From df24014abe3694e7c34ce5e50248611b7a93fe83 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Viresh Kumar
Date: Mon, 29 Apr 2019 15:03:58 +0530
Subject: cpufreq: Call transition notifier only once for each policy

Currently, the notifiers are called once for each CPU of the policy->cpus
cpumask. It would be more optimal if the notifier can be called only
once and all the relevant information be provided to it. Out of the 23
drivers that register for the transition notifiers today, only 4 of them
do per-cpu updates and the callback for the rest can be called only once
for the policy without any impact.

This would also avoid multiple function calls to the notifier callbacks
and reduce multiple iterations of notifier core's code (which does
locking as well).

This patch adds pointer to the cpufreq policy to the struct
cpufreq_freqs, so the notifier callback has all the information
available to it with a single call. The five drivers which perform
per-cpu updates are updated to use the cpufreq policy. The freqs->cpu
field is redundant now and is removed.

Acked-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net> (sparc)
Signed-off-by: Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
---
 arch/x86/kernel/tsc.c | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

(limited to 'arch/x86/kernel/tsc.c')

diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/tsc.c b/arch/x86/kernel/tsc.c
index 15b5e98a86f9..356dfc555a27 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/tsc.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/tsc.c
@@ -979,7 +979,7 @@ static int time_cpufreq_notifier(struct notifier_block *nb, unsigned long val,
 		if (!(freq->flags & CPUFREQ_CONST_LOOPS))
 			mark_tsc_unstable("cpufreq changes");
 
-		set_cyc2ns_scale(tsc_khz, freq->cpu, rdtsc());
+		set_cyc2ns_scale(tsc_khz, freq->policy->cpu, rdtsc());
 	}
 
 	return 0;
-- 
cgit v1.2.3-55-g7522


From 457c89965399115e5cd8bf38f9c597293405703d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Thomas Gleixner
Date: Sun, 19 May 2019 13:08:55 +0100
Subject: treewide: Add SPDX license identifier for missed files

Add SPDX license identifiers to all files which:

 - Have no license information of any form

 - Have EXPORT_.*_SYMBOL_GPL inside which was used in the
   initial scan/conversion to ignore the file

These files fall under the project license, GPL v2 only. The resulting SPDX
license identifier is:

