey \
-outform DER -out signing_key.x509 \
-keyout signing_key.priv
to generate the key.
Note that it is required that the X.509 certificate have a subjectKeyIdentifier
and an authorityKeyIdentifier. Without those, the certificate will be
rejected. These can be used to check the validity of a certificate.
Note that 'make distclean' will remove signing_key.{priv,x509} and x509.genkey,
whether or not they were generated automatically.
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
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If we're in FIPS mode, we should panic if we fail to verify the signature on a
module or we're asked to load an unsigned module in signature enforcing mode.
Possibly FIPS mode should automatically enable enforcing mode.
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
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We do a very simple search for a particular string appended to the module
(which is cache-hot and about to be SHA'd anyway). There's both a config
option and a boot parameter which control whether we accept or fail with
unsigned modules and modules that are signed with an unknown key.
If module signing is enabled, the kernel will be tainted if a module is
loaded that is unsigned or has a signature for which we don't have the
key.
(Useful feedback and tweaks by David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>)
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
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The original module-init-tools module loader used a fnctl lock on the
.ko file to avoid attempts to simultaneously load a module.
Unfortunately, you can't get an exclusive fcntl lock on a read-only
fd, making this not work for read-only mounted filesystems.
module-init-tools has a hacky sleep-and-loop for this now.
It's not that hard to wait in the kernel, and only return -EEXIST once
the first module has finished loading (or continue loading the module
if the first one failed to initialize for some reason). It's also
consistent with what we do for dependent modules which are still loading.
Suggested-by: Lucas De Marchi <lucas.demarchi@profusion.mobi>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
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We use resolve_symbol_wait(), which blocks if the module containing
the symbol is still loading. However:
1) The module_wq we use is only woken after calling the modules' init
function, but there are other failure paths after the module is
placed in the linked list where we need to do the same thing.
2) wake_up() only wakes one waiter, and our waitqueue is shared by all
modules, so we need to wake them all.
3) wake_up_all() doesn't imply a memory barrier: I feel happier calling
it after we've grabbed and dropped the module_mutex, not just after
the state assignment.
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
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