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* mm: pagecache insertion fewer atomicsNick Piggin2008-10-201-2/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | Setting and clearing the page locked when inserting it into swapcache / pagecache when it has no other references can use non-atomic page flags operations because no other CPU may be operating on it at this time. This saves one atomic operation when inserting a page into pagecache. Signed-off-by: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* vmscan: add newly swapped in pages to the inactive listRik van Riel2008-10-201-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Swapin_readahead can read in a lot of data that the processes in memory never need. Adding swap cache pages to the inactive list prevents them from putting too much pressure on the working set. This has the potential to help the programs that are already in memory, but it could also be a disadvantage to processes that are trying to get swapped in. Signed-off-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* vmscan: split LRU lists into anon & file setsRik van Riel2008-10-201-2/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Split the LRU lists in two, one set for pages that are backed by real file systems ("file") and one for pages that are backed by memory and swap ("anon"). The latter includes tmpfs. The advantage of doing this is that the VM will not have to scan over lots of anonymous pages (which we generally do not want to swap out), just to find the page cache pages that it should evict. This patch has the infrastructure and a basic policy to balance how much we scan the anon lists and how much we scan the file lists. The big policy changes are in separate patches. [lee.schermerhorn@hp.com: collect lru meminfo statistics from correct offset] [kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com: prevent incorrect oom under split_lru] [kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com: fix pagevec_move_tail() doesn't treat unevictable page] [hugh@veritas.com: memcg swapbacked pages active] [hugh@veritas.com: splitlru: BDI_CAP_SWAP_BACKED] [akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix /proc/vmstat units] [nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp: memcg: fix handling of shmem migration] [kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com: adjust Quicklists field of /proc/meminfo] [kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com: fix style issue of get_scan_ratio()] Signed-off-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Lee Schermerhorn <Lee.Schermerhorn@hp.com> Signed-off-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com> Signed-off-by: Daisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* define page_file_cache() functionRik van Riel2008-10-201-0/+3
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Define page_file_cache() function to answer the question: is page backed by a file? Originally part of Rik van Riel's split-lru patch. Extracted to make available for other, independent reclaim patches. Moved inline function to linux/mm_inline.h where it will be needed by subsequent "split LRU" and "noreclaim" patches. Unfortunately this needs to use a page flag, since the PG_swapbacked state needs to be preserved all the way to the point where the page is last removed from the LRU. Trying to derive the status from other info in the page resulted in wrong VM statistics in earlier split VM patchsets. The total number of page flags in use on a 32 bit machine after this patch is 19. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix up out-of-order merge fallout] [hugh@veritas.com: splitlru: shmem_getpage SetPageSwapBacked sooner[ Signed-off-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Lee Schermerhorn <lee.schermerhorn@hp.com> Signed-off-by: MinChan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm: show free swap as signedHugh Dickins2008-08-211-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | Adjust <Alt><SysRq>m show_swap_cache_info() to show "Free swap" as a signed long: the signed format is preferable, because during swapoff nr_swap_pages can legitimately go negative, so makes more sense thus (it used to be shown redundantly, once as signed and once as unsigned). Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com> Reviewed-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm: rename page trylockNick Piggin2008-08-051-4/+4
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Converting page lock to new locking bitops requires a change of page flag operation naming, so we might as well convert it to something nicer (!TestSetPageLocked_Lock => trylock_page, SetPageLocked => set_page_locked). This also facilitates lockdeping of page lock. Signed-off-by: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de> Acked-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Acked-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Acked-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm: print swapcache page count in show_swap_cache_info()Johannes Weiner2008-07-261-1/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Every arch implements its own show_mem() function. Most of them share quite some code, some of them are completely identical. This series implements a generic version of this function and migrates almost all architectures to it. This patch: Most show_mem() implementations calculate the amount of pages within the swapcache every time. Move the output to a more appropriate place and use the anyway available total_swapcache_pages variable. Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@saeurebad.de> Cc: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net> Cc: Ivan Kokshaysky <ink@jurassic.park.msu.ru> Cc: Haavard Skinnemoen <hskinnemoen@atmel.com> Cc: Bryan Wu <cooloney@kernel.org> Cc: Chris Zankel <chris@zankel.net> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: Jeff Dike <jdike@addtoit.com> Cc: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Cc: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org> Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com> Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com> Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org> Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Cc: Yoshinori Sato <ysato@users.sourceforge.jp> Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org> Cc: Greg Ungerer <gerg@uclinux.org> Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org> Cc: Roman Zippel <zippel@linux-m68k.org> Cc: Hirokazu Takata <takata@linux-m32r.org> Cc: Mikael Starvik <starvik@axis.com> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm: spinlock tree_lockNick Piggin2008-07-261-5/+5
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | mapping->tree_lock has no read lockers. convert the lock from an rwlock to a spinlock. Signed-off-by: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de> Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org> Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com> Cc: "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@us.ibm.com> Reviewed-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm: speculative page referencesNick Piggin2008-07-261-5/+12
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | If we can be sure that elevating the page_count on a pagecache page will pin it, we can speculatively run this operation, and subsequently check to see if we hit the right page rather than relying on holding a lock or otherwise pinning a reference to the page. This can be done if get_page/put_page behaves consistently throughout the whole tree (ie. if we "get" the page after it has been used for something else, we must be able to free it with a put_page). Actually, there is a period where the count behaves differently: when the page is free or if it is a constituent page of a compound page. We need an atomic_inc_not_zero operation to ensure we don't try to grab the page in either case. This patch introduces the core locking protocol to the pagecache (ie. adds page_cache_get_speculative, and tweaks some update-side code to make it work). Thanks to Hugh for pointing out an improvement to the algorithm setting page_count to zero when we have control of all references, in order to hold off speculative getters. [kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com: fix migration_entry_wait()] [hugh@veritas.com: fix add_to_page_cache] [akpm@linux-foundation.org: repair a comment] Signed-off-by: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de> Cc: Jeff Garzik <jeff@garzik.org> Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org> Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com> Cc: "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@us.ibm.com> Reviewed-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl> Signed-off-by: Daisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp> Signed-off-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com> Signed-off-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com> Acked-by: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm: bdi: add separate writeback accounting capabilityMiklos Szeredi2008-04-301-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Add a new BDI capability flag: BDI_CAP_NO_ACCT_WB. If this flag is set, then don't update the per-bdi writeback stats from test_set_page_writeback() and test_clear_page_writeback(). Misc cleanups: - convert bdi_cap_writeback_dirty() and friends to static inline functions - create a flag that includes all three dirty/writeback related flags, since almst all users will want to have them toghether Signed-off-by: Miklos Szeredi <mszeredi@suse.cz> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm: fix various kernel-doc commentsRandy Dunlap2008-03-201-0/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Fix various kernel-doc notation in mm/: filemap.c: add function short description; convert 2 to kernel-doc fremap.c: change parameter 'prot' to @prot pagewalk.c: change "-" in function parameters to ":" slab.c: fix short description of kmem_ptr_validate() swap.c: fix description & parameters of put_pages_list() swap_state.c: fix function parameters vmalloc.c: change "@returns" to "Returns:" since that is not a parameter Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* memcgroup: revert swap_state modsHugh Dickins2008-02-071-12/+1Star
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | If we're charging rss and we're charging cache, it seems obvious that we should be charging swapcache - as has been done. But in practice that doesn't work out so well: both swapin readahead and swapoff leave the majority of pages charged to the wrong cgroup (the cgroup that happened to read them in, rather than the cgroup to which they belong). (Which is why unuse_pte's GFP_KERNEL while holding pte lock never showed up as a problem: no allocation was ever done there, every page read being already charged to the cgroup which initiated the swapoff.) It all works rather better if we leave the charging to do_swap_page and unuse_pte, and do nothing for swapcache itself: revert mm/swap_state.c to what it was before the memory-controller patches. This also speeds up significantly a contained process working at its limit: because it no longer needs to keep waiting for swap writeback to complete. Is it unfair that swap pages become uncharged once they're unmapped, even though they're still clearly private to particular cgroups? For a short while, yes; but PageReclaim arranges for those pages to go to the end of the inactive list and be reclaimed soon if necessary. shmem/tmpfs pages are a distinct case: their charging also benefits from this change, but their second life on the lists as swapcache pages may prove more unfair - that I need to check next. Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com> Cc: Pavel Emelianov <xemul@openvz.org> Acked-by: Balbir Singh <balbir@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Paul Menage <menage@google.com> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl> Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com> Cc: Nick Piggin <nickpiggin@yahoo.com.au> Cc: Kirill Korotaev <dev@sw.ru> Cc: Herbert Poetzl <herbert@13thfloor.at> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: Vaidyanathan Srinivasan <svaidy@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* memory controller BUG_ON()Balbir Singh2008-02-071-6/+7
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Move mem_controller_cache_charge() above radix_tree_preload(). radix_tree_preload() disables preemption, even though the gfp_mask passed contains __GFP_WAIT, we cannot really do __GFP_WAIT allocations, thus we hit a BUG_ON() in kmem_cache_alloc(). This patch moves mem_controller_cache_charge() to above radix_tree_preload() for cache charging. Signed-off-by: Balbir Singh <balbir@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* Memory controller: make charging gfp mask awareBalbir Singh2008-02-071-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Nick Piggin pointed out that swap cache and page cache addition routines could be called from non GFP_KERNEL contexts. This patch makes the charging routine aware of the gfp context. Charging might fail if the cgroup is over it's limit, in which case a suitable error is returned. This patch was tested on a Powerpc box. I am still looking at being able to test the path, through which allocations happen in non GFP_KERNEL contexts. [kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com: problem with ZONE_MOVABLE] Signed-off-by: Balbir Singh <balbir@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Pavel Emelianov <xemul@openvz.org> Cc: Paul Menage <menage@google.com> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl> Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com> Cc: Nick Piggin <nickpiggin@yahoo.com.au> Cc: Kirill Korotaev <dev@sw.ru> Cc: Herbert Poetzl <herbert@13thfloor.at> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: Vaidyanathan Srinivasan <svaidy@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* Memory controller: add switch to control what type of pages to limitBalbir Singh2008-02-071-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Choose if we want cached pages to be accounted or not. By default both are accounted for. A new set of tunables are added. echo -n 1 > mem_control_type switches the accounting to account for only mapped pages echo -n 3 > mem_control_type switches the behaviour back [bunk@kernel.org: mm/memcontrol.c: clenups] [akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix sparc32 build] Signed-off-by: Balbir Singh <balbir@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Pavel Emelianov <xemul@openvz.org> Cc: Paul Menage <menage@google.com> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl> Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com> Cc: Nick Piggin <nickpiggin@yahoo.com.au> Cc: Kirill Korotaev <dev@sw.ru> Cc: Herbert Poetzl <herbert@13thfloor.at> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: Vaidyanathan Srinivasan <svaidy@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* Memory controller: memory accountingBalbir Singh2008-02-071-0/+10
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Add the accounting hooks. The accounting is carried out for RSS and Page Cache (unmapped) pages. There is now a common limit and accounting for both. The RSS accounting is accounted at page_add_*_rmap() and page_remove_rmap() time. Page cache is accounted at add_to_page_cache(), __delete_from_page_cache(). Swap cache is also accounted for. Each page's page_cgroup is protected with the last bit of the page_cgroup pointer, this makes handling of race conditions involving simultaneous mappings of a page easier. A reference count is kept in the page_cgroup to deal with cases where a page might be unmapped from the RSS of all tasks, but still lives in the page cache. Credits go to Vaidyanathan Srinivasan for helping with reference counting work of the page cgroup. Almost all of the page cache accounting code has help from Vaidyanathan Srinivasan. [hugh@veritas.com: fix swapoff breakage] [akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix locking] Signed-off-by: Vaidyanathan Srinivasan <svaidy@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Balbir Singh <balbir@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Pavel Emelianov <xemul@openvz.org> Cc: Paul Menage <menage@google.com> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl> Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com> Cc: Nick Piggin <nickpiggin@yahoo.com.au> Cc: Kirill Korotaev <dev@sw.ru> Cc: Herbert Poetzl <herbert@13thfloor.at> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: <Valdis.Kletnieks@vt.edu> Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm: fix PageUptodate data raceNick Piggin2008-02-051-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | After running SetPageUptodate, preceeding stores to the page contents to actually bring it uptodate may not be ordered with the store to set the