  GPL-2.0-only

Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
---
 arch/arm/kernel/stacktrace.c                     | 1 +
 arch/arm/mm/ioremap.c                            | 1 +
 arch/arm/mm/nommu.c                              | 1 +
 arch/arm/xen/enlighten.c                         | 1 +
 arch/arm/xen/mm.c                                | 1 +
 arch/arm/xen/p2m.c                               | 1 +
 arch/ia64/kernel/esi_stub.S                      | 1 +
 arch/ia64/kernel/mca.c                           | 1 +
 arch/ia64/kernel/perfmon.c                       | 1 +
 arch/ia64/kernel/sal.c                           | 1 +
 arch/ia64/kernel/smp.c                           | 1 +
 arch/ia64/kernel/smpboot.c                       | 1 +
 arch/ia64/kernel/time.c                          | 1 +
 arch/ia64/lib/flush.S                            | 1 +
 arch/ia64/mm/tlb.c                               | 1 +
 arch/ia64/pci/pci.c                              | 1 +
 arch/m68k/kernel/time.c                          | 1 +
 arch/m68k/mac/psc.c                              | 1 +
 arch/mips/alchemy/common/usb.c                   | 1 +
 arch/mips/alchemy/common/vss.c                   | 1 +
 arch/mips/alchemy/devboards/bcsr.c               | 1 +
 arch/mips/kernel/stacktrace.c                    | 1 +
 arch/mips/sgi-ip22/ip22-gio.c                    | 1 +
 arch/parisc/kernel/stacktrace.c                  | 1 +
 arch/powerpc/kernel/pci_32.c                     | 1 +
 arch/powerpc/kernel/setup_32.c                   | 1 +
 arch/powerpc/kernel/sysfs.c                      | 1 +
 arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/cbe_regs.c           | 1 +
 arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/spu_callbacks.c      | 1 +
 arch/powerpc/platforms/powermac/backlight.c      | 1 +
 arch/powerpc/platforms/powermac/pfunc_core.c     | 1 +
 arch/sh/mm/init.c                                | 1 +
 arch/sparc/kernel/helpers.S                      | 1 +
 arch/sparc/kernel/nmi.c                          | 1 +
 arch/sparc/kernel/of_device_common.c             | 1 +
 arch/sparc/kernel/pcr.c                          | 1 +
 arch/sparc/kernel/ptrace_64.c                    | 1 +
 arch/sparc/kernel/stacktrace.c                   | 1 +
 arch/sparc/kernel/traps_64.c                     | 1 +
 arch/x86/events/amd/core.c                       | 1 +
 arch/x86/events/intel/core.c                     | 1 +
 arch/x86/kernel/acpi/cstate.c                    | 1 +
 arch/x86/kernel/alternative.c                    | 1 +
 arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c                      | 1 +
 arch/x86/kernel/cpu/amd.c                        | 1 +
 arch/x86/kernel/cpu/common.c                     | 1 +
 arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mce/core.c                   | 1 +
 arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mce/dev-mcelog.c             | 1 +
 arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mce/therm_throt.c            | 1 +
 arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mtrr/generic.c               | 1 +
 arch/x86/kernel/crash.c                          | 1 +
 arch/x86/kernel/e820.c                           | 1 +
 arch/x86/kernel/fpu/core.c                       | 1 +
 arch/x86/kernel/fpu/init.c                       | 1 +
 arch/x86/kernel/fpu/xstate.c                     | 1 +
 arch/x86/kernel/hpet.c                           | 1 +
 arch/x86/kernel/irq.c                            | 1 +
 arch/x86/kernel/nmi.c                            | 1 +
 arch/x86/kernel/process_64.c                     | 1 +
 arch/x86/kernel/ptrace.c                         | 1 +
 arch/x86/kernel/setup.c                          | 1 +
 arch/x86/kernel/tsc.c                            | 1 +
 arch/x86/kernel/unwind_frame.c                   | 1 +
 arch/x86/kernel/unwind_guess.c                   | 1 +
 arch/x86/kernel/unwind_orc.c                     | 1 +
 arch/x86/lib/clear_page_64.S                     | 1 +
 arch/x86/lib/cpu.c                               | 1 +
 arch/x86/lib/memcpy_64.S                         | 1 +
 arch/x86/lib/usercopy_64.c                       | 1 +
 arch/x86/mm/extable.c                            | 1 +
 arch/x86/mm/highmem_32.c                         | 1 +
 arch/x86/mm/init_32.c                            | 1 +
 arch/x86/mm/init_64.c                            | 1 +
 arch/x86/mm/ioremap.c                            | 1 +
 arch/x86/mm/numa.c                               | 1 +
 arch/x86/mm/pageattr.c                           | 1 +
 arch/x86/mm/pat.c                                | 1 +
 arch/x86/mm/tlb.c                                | 1 +
 arch/x86/pci/common.c                            | 1 +
 arch/x86/pci/legacy.c                            | 1 +
 arch/x86/pci/xen.c                               | 1 +
 arch/x86/platform/efi/quirks.c                   | 1 +
 arch/x86/platform/intel-quark/imr.c              | 1 +
 arch/x86/platform/olpc/olpc_ofw.c                | 1 +
 drivers/acpi/debugfs.c                           | 1 +
 drivers/acpi/processor_core.c                    | 1 +
 drivers/acpi/scan.c                              | 1 +
 drivers/ata/libata-acpi.c                        | 1 +
 drivers/edac/debugfs.c                           | 1 +
 drivers/edac/wq.c                                | 1 +
 drivers/firmware/dmi_scan.c                      | 1 +
 drivers/gpu/drm/drm_of.c                         | 1 +
 drivers/gpu/drm/pl111/pl111_versatile.c          | 1 +
 drivers/ide/ide-atapi.c                          | 1 +
 drivers/ide/ide-dma-sff.c                        | 1 +
 drivers/ide/ide-eh.c                             | 1 +
 drivers/ide/ide-io-std.c                         | 1 +
 drivers/ide/ide-ioctls.c                         | 1 +
 drivers/ide/ide-iops.c                           | 1 +
 drivers/ide/ide-legacy.c                         | 1 +
 drivers/ide/ide-lib.c                            | 1 +
 drivers/ide/ide-probe.c                          | 1 +
 drivers/ide/ide-proc.c                           | 1 +
 drivers/ide/ide-taskfile.c                       | 1 +
 drivers/ide/ide-xfer-mode.c                      | 1 +
 drivers/iommu/irq_remapping.c                    | 1 +
 drivers/mcb/mcb-parse.c                          | 1 +
 drivers/md/md-bitmap.c                           | 1 +
 drivers/media/common/saa7146/saa7146_hlp.c       | 1 +
 drivers/media/v4l2-core/v4l2-compat-ioctl32.c    | 1 +
 drivers/misc/atmel_tclib.c                       | 1 +
 drivers/mmc/host/sdhci-pci-data.c                | 1 +
 drivers/net/phy/phy-c45.c                        | 1 +
 drivers/net/phy/sfp-bus.c                        | 1 +
 drivers/net/wireless/marvell/libertas/cmd.c      | 1 +
 drivers/net/wireless/marvell/libertas/firmware.c | 1 +
 drivers/net/wireless/marvell/libertas/rx.c       | 1 +
 drivers/net/wireless/marvell/libertas/tx.c       | 1 +
 drivers/perf/arm_pmu.c                           | 1 +
 drivers/ras/debugfs.c                            | 1 +
 drivers/rtc/rtc-mc146818-lib.c                   | 1 +
 drivers/scsi/hosts.c                             | 1 +
 drivers/scsi/libsas/sas_task.c                   | 1 +
 drivers/scsi/scsi_error.c                        | 1 +
 drivers/scsi/scsi_ioctl.c                        | 1 +
 drivers/scsi/scsi_lib.c                          | 1 +
 drivers/scsi/scsi_pm.c                           | 1 +
 drivers/scsi/scsi_sysfs.c                        | 1 +
 drivers/video/console/dummycon.c                 | 1 +
 drivers/video/fbdev/via/via-core.c               | 1 +
 drivers/video/logo/logo.c                        | 1 +
 drivers/xen/dbgp.c                               | 1 +
 drivers/xen/efi.c                                | 1 +
 drivers/xen/events/events_base.c                 | 1 +
 drivers/xen/features.c                           | 1 +
 drivers/xen/manage.c                             | 1 +
 fs/anon_inodes.c                                 | 1 +
 fs/block_dev.c                                   | 1 +
 fs/buffer.c                                      | 1 +
 fs/crypto/hooks.c                                | 1 +
 fs/dcache.c                                      | 1 +
 fs/dcookies.c                                    | 1 +
 fs/direct-io.c                                   | 1 +
 fs/eventfd.c                                     | 1 +
 fs/exec.c                                        | 1 +
 fs/fat/dir.c                                     | 1 +
 fs/fat/file.c                                    | 1 +
 fs/fat/misc.c                                    | 1 +
 fs/file_table.c                                  | 1 +
 fs/fs-writeback.c                                | 1 +
 fs/fs_struct.c                                   | 1 +
 fs/inode.c                                       | 1 +
 fs/libfs.c                                       | 1 +
 fs/lockd/clntlock.c                              | 1 +
 fs/lockd/clntproc.c                              | 1 +
 fs/lockd/svcsubs.c                               | 1 +
 fs/locks.c                                       | 1 +
 fs/nfs/delegation.c                              | 1 +
 fs/nfs/dir.c                                     | 1 +