page uptodate. Therefore, another CPU which checks PageUptodate is true, then reads the page contents can get stale data. Fix this by having an smp_wmb before SetPageUptodate, and smp_rmb after PageUptodate. Many places that test PageUptodate, do so with the page locked, and this would be enough to ensure memory ordering in those places if SetPageUptodate were only called while the page is locked. Unfortunately that is not always the case for some filesystems, but it could be an idea for the future. Also bring the handling of anonymous page uptodateness in line with that of file backed page management, by marking anon pages as uptodate when they _are_ uptodate, rather than when our implementation requires that they be marked as such. Doing allows us to get rid of the smp_wmb's in the page copying functions, which were especially added for anonymous pages for an analogous memory ordering problem. Both file and anonymous pages are handled with the same barriers. FAQ: Q. Why not do this in flush_dcache_page? A. Firstly, flush_dcache_page handles only one side (the smb side) of the ordering protocol; we'd still need smp_rmb somewhere. Secondly, hiding away memory barriers in a completely unrelated function is nasty; at least in the PageUptodate macros, they are located together with (half) the operations involved in the ordering. Thirdly, the smp_wmb is only required when first bringing the page uptodate, wheras flush_dcache_page should be called each time it is written to through the kernel mapping. It is logically the wrong place to put it. Q. Why does this increase my text size / reduce my performance / etc. A. Because it is adding the necessary instructions to eliminate the data-race. Q. Can it be improved? A. Yes, eg. if you were to create a rule that all SetPageUptodate operations run under the page lock, we could avoid the smp_rmb places where PageUptodate is queried under the page lock. Requires audit of all filesystems and at least some would need reworking. That's great you're interested, I'm eagerly awaiting your patches. Signed-off-by: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* tmpfs: move swap swizzling into shmemHugh Dickins2008-02-051-34/+1Star
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | move_to_swap_cache and move_from_swap_cache functions (which swizzle a page between tmpfs page cache and swap cache, to avoid page copying) are only used by shmem.c; and our subsequent fix for unionfs needs different treatments in the two instances of move_from_swap_cache. Move them from swap_state.c into their callsites shmem_writepage, shmem_unuse_inode and shmem_getpage, making add_to_swap_cache externally visible. shmem.c likes to say set_page_dirty where swap_state.c liked to say SetPageDirty: respect that diversity, which __set_page_dirty_no_writeback makes moot (and implies we should lose that "shift page from clean_pages to dirty_pages list" comment: it's on neither). Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* tmpfs: shuffle add_to_swap_cachesHugh Dickins2008-02-051-34/+19Star
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | add_to_swap_cache doesn't amount to much: merge it into its sole caller read_swap_cache_async. But we'll be needing to call __add_to_swap_cache from shmem.c, so promote it to the new add_to_swap_cache. Both were static, so there's no interface confusion to worry about. And lose that inappropriate "Anon pages are already on the LRU" comment in the merging: they're not already on the LRU, as Nick Piggin noticed. Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com> No-problems-with: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* tmpfs: move swap_state stats updateHugh Dickins2008-02-051-16/+6Star
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Both unionfs and memcgroups pose challenges to tmpfs and shmem. To help fix, it's best to move the swap swizzling functions from swap_state.c to shmem.c. As a preliminary to that, move swap stats updating down into __add_to_swap_cache, which will remain internal to swap_state.c. Well, actually, just move down the incrementation of add_total: remove noent_race and exist_race completely, they are relics of my 2.4.11 testing. Alt-SysRq-m users will be thrilled if 2.6.25 is at last free of "race M+N"s. Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* swapin needs gfp_mask for loop on tmpfsHugh Dickins2008-02-051-9/+9
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Building in a filesystem on a loop device on a tmpfs file can hang when swapping, the loop thread caught in that infamous throttle_vm_writeout. In theory this is a long standing problem, which I've either never seen in practice, or long ago suppressed the recollection, after discounting my load and my tmpfs size as unrealistically high. But now, with the new aops, it has become easy to hang on one machine. Loop used to grab_cache_page before the old prepare_write to tmpfs, which seems to have been enough to free up some memory for any swapin needed; but the new write_begin lets tmpfs find or allocate the page (much nicer, since grab_cache_page missed tmpfs pages in swapcache). When allocating a fresh page, tmpfs respects loop's mapping_gfp_mask, which has __GFP_IO|__GFP_FS stripped off, and throttle_vm_writeout is designed to break out when __GFP_IO or GFP_FS is unset; but when tmfps swaps in, read_swap_cache_async allocates with GFP_HIGHUSER_MOVABLE regardless of the mapping_gfp_mask - hence the hang. So, pass gfp_mask down the line from shmem_getpage to shmem_swapin to swapin_readahead to read_swap_cache_async to add_to_swap_cache. Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com> Acked-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* swapin_readahead: move and rearrange argsHugh Dickins2008-02-051-0/+47