 fs/nfs/direct.c                                  | 1 +
 fs/nfs/file.c                                    | 1 +
 fs/nfs/namespace.c                               | 1 +
 fs/nfs/nfs3client.c                              | 1 +
 fs/nfs/nfs4client.c                              | 1 +
 fs/nfs/nfs4session.c                             | 1 +
 fs/nfs/pagelist.c                                | 1 +
 fs/nfs/pnfs_nfs.c                                | 1 +
 fs/nfs/read.c                                    | 1 +
 fs/nfs/super.c                                   | 1 +
 fs/nfs/write.c                                   | 1 +
 fs/open.c                                        | 1 +
 fs/posix_acl.c                                   | 1 +
 fs/proc/generic.c                                | 1 +
 fs/proc/proc_net.c                               | 1 +
 fs/proc/vmcore.c                                 | 1 +
 fs/splice.c                                      | 1 +
 fs/stack.c                                       | 1 +
 fs/xattr.c                                       | 1 +
 include/linux/percpu-defs.h                      | 1 +
 init/do_mounts.c                                 | 1 +
 init/main.c                                      | 1 +
 init/version.c                                   | 1 +
 kernel/bpf/tnum.c                                | 1 +
 kernel/cgroup/cgroup-v1.c                        | 1 +
 kernel/cgroup/rstat.c                            | 1 +
 kernel/context_tracking.c                        | 1 +
 kernel/crash_dump.c                              | 1 +
 kernel/dma/swiotlb.c                             | 1 +
 kernel/exit.c                                    | 1 +
 kernel/fork.c                                    | 1 +
 kernel/freezer.c                                 | 1 +
 kernel/hung_task.c                               | 1 +
 kernel/irq_work.c                                | 1 +
 kernel/jump_label.c                              | 1 +
 kernel/kallsyms.c                                | 1 +
 kernel/kthread.c                                 | 1 +
 kernel/locking/lockdep.c                         | 1 +
 kernel/locking/mutex.c                           | 1 +
 kernel/locking/percpu-rwsem.c                    | 1 +
 kernel/locking/rtmutex.c                         | 1 +
 kernel/notifier.c                                | 1 +
 kernel/panic.c                                   | 1 +
 kernel/pid.c                                     | 1 +
 kernel/pid_namespace.c                           | 1 +
 kernel/power/qos.c                               | 1 +
 kernel/printk/printk.c                           | 1 +
 kernel/profile.c                                 | 1 +
 kernel/ptrace.c                                  | 1 +
 kernel/reboot.c                                  | 1 +
 kernel/resource.c                                | 1 +
 kernel/sched/clock.c                             | 1 +
 kernel/sched/core.c                              | 1 +
 kernel/sched/cputime.c                           | 1 +
 kernel/sched/idle.c                              | 1 +
 kernel/sched/isolation.c                         | 1 +
 kernel/sched/wait.c                              | 1 +
 kernel/sched/wait_bit.c                          | 1 +
 kernel/signal.c                                  | 1 +
 kernel/smp.c                                     | 1 +
 kernel/smpboot.c                                 | 1 +
 kernel/stacktrace.c                              | 1 +
 kernel/sysctl.c                                  | 1 +
 kernel/umh.c                                     | 1 +
 kernel/up.c                                      | 1 +
 kernel/user-return-notifier.c                    | 1 +
 kernel/user.c                                    | 1 +
 kernel/workqueue.c                               | 1 +
 lib/debug_locks.c                                | 1 +
 lib/fault-inject.c                               | 1 +
 lib/idr.c                                        | 1 +
 lib/interval_tree.c                              | 1 +
 lib/iov_iter.c                                   | 1 +
 lib/math/gcd.c                                   | 1 +
 lib/math/lcm.c                                   | 1 +
 lib/percpu-refcount.c                            | 1 +
 lib/sg_pool.c                                    | 1 +
 lib/string_helpers.c                             | 1 +
 lib/vsprintf.c                                   | 1 +
 mm/backing-dev.c                                 | 1 +
 mm/balloon_compaction.c                          | 1 +
 mm/filemap.c                                     | 1 +
 mm/gup.c                                         | 1 +
 mm/hugetlb.c                                     | 1 +
 mm/list_lru.c                                    | 1 +
 mm/maccess.c                                     | 1 +
 mm/memory.c                                      | 1 +
 mm/memory_hotplug.c                              | 1 +
 mm/mm_init.c                                     | 1 +
 mm/mmap.c                                        | 1 +
 mm/nommu.c                                       | 1 +
 mm/oom_kill.c                                    | 1 +
 mm/page-writeback.c                              | 1 +
 mm/page_alloc.c                                  | 1 +
 mm/readahead.c                                   | 1 +
 mm/swap.c                                        | 1 +
 mm/swapfile.c                                    | 1 +
 mm/truncate.c                                    | 1 +
 mm/util.c                                        | 1 +
 mm/vmalloc.c                                     | 1 +
 mm/vmstat.c                                      | 1 +
 net/bridge/br_vlan.c                             | 1 +
 net/compat.c                                     | 1 +
 net/core/dst.c                                   | 1 +
 net/core/flow_dissector.c                        | 1 +
 net/core/net_namespace.c                         | 1 +
 net/core/netpoll.c                               | 1 +
 net/core/secure_seq.c                            | 1 +
 net/ipv4/inet_timewait_sock.c                    | 1 +
 net/ipv4/ip_output.c                             | 1 +
 net/ipv4/metrics.c                               | 1 +
 net/ipv4/netlink.c                               | 1 +
 net/ipv4/tcp_cong.c                              | 1 +
 net/ipv4/tcp_minisocks.c                         | 1 +
 net/ipv4/tcp_output.c                            | 1 +
 net/ipv4/tcp_rate.c                              | 1 +
 net/ipv4/tcp_timer.c                             | 1 +
 net/ipv4/tcp_ulp.c                               | 1 +
 net/ipv6/addrconf_core.c                         | 1 +
 net/ipv6/exthdrs_core.c                          | 1 +
 net/ipv6/output_core.c                           | 1 +
 net/mac80211/chan.c                              | 1 +
 net/netfilter/ipset/pfxlen.c                     | 1 +
 net/netfilter/ipvs/ip_vs_pe.c                    | 1 +
 net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_proto_gre.c           | 1 +
 net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_seqadj.c              | 1 +
 net/netfilter/nf_flow_table_ip.c                 | 1 +
 net/netfilter/nf_log.c                           | 1 +
 net/sunrpc/addr.c                                | 1 +
 net/sunrpc/auth.c                                | 1 +
 net/sunrpc/clnt.c                                | 1 +
 net/sunrpc/rpc_pipe.c                            | 1 +
 net/sunrpc/rpcb_clnt.c                           | 1 +
 net/sunrpc/sched.c                               | 1 +
 net/sunrpc/socklib.c                             | 1 +
 net/sunrpc/stats.c                               | 1 +
 net/sunrpc/svc.c                                 | 1 +
 net/sunrpc/svc_xprt.c                            | 1 +
 net/sunrpc/svcauth.c                             | 1 +
 net/sunrpc/svcauth_unix.c                        | 1 +
 net/sunrpc/svcsock.c                             | 1 +
 net/sunrpc/sysctl.c                              | 1 +
 net/sunrpc/timer.c                               | 1 +
 net/sunrpc/xdr.c                                 | 1 +
 net/sunrpc/xprt.c                                | 1 +
 net/sysctl_net.c                                 | 1 +
 net/wireless/nl80211.c                           | 1 +
 net/wireless/wext-compat.h                       | 1 +
 net/xfrm/xfrm_policy.c                           | 1 +
 net/xfrm/xfrm_state.c                            | 1 +
 scripts/genksyms/keywords.c                      | 1 +
 scripts/tags.sh                                  | 1 +
 sound/hda/array.c                                | 1 +
 sound/hda/hdac_bus.c                             | 1 +
 sound/hda/hdac_controller.c                      | 1 +
 sound/hda/hdac_device.c                          | 1 +
 sound/hda/hdac_regmap.c                          | 1 +
 sound/hda/hdac_stream.c                          | 1 +
 sound/hda/hdmi_chmap.c                           | 1 +
 sound/pci/hda/hda_bind.c                         | 1 +
 sound/pci/hda/hda_sysfs.c                        | 1 +
 tools/arch/x86/lib/memcpy_64.S                   | 1 +
 321 files changed, 321 insertions(+)

(limited to 'arch/x86/kernel/tsc.c')

diff --git a/arch/arm/kernel/stacktrace.c b/arch/arm/kernel/stacktrace.c
index 86870f40f9a0..71778bb0475b 100644
--- a/arch/arm/kernel/stacktrace.c
+++ b/arch/arm/kernel/stacktrace.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/export.h>
 #include <linux/sched.h>
 #include <linux/sched/debug.h>
diff --git a/arch/arm/mm/ioremap.c b/arch/arm/mm/ioremap.c
index 5bf9443cfbaa..d42b93316183 100644
--- a/arch/arm/mm/ioremap.c
+++ b/arch/arm/mm/ioremap.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/arch/arm/mm/ioremap.c
  *
diff --git a/arch/arm/mm/nommu.c b/arch/arm/mm/nommu.c
index 7d67c70bbded..24ecf8d30a1e 100644
--- a/arch/arm/mm/nommu.c
+++ b/arch/arm/mm/nommu.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/arch/arm/mm/nommu.c
  *
diff --git a/arch/arm/xen/enlighten.c b/arch/arm/xen/enlighten.c
index 17e478928276..1e57692552d9 100644
--- a/arch/arm/xen/enlighten.c
+++ b/arch/arm/xen/enlighten.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <xen/xen.h>
 #include <xen/events.h>
 #include <xen/grant_table.h>
diff --git a/arch/arm/xen/mm.c b/arch/arm/xen/mm.c
index e1d44b903dfc..d33b77e9add3 100644
--- a/arch/arm/xen/mm.c
+++ b/arch/arm/xen/mm.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/cpu.h>
 #include <linux/dma-mapping.h>
 #include <linux/gfp.h>
diff --git a/arch/arm/xen/p2m.c b/arch/arm/xen/p2m.c
index da2a7044a124..e52950a43f2e 100644
--- a/arch/arm/xen/p2m.c
+++ b/arch/arm/xen/p2m.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/memblock.h>
 #include <linux/gfp.h>
 #include <linux/export.h>
diff --git a/arch/ia64/kernel/esi_stub.S b/arch/ia64/kernel/esi_stub.S
index 2c369bf77c4b..821e68d10598 100644
--- a/arch/ia64/kernel/esi_stub.S
+++ b/arch/ia64/kernel/esi_stub.S
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only */
 /*
  * ESI call stub.
  *
diff --git a/arch/ia64/kernel/mca.c b/arch/ia64/kernel/mca.c
index 5cabb3fd159f..6a52d761854b 100644
--- a/arch/ia64/kernel/mca.c
+++ b/arch/ia64/kernel/mca.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * File:	mca.c
  * Purpose:	Generic MCA handling layer
diff --git a/arch/ia64/kernel/perfmon.c b/arch/ia64/kernel/perfmon.c
index 7a969f4c3534..58a6337c0690 100644
--- a/arch/ia64/kernel/perfmon.c
+++ b/arch/ia64/kernel/perfmon.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * This file implements the perfmon-2 subsystem which is used
  * to program the IA-64 Performance Monitoring Unit (PMU).
diff --git a/arch/ia64/kernel/sal.c b/arch/ia64/kernel/sal.c
index 0464173ea568..9b2331ac10ce 100644
--- a/arch/ia64/kernel/sal.c
+++ b/arch/ia64/kernel/sal.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * System Abstraction Layer (SAL) interface routines.
  *
diff --git a/arch/ia64/kernel/smp.c b/arch/ia64/kernel/smp.c
index 7f706d4f84f7..133b63355814 100644
--- a/arch/ia64/kernel/smp.c
+++ b/arch/ia64/kernel/smp.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * SMP Support
  *
diff --git a/arch/ia64/kernel/smpboot.c b/arch/ia64/kernel/smpboot.c
index 51ec944b036c..d0474a0c67db 100644
--- a/arch/ia64/kernel/smpboot.c
+++ b/arch/ia64/kernel/smpboot.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * SMP boot-related support
  *
diff --git a/arch/ia64/kernel/time.c b/arch/ia64/kernel/time.c
index 9025699049ca..4ecd81b0e8ec 100644
--- a/arch/ia64/kernel/time.c
+++ b/arch/ia64/kernel/time.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * linux/arch/ia64/kernel/time.c
  *
diff --git a/arch/ia64/lib/flush.S b/arch/ia64/lib/flush.S
index 9a5a2f9fad13..8573d59c9ed1 100644
--- a/arch/ia64/lib/flush.S
+++ b/arch/ia64/lib/flush.S
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only */
 /*
  * Cache flushing routines.
  *
diff --git a/arch/ia64/mm/tlb.c b/arch/ia64/mm/tlb.c
index 5158bd28de05..0714df1b7854 100644
--- a/arch/ia64/mm/tlb.c
+++ b/arch/ia64/mm/tlb.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * TLB support routines.
  *
diff --git a/arch/ia64/pci/pci.c b/arch/ia64/pci/pci.c
index 196a0dd7ff97..e308196c2229 100644
--- a/arch/ia64/pci/pci.c
+++ b/arch/ia64/pci/pci.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * pci.c - Low-Level PCI Access in IA-64
  *
diff --git a/arch/m68k/kernel/time.c b/arch/m68k/kernel/time.c
index 3a8b47f8f97b..c2697a4d4ddd 100644
--- a/arch/m68k/kernel/time.c
+++ b/arch/m68k/kernel/time.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/arch/m68k/kernel/time.c
  *
diff --git a/arch/m68k/mac/psc.c b/arch/m68k/mac/psc.c
index 8d547df4e16c..0d0965b19c09 100644
--- a/arch/m68k/mac/psc.c
+++ b/arch/m68k/mac/psc.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *	Apple Peripheral System Controller (PSC)
  *
diff --git a/arch/mips/alchemy/common/usb.c b/arch/mips/alchemy/common/usb.c
index 634edd3ded38..5d618547ebf0 100644
--- a/arch/mips/alchemy/common/usb.c
+++ b/arch/mips/alchemy/common/usb.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * USB block power/access management abstraction.
  *
diff --git a/arch/mips/alchemy/common/vss.c b/arch/mips/alchemy/common/vss.c
index a7bd32e9831b..3d0d468d93a5 100644
--- a/arch/mips/alchemy/common/vss.c
+++ b/arch/mips/alchemy/common/vss.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Au1300 media block power gating (VSS)
  *
diff --git a/arch/mips/alchemy/devboards/bcsr.c b/arch/mips/alchemy/devboards/bcsr.c
index c1a2daaf300a..8df0ccdc9287 100644
--- a/arch/mips/alchemy/devboards/bcsr.c
+++ b/arch/mips/alchemy/devboards/bcsr.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * bcsr.h -- Db1xxx/Pb1xxx Devboard CPLD registers ("BCSR") abstraction.
  *
diff --git a/arch/mips/kernel/stacktrace.c b/arch/mips/kernel/stacktrace.c
index 7c7c902249f2..f2e72094051b 100644
--- a/arch/mips/kernel/stacktrace.c
+++ b/arch/mips/kernel/stacktrace.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Stack trace management functions
  *
diff --git a/arch/mips/sgi-ip22/ip22-gio.c b/arch/mips/sgi-ip22/ip22-gio.c
index b225033aade6..282b47c2dc27 100644
--- a/arch/mips/sgi-ip22/ip22-gio.c
+++ b/arch/mips/sgi-ip22/ip22-gio.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/export.h>
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
 #include <linux/init.h>
diff --git a/arch/parisc/kernel/stacktrace.c b/arch/parisc/kernel/stacktrace.c
index 6f0b9c8d8052..34bf6d6bf6e8 100644
--- a/arch/parisc/kernel/stacktrace.c
+++ b/arch/parisc/kernel/stacktrace.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Stack trace management functions