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | swapin_readahead has never sat well in mm/memory.c: move it to mm/swap_state.c beside its kindred read_swap_cache_async. Why were its args in a different order? rearrange them. And since it was always followed by a read_swap_cache_async of the target page, fold that in and return struct page*. Then CONFIG_SWAP=n no longer needs valid_swaphandles and read_swap_cache_async stubs. Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com> Acked-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mm: clarify __add_to_swap_cache lockingNick Piggin2007-10-161-1/+4
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | __add_to_swap_cache unconditionally sets the page locked, which can be a bit alarming to the unsuspecting reader: in the code paths where the page is visible to other CPUs, the page should be (and is) already locked. Instead, just add a check to ensure the page is locked here, and teach the one path relying on the old behaviour to call SetPageLocked itself. [hugh@veritas.com: locking fix] Signed-off-by: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* Add __GFP_MOVABLE for callers to flag allocations from high memory that may ↵Mel Gorman2007-07-171-1/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | be migrated It is often known at allocation time whether a page may be migrated or not. This patch adds a flag called __GFP_MOVABLE and a new mask called GFP_HIGH_MOVABLE. Allocations using the __GFP_MOVABLE can be either migrated using the page migration mechanism or reclaimed by syncing with backing storage and discarding. An API function very similar to alloc_zeroed_user_highpage() is added for __GFP_MOVABLE allocations called alloc_zeroed_user_highpage_movable(). The flags used by alloc_zeroed_user_highpage() are not changed because it would change the semantics of an existing API. After this patch is applied there are no in-kernel users of alloc_zeroed_user_highpage() so it probably should be marked deprecated if this patch is merged. Note that this patch includes a minor cleanup to the use of __GFP_ZERO in shmem.c to keep all flag modifications to inode->mapping in the shmem_dir_alloc() helper function. This clean-up suggestion is courtesy of Hugh Dickens. Additional credit goes to Christoph Lameter and Linus Torvalds for shaping the concept. Credit to Hugh Dickens for catching issues with shmem swap vector and ramfs allocations. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: build fix] [hugh@veritas.com: __GFP_ZERO cleanup] Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Cc: Andy Whitcroft <apw@shadowen.org> Cc: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* vmscan: fix comments related to shrink_list()Anderson Briglia2007-07-161-1/+1
| | | | | | | | Fix the shrink_list name on some files under mm/ directory. Signed-off-by: Anderson Briglia <anderson.briglia@indt.org.br> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* [PATCH] lockdep: locking init debugging improvementIngo Molnar2006-07-041-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | Locking init improvement: - introduce and use __SPIN_LOCK_UNLOCKED for array initializations, to pass in the name string of locks, used by debugging Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
* [PATCH] zoned vm counters: conversion of nr_pagecache to per zone counterChristoph Lameter2006-06-301-2/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Currently a single atomic variable is used to establish the size of the page cache in the whole machine. The zoned VM counters have the same method of implementation as the nr_pagecache code but also allow the determination of the pagecache size per zone. Remove the special implementation for nr_pagecache and make it a zoned counter named NR_FILE_PAGES. Updates of the page cache counters are always performed with interrupts off. We can therefore use the __ variant here. Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com> Cc: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@fys.uio.no> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
* [PATCH] mark address_space_operations constChristoph Hellwig2006-06-281-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | Same as with already do with the file operations: keep them in .rodata and prevents people from doing runtime patching. Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Cc: Steven French <sfrench@us.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
* BUG_ON() Conversion in mm/swap_state.cEric Sesterhenn2006-04-011-2/+1Star
| | | | | | | | this changes if() BUG(); constructs to BUG_ON() which is cleaner, contains unlikely() and can better optimized away. Signed-off-by: Eric Sesterhenn <snakebyte@gmx.de> Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de>
* [PATCH] page migration reorgChristoph Lameter2006-03-221-0/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Centralize the page migration functions in anticipation of additional tinkering. Creates a new file mm/migrate.c 1. Extract buffer_migrate_page() from fs/buffer.c 2. Extract central migration code from vmscan.c 3. Extract some components from mempolicy.c 4. Export pageout() and remove_from_swap() from vmscan.c 5. Make it possible to configure NUMA systems without page migration and non-NUMA systems with page migration. I had to so some #ifdeffing in mempolicy.c that may need a cleanup. Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