  *
diff --git a/arch/powerpc/kernel/pci_32.c b/arch/powerpc/kernel/pci_32.c
index 0417fda13636..50942a1d1a5f 100644
--- a/arch/powerpc/kernel/pci_32.c
+++ b/arch/powerpc/kernel/pci_32.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Common pmac/prep/chrp pci routines. -- Cort
  */
diff --git a/arch/powerpc/kernel/setup_32.c b/arch/powerpc/kernel/setup_32.c
index 3fb9f64f88fd..94517e4a2723 100644
--- a/arch/powerpc/kernel/setup_32.c
+++ b/arch/powerpc/kernel/setup_32.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Common prep/pmac/chrp boot and setup code.
  */
diff --git a/arch/powerpc/kernel/sysfs.c b/arch/powerpc/kernel/sysfs.c
index 7a1708875d27..e2147d7c9e72 100644
--- a/arch/powerpc/kernel/sysfs.c
+++ b/arch/powerpc/kernel/sysfs.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/device.h>
 #include <linux/cpu.h>
 #include <linux/smp.h>
diff --git a/arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/cbe_regs.c b/arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/cbe_regs.c
index 27ee65b89099..0be212a27254 100644
--- a/arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/cbe_regs.c
+++ b/arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/cbe_regs.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * cbe_regs.c
  *
diff --git a/arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/spu_callbacks.c b/arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/spu_callbacks.c
index b5f35cbe9e21..cbee3666da07 100644
--- a/arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/spu_callbacks.c
+++ b/arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/spu_callbacks.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * System call callback functions for SPUs
  */
diff --git a/arch/powerpc/platforms/powermac/backlight.c b/arch/powerpc/platforms/powermac/backlight.c
index 6b5dcccae1d3..32224cb489d7 100644
--- a/arch/powerpc/platforms/powermac/backlight.c
+++ b/arch/powerpc/platforms/powermac/backlight.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Miscellaneous procedures for dealing with the PowerMac hardware.
  * Contains support for the backlight.
diff --git a/arch/powerpc/platforms/powermac/pfunc_core.c b/arch/powerpc/platforms/powermac/pfunc_core.c
index e0462fedcdb8..94df0a91b46f 100644
--- a/arch/powerpc/platforms/powermac/pfunc_core.c
+++ b/arch/powerpc/platforms/powermac/pfunc_core.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *
  * FIXME: Properly make this race free with refcounting etc...
diff --git a/arch/sh/mm/init.c b/arch/sh/mm/init.c
index 5aeb4d7099a1..13c6a6bb5fd9 100644
--- a/arch/sh/mm/init.c
+++ b/arch/sh/mm/init.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * linux/arch/sh/mm/init.c
  *
diff --git a/arch/sparc/kernel/helpers.S b/arch/sparc/kernel/helpers.S
index e4e5b832fcb6..9b3f74706cfb 100644
--- a/arch/sparc/kernel/helpers.S
+++ b/arch/sparc/kernel/helpers.S
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only */
 	.align	32
 	.globl	__flushw_user
 	.type	__flushw_user,#function
diff --git a/arch/sparc/kernel/nmi.c b/arch/sparc/kernel/nmi.c
index 8babbeb30adf..060fff95a305 100644
--- a/arch/sparc/kernel/nmi.c
+++ b/arch/sparc/kernel/nmi.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /* Pseudo NMI support on sparc64 systems.
  *
  * Copyright (C) 2009 David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
diff --git a/arch/sparc/kernel/of_device_common.c b/arch/sparc/kernel/of_device_common.c
index b186b7f0f6c4..b32cc5610712 100644
--- a/arch/sparc/kernel/of_device_common.c
+++ b/arch/sparc/kernel/of_device_common.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/string.h>
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
 #include <linux/of.h>
diff --git a/arch/sparc/kernel/pcr.c b/arch/sparc/kernel/pcr.c
index eb978c77c76a..c0886b400dad 100644
--- a/arch/sparc/kernel/pcr.c
+++ b/arch/sparc/kernel/pcr.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /* pcr.c: Generic sparc64 performance counter infrastructure.
  *
  * Copyright (C) 2009 David S. Miller (davem@davemloft.net)
diff --git a/arch/sparc/kernel/ptrace_64.c b/arch/sparc/kernel/ptrace_64.c
index e1d965e90e16..c9d41a96468f 100644
--- a/arch/sparc/kernel/ptrace_64.c
+++ b/arch/sparc/kernel/ptrace_64.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /* ptrace.c: Sparc process tracing support.
  *
  * Copyright (C) 1996, 2008 David S. Miller (davem@davemloft.net)
diff --git a/arch/sparc/kernel/stacktrace.c b/arch/sparc/kernel/stacktrace.c
index dd654e651500..d8eb1d149f9f 100644
--- a/arch/sparc/kernel/stacktrace.c
+++ b/arch/sparc/kernel/stacktrace.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/sched.h>
 #include <linux/sched/debug.h>
 #include <linux/stacktrace.h>
diff --git a/arch/sparc/kernel/traps_64.c b/arch/sparc/kernel/traps_64.c
index 0cd02a64a451..04aa588d5dd1 100644
--- a/arch/sparc/kernel/traps_64.c
+++ b/arch/sparc/kernel/traps_64.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /* arch/sparc64/kernel/traps.c
  *
  * Copyright (C) 1995,1997,2008,2009,2012 David S. Miller (davem@davemloft.net)
diff --git a/arch/x86/events/amd/core.c b/arch/x86/events/amd/core.c
index f15441b07dad..e7d35f60d53f 100644
--- a/arch/x86/events/amd/core.c
+++ b/arch/x86/events/amd/core.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/perf_event.h>
 #include <linux/export.h>
 #include <linux/types.h>
diff --git a/arch/x86/events/intel/core.c b/arch/x86/events/intel/core.c
index 546d13e436aa..a5436cee20b1 100644
--- a/arch/x86/events/intel/core.c
+++ b/arch/x86/events/intel/core.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Per core/cpu state
  *
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/acpi/cstate.c b/arch/x86/kernel/acpi/cstate.c
index cb6e076a6d39..a5e5484988fd 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/acpi/cstate.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/acpi/cstate.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Copyright (C) 2005 Intel Corporation
  * 	Venkatesh Pallipadi <venkatesh.pallipadi@intel.com>
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/alternative.c b/arch/x86/kernel/alternative.c
index 7b9b49dfc05a..390596b761e3 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/alternative.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/alternative.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #define pr_fmt(fmt) "SMP alternatives: " fmt
 
 #include <linux/module.h>
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c b/arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c
index ab6af775f06c..177aa8ef2afa 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *	Local APIC handling, local APIC timers
  *
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/amd.c b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/amd.c
index fb6a64bd765f..80a405c2048a 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/amd.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/amd.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/export.h>
 #include <linux/bitops.h>
 #include <linux/elf.h>
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/common.c b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/common.c
index d7f55ad2dfb1..2c57fffebf9b 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/common.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/common.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /* cpu_feature_enabled() cannot be used this early */
 #define USE_EARLY_PGTABLE_L5
 
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mce/core.c b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mce/core.c
index 5112a50e6486..282916f3b8d8 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mce/core.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mce/core.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Machine check handler.
  *
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mce/dev-mcelog.c b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mce/dev-mcelog.c
index 9690ec5c8051..7c8958dee103 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mce/dev-mcelog.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mce/dev-mcelog.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * /dev/mcelog driver
  *
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mce/therm_throt.c b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mce/therm_throt.c
index 10a3b0599300..6e2becf547c5 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mce/therm_throt.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mce/therm_throt.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Thermal throttle event support code (such as syslog messaging and rate
  * limiting) that was factored out from x86_64 (mce_intel.c) and i386 (p4.c).
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mtrr/generic.c b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mtrr/generic.c
index 86e277f8daf4..9356c1c9024d 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mtrr/generic.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mtrr/generic.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * This only handles 32bit MTRR on 32bit hosts. This is strictly wrong
  * because MTRRs can span up to 40 bits (36bits on most modern x86)
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/crash.c b/arch/x86/kernel/crash.c
index a96ca8584803..576b2e1bfc12 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/crash.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/crash.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Architecture specific (i386/x86_64) functions for kexec based crash dumps.
  *
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/e820.c b/arch/x86/kernel/e820.c
index 76dd605ee2a3..8f32e705a980 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/e820.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/e820.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Low level x86 E820 memory map handling functions.
  *
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/fpu/core.c b/arch/x86/kernel/fpu/core.c
index ce243f76bdb7..466fca686fb9 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/fpu/core.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/fpu/core.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  Copyright (C) 1994 Linus Torvalds
  *
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/fpu/init.c b/arch/x86/kernel/fpu/init.c
index 20d8fa7124c7..ef0030e3fe6b 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/fpu/init.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/fpu/init.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * x86 FPU boot time init code:
  */
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/fpu/xstate.c b/arch/x86/kernel/fpu/xstate.c
index 9c459fd1d38e..3c36dd1784db 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/fpu/xstate.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/fpu/xstate.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * xsave/xrstor support.
  *
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/hpet.c b/arch/x86/kernel/hpet.c
index fb32925a2e62..a0573f2e7763 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/hpet.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/hpet.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/clocksource.h>
 #include <linux/clockchips.h>
 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/irq.c b/arch/x86/kernel/irq.c
index 59b5f2ea7c2f..9b68b5b00ac9 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/irq.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/irq.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Common interrupt code for 32 and 64 bit
  */
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/nmi.c b/arch/x86/kernel/nmi.c
index 05b09896cfaf..4df7705022b9 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/nmi.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/nmi.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  Copyright (C) 1991, 1992  Linus Torvalds
  *  Copyright (C) 2000, 2001, 2002 Andi Kleen, SuSE Labs
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/process_64.c b/arch/x86/kernel/process_64.c
index f8e1af380cdf..250e4c4ac6d9 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/process_64.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/process_64.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  Copyright (C) 1995  Linus Torvalds
  *
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/ptrace.c b/arch/x86/kernel/ptrace.c
index 4b8ee05dd6ad..a166c960bc9e 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/ptrace.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/ptrace.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /* By Ross Biro 1/23/92 */
 /*
  * Pentium III FXSR, SSE support
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/setup.c b/arch/x86/kernel/setup.c
index 905dae880563..08a5f4a131f5 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/setup.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/setup.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  Copyright (C) 1995  Linus Torvalds
  *
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/tsc.c b/arch/x86/kernel/tsc.c
index 356dfc555a27..0b29e58f288e 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/tsc.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/tsc.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt
 
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/unwind_frame.c b/arch/x86/kernel/unwind_frame.c
index 9b9fd4826e7a..6106760de716 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/unwind_frame.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/unwind_frame.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/sched.h>
 #include <linux/sched/task.h>
 #include <linux/sched/task_stack.h>
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/unwind_guess.c b/arch/x86/kernel/unwind_guess.c
index 4f0e17b90463..c49f10ffd8cd 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/unwind_guess.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/unwind_guess.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/sched.h>
 #include <linux/ftrace.h>
 #include <asm/ptrace.h>
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/unwind_orc.c b/arch/x86/kernel/unwind_orc.c
index 89be1be1790c..33b66b5c5aec 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/unwind_orc.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/unwind_orc.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/module.h>
 #include <linux/sort.h>
 #include <asm/ptrace.h>
diff --git a/arch/x86/lib/clear_page_64.S b/arch/x86/lib/clear_page_64.S
index 88acd349911b..75a5a4515fa7 100644
--- a/arch/x86/lib/clear_page_64.S
+++ b/arch/x86/lib/clear_page_64.S
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only */
 #include <linux/linkage.h>
 #include <asm/export.h>
 
diff --git a/arch/x86/lib/cpu.c b/arch/x86/lib/cpu.c
index 2dd1fe13a37b..04967cdce5d1 100644
--- a/arch/x86/lib/cpu.c
+++ b/arch/x86/lib/cpu.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/types.h>
 #include <linux/export.h>
 
diff --git a/arch/x86/lib/memcpy_64.S b/arch/x86/lib/memcpy_64.S
index 9d05572370ed..92748660ba51 100644
--- a/arch/x86/lib/memcpy_64.S
+++ b/arch/x86/lib/memcpy_64.S
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only */
 /* Copyright 2002 Andi Kleen */
 