* [PATCH] Direct Migration V9: Avoid writeback / page_migrate() methodChristoph Lameter2006-02-011-0/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Migrate a page with buffers without requiring writeback This introduces a new address space operation migratepage() that may be used by a filesystem to implement its own version of page migration. A version is provided that migrates buffers attached to pages. Some filesystems (ext2, ext3, xfs) are modified to utilize this feature. The swapper address space operation are modified so that a regular migrate_page() will occur for anonymous pages without writeback (migrate_pages forces every anonymous page to have a swap entry). Signed-off-by: Mike Kravetz <kravetz@us.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
* [PATCH] SwapMig: add_to_swap() avoid atomic allocationsChristoph Lameter2006-01-091-2/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Add gfp_mask to add_to_swap add_to_swap does allocations with GFP_ATOMIC in order not to interfere with swapping. During migration we may have use add_to_swap extensively which may lead to out of memory errors. This patch makes add_to_swap take a parameter that specifies the gfp mask. The page migration code can then make add_to_swap use GFP_KERNEL. Signed-off-by: Hirokazu Takahashi <taka@valinux.co.jp> Signed-off-by: Dave Hansen <haveblue@us.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
* [PATCH] mm: free_pages_and_swap_cache optHugh Dickins2006-01-061-2/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | Minor optimization (though it doesn't help in the PREEMPT case, severely constrained by small ZAP_BLOCK_SIZE). free_pages_and_swap_cache works in chunks of 16, calling release_pages which works in chunks of PAGEVEC_SIZE. But PAGEVEC_SIZE was dropped from 16 to 14 in 2.6.10, so we're now doing more spin_lock_irq'ing than necessary: use PAGEVEC_SIZE throughout. Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com> Signed-off-by: Nick Piggin <nickpiggin@yahoo.com.au> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
* [PATCH] mm/swap_state.c: unexport swapper_spaceAdrian Bunk2005-11-071-1/+0Star
| | | | | | | | I didn't find any possible modular usage in the kernel. Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
* [PATCH] mm: update comments to pte lockHugh Dickins2005-10-301-2/+1Star
| | | | | | | | Updated several references to page_table_lock in common code comments. Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
* [PATCH] mm: split page table lockHugh Dickins2005-10-301-4/+4
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Christoph Lameter demonstrated very poor scalability on the SGI 512-way, with a many-threaded application which concurrently initializes different parts of a large anonymous area. This patch corrects that, by using a separate spinlock per page table page, to guard the page table entries in that page, instead of using the mm's single page_table_lock. (But even then, page_table_lock is still used to guard page table allocation, and anon_vma allocation.) In this implementation, the spinlock is tucked inside the struct page of the page table page: with a BUILD_BUG_ON in case it overflows - which it would in the case of 32-bit PA-RISC with spinlock debugging enabled. Splitting the lock is not quite for free: another cacheline access. Ideally, I suppose we would use split ptlock only for multi-threaded processes on multi-cpu machines; but deciding that dynamically would have its own costs. So for now enable it by config, at some number of cpus - since the Kconfig language doesn't support inequalities, let preprocessor compare that with NR_CPUS. But I don't think it's worth being user-configurable: for good testing of both split and unsplit configs, split now at 4 cpus, and perhaps change that to 8 later. There is a benefit even for singly threaded processes: kswapd can be attacking one part of the mm while another part is busy faulting. Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
* [PATCH] gfp flags annotations - part 1Al Viro2005-10-091-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | - added typedef unsigned int __nocast gfp_t; - replaced __nocast uses for gfp flags with gfp_t - it gives exactly the same warnings as far as sparse is concerned, doesn't change generated code (from gcc point of view we replaced unsigned int with typedef) and documents what's going on far better. Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
* [PATCH] mm/swap_state: Fix "nocast type" warningsVictor Fusco2005-09-101-2/+2
| | | | | | | | | Fix the sparse warning "implicit cast to nocast type" Signed-off-by: Victor Fusco <victor@cetuc.puc-rio.br> Signed-off-by: Domen Puncer <domen@coderock.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
* [PATCH] delete from_swap_cache BUG_ONsHugh Dickins2005-09-051-5/+1Star
| | | | | | | | | | Three of the four BUG_ONs in delete_from_swap_cache are immediately repeated in __delete_from_swap_cache: delete those and add the one. But perhaps mm/ is altogether overprovisioned with historic BUGs? Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
* [PATCH] mm: use __GFP_NOMEMALLOCNick Piggin2005-05-011-19/+8Star
| | | | | | | | | Use the new __GFP_NOMEMALLOC to simplify the previous handling of PF_MEMALLOC. Signed-off-by: Nick Piggin <nickpiggin@yahoo.com.au> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
* Linux-2.6.12-rc2Linus Torvalds2005-04-171-0/+382
Initial git repository build. I'm not bothering with the full history, even though we have it. We can create a separate "historical" git archive of that later if we want to, and in the meantime it's about 3.2GB when imported into git - space that would just make the early git days unnecessarily complicated, when we don't have a lot of good infrastructure for it. Let it rip!
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