 #include <linux/linkage.h>
diff --git a/arch/x86/lib/usercopy_64.c b/arch/x86/lib/usercopy_64.c
index 9952a01cad24..e0e006f1624e 100644
--- a/arch/x86/lib/usercopy_64.c
+++ b/arch/x86/lib/usercopy_64.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /* 
  * User address space access functions.
  *
diff --git a/arch/x86/mm/extable.c b/arch/x86/mm/extable.c
index b0a2de8d2f9e..4d75bc656f97 100644
--- a/arch/x86/mm/extable.c
+++ b/arch/x86/mm/extable.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/extable.h>
 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
 #include <linux/sched/debug.h>
diff --git a/arch/x86/mm/highmem_32.c b/arch/x86/mm/highmem_32.c
index 0d4bdcb84da5..0a1898b8552e 100644
--- a/arch/x86/mm/highmem_32.c
+++ b/arch/x86/mm/highmem_32.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/highmem.h>
 #include <linux/export.h>
 #include <linux/swap.h> /* for totalram_pages */
diff --git a/arch/x86/mm/init_32.c b/arch/x86/mm/init_32.c
index 075e568098f2..f265a4316179 100644
--- a/arch/x86/mm/init_32.c
+++ b/arch/x86/mm/init_32.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *
  *  Copyright (C) 1995  Linus Torvalds
diff --git a/arch/x86/mm/init_64.c b/arch/x86/mm/init_64.c
index 62fc457f3849..693aaf28d5fe 100644
--- a/arch/x86/mm/init_64.c
+++ b/arch/x86/mm/init_64.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/arch/x86_64/mm/init.c
  *
diff --git a/arch/x86/mm/ioremap.c b/arch/x86/mm/ioremap.c
index dd73d5d74393..4b6423e7bd21 100644
--- a/arch/x86/mm/ioremap.c
+++ b/arch/x86/mm/ioremap.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Re-map IO memory to kernel address space so that we can access it.
  * This is needed for high PCI addresses that aren't mapped in the
diff --git a/arch/x86/mm/numa.c b/arch/x86/mm/numa.c
index dfb6c4df639a..e6dad600614c 100644
--- a/arch/x86/mm/numa.c
+++ b/arch/x86/mm/numa.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /* Common code for 32 and 64-bit NUMA */
 #include <linux/acpi.h>
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
diff --git a/arch/x86/mm/pageattr.c b/arch/x86/mm/pageattr.c
index daf4d645e537..6a9a77a403c9 100644
--- a/arch/x86/mm/pageattr.c
+++ b/arch/x86/mm/pageattr.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Copyright 2002 Andi Kleen, SuSE Labs.
  * Thanks to Ben LaHaise for precious feedback.
diff --git a/arch/x86/mm/pat.c b/arch/x86/mm/pat.c
index 4fe956a63b25..d9fbd4f69920 100644
--- a/arch/x86/mm/pat.c
+++ b/arch/x86/mm/pat.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Handle caching attributes in page tables (PAT)
  *
diff --git a/arch/x86/mm/tlb.c b/arch/x86/mm/tlb.c
index 7f61431c75fb..91f6db92554c 100644
--- a/arch/x86/mm/tlb.c
+++ b/arch/x86/mm/tlb.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/init.h>
 
 #include <linux/mm.h>
diff --git a/arch/x86/pci/common.c b/arch/x86/pci/common.c
index d4ec117c1142..9acab6ac28f5 100644
--- a/arch/x86/pci/common.c
+++ b/arch/x86/pci/common.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *	Low-Level PCI Support for PC
  *
diff --git a/arch/x86/pci/legacy.c b/arch/x86/pci/legacy.c
index dfbe6ac38830..467311b1eeea 100644
--- a/arch/x86/pci/legacy.c
+++ b/arch/x86/pci/legacy.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * legacy.c - traditional, old school PCI bus probing
  */
diff --git a/arch/x86/pci/xen.c b/arch/x86/pci/xen.c
index 9112d1cb397b..91220cc25854 100644
--- a/arch/x86/pci/xen.c
+++ b/arch/x86/pci/xen.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Xen PCI - handle PCI (INTx) and MSI infrastructure calls for PV, HVM and
  * initial domain support. We also handle the DSDT _PRT callbacks for GSI's
diff --git a/arch/x86/platform/efi/quirks.c b/arch/x86/platform/efi/quirks.c
index a25a9fd987a9..feb77777c8b8 100644
--- a/arch/x86/platform/efi/quirks.c
+++ b/arch/x86/platform/efi/quirks.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #define pr_fmt(fmt) "efi: " fmt
 
 #include <linux/init.h>
diff --git a/arch/x86/platform/intel-quark/imr.c b/arch/x86/platform/intel-quark/imr.c
index 49828c2707ac..b5420371d32d 100644
--- a/arch/x86/platform/intel-quark/imr.c
+++ b/arch/x86/platform/intel-quark/imr.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /**
  * imr.c -- Intel Isolated Memory Region driver
  *
diff --git a/arch/x86/platform/olpc/olpc_ofw.c b/arch/x86/platform/olpc/olpc_ofw.c
index f1aab8cdb33f..20a064568463 100644
--- a/arch/x86/platform/olpc/olpc_ofw.c
+++ b/arch/x86/platform/olpc/olpc_ofw.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
 #include <linux/export.h>
 #include <linux/spinlock_types.h>
diff --git a/drivers/acpi/debugfs.c b/drivers/acpi/debugfs.c
index 68bb305b977f..d5ecea3715f8 100644
--- a/drivers/acpi/debugfs.c
+++ b/drivers/acpi/debugfs.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * debugfs.c - ACPI debugfs interface to userspace.
  */
diff --git a/drivers/acpi/processor_core.c b/drivers/acpi/processor_core.c
index 8c0a54d50d0e..f32beb7d7882 100644
--- a/drivers/acpi/processor_core.c
+++ b/drivers/acpi/processor_core.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Copyright (C) 2005 Intel Corporation
  * Copyright (C) 2009 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.
diff --git a/drivers/acpi/scan.c b/drivers/acpi/scan.c
index 566270d0e91a..0e28270b0fd8 100644
--- a/drivers/acpi/scan.c
+++ b/drivers/acpi/scan.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * scan.c - support for transforming the ACPI namespace into individual objects
  */
diff --git a/drivers/ata/libata-acpi.c b/drivers/ata/libata-acpi.c
index 97a14fe47de1..224e3486e9a5 100644
--- a/drivers/ata/libata-acpi.c
+++ b/drivers/ata/libata-acpi.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * libata-acpi.c
  * Provides ACPI support for PATA/SATA.
diff --git a/drivers/edac/debugfs.c b/drivers/edac/debugfs.c
index 0a9277228c50..6b8e484db851 100644
--- a/drivers/edac/debugfs.c
+++ b/drivers/edac/debugfs.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include "edac_module.h"
 
 static struct dentry *edac_debugfs;
diff --git a/drivers/edac/wq.c b/drivers/edac/wq.c
index 2a9a11ae2461..d021d287eaec 100644
--- a/drivers/edac/wq.c
+++ b/drivers/edac/wq.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include "edac_module.h"
 
 static struct workqueue_struct *wq;
diff --git a/drivers/firmware/dmi_scan.c b/drivers/firmware/dmi_scan.c
index fae2d5c43314..35ed56b9c34f 100644
--- a/drivers/firmware/dmi_scan.c
+++ b/drivers/firmware/dmi_scan.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/types.h>
 #include <linux/string.h>
 #include <linux/init.h>
diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/drm_of.c b/drivers/gpu/drm/drm_of.c
index f2f71d71494a..6becf63f9166 100644
--- a/drivers/gpu/drm/drm_of.c
+++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/drm_of.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/component.h>
 #include <linux/export.h>
 #include <linux/list.h>
diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/pl111/pl111_versatile.c b/drivers/gpu/drm/pl111/pl111_versatile.c
index 1c318ad32a8c..38f4ee05285e 100644
--- a/drivers/gpu/drm/pl111/pl111_versatile.c
+++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/pl111/pl111_versatile.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/amba/clcd-regs.h>
 #include <linux/device.h>
 #include <linux/of.h>
diff --git a/drivers/ide/ide-atapi.c b/drivers/ide/ide-atapi.c
index 33a28cde126c..80bc3bf82f4d 100644
--- a/drivers/ide/ide-atapi.c
+++ b/drivers/ide/ide-atapi.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * ATAPI support.
  */
diff --git a/drivers/ide/ide-dma-sff.c b/drivers/ide/ide-dma-sff.c
index 289d16c87b8f..b7c2c0bd18b5 100644
--- a/drivers/ide/ide-dma-sff.c
+++ b/drivers/ide/ide-dma-sff.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/types.h>
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
 #include <linux/export.h>
diff --git a/drivers/ide/ide-eh.c b/drivers/ide/ide-eh.c
index e1323e058454..2f378213e9b5 100644
--- a/drivers/ide/ide-eh.c
+++ b/drivers/ide/ide-eh.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
 #include <linux/export.h>
diff --git a/drivers/ide/ide-io-std.c b/drivers/ide/ide-io-std.c
index 19763977568c..18c20a7aa0ce 100644
--- a/drivers/ide/ide-io-std.c
+++ b/drivers/ide/ide-io-std.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
 #include <linux/export.h>
diff --git a/drivers/ide/ide-ioctls.c b/drivers/ide/ide-ioctls.c
index af5119a73689..d48c17003874 100644
--- a/drivers/ide/ide-ioctls.c
+++ b/drivers/ide/ide-ioctls.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * IDE ioctls handling.
  */
diff --git a/drivers/ide/ide-iops.c b/drivers/ide/ide-iops.c
index d55e9ebd5628..d1445d74e9c3 100644
--- a/drivers/ide/ide-iops.c
+++ b/drivers/ide/ide-iops.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  Copyright (C) 2000-2002	Andre Hedrick <andre@linux-ide.org>
  *  Copyright (C) 2003		Red Hat
diff --git a/drivers/ide/ide-legacy.c b/drivers/ide/ide-legacy.c
index 30fe3630734f..be65b411ab53 100644
--- a/drivers/ide/ide-legacy.c
+++ b/drivers/ide/ide-legacy.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
 #include <linux/export.h>
 #include <linux/ide.h>
diff --git a/drivers/ide/ide-lib.c b/drivers/ide/ide-lib.c
index 78cb79eddc8b..7b9f655adbc2 100644
--- a/drivers/ide/ide-lib.c
+++ b/drivers/ide/ide-lib.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/types.h>
 #include <linux/string.h>
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
diff --git a/drivers/ide/ide-probe.c b/drivers/ide/ide-probe.c
index 4ad824984581..e867129466b0 100644
--- a/drivers/ide/ide-probe.c
+++ b/drivers/ide/ide-probe.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  Copyright (C) 1994-1998   Linus Torvalds & authors (see below)
  *  Copyright (C) 2005, 2007  Bartlomiej Zolnierkiewicz
diff --git a/drivers/ide/ide-proc.c b/drivers/ide/ide-proc.c
index a5dc13576394..0363d73b0be0 100644
--- a/drivers/ide/ide-proc.c
+++ b/drivers/ide/ide-proc.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  Copyright (C) 1997-1998	Mark Lord
  *  Copyright (C) 2003		Red Hat
diff --git a/drivers/ide/ide-taskfile.c b/drivers/ide/ide-taskfile.c
index 17b2e379e872..aab6a10435b6 100644
--- a/drivers/ide/ide-taskfile.c
+++ b/drivers/ide/ide-taskfile.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  Copyright (C) 2000-2002	   Michael Cornwell <cornwell@acm.org>
  *  Copyright (C) 2000-2002	   Andre Hedrick <andre@linux-ide.org>
diff --git a/drivers/ide/ide-xfer-mode.c b/drivers/ide/ide-xfer-mode.c
index eb421883c16d..0b9709b489b7 100644
--- a/drivers/ide/ide-xfer-mode.c
+++ b/drivers/ide/ide-xfer-mode.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/types.h>
 #include <linux/string.h>
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
diff --git a/drivers/iommu/irq_remapping.c b/drivers/iommu/irq_remapping.c
index 81cf2908c531..83f36f61416e 100644
--- a/drivers/iommu/irq_remapping.c
+++ b/drivers/iommu/irq_remapping.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/cpumask.h>
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
 #include <linux/string.h>
diff --git a/drivers/mcb/mcb-parse.c b/drivers/mcb/mcb-parse.c
index 7369bda3442f..3b69e6aa3d88 100644
--- a/drivers/mcb/mcb-parse.c
+++ b/drivers/mcb/mcb-parse.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/types.h>
 #include <linux/ioport.h>
 #include <linux/slab.h>
diff --git a/drivers/md/md-bitmap.c b/drivers/md/md-bitmap.c
index 3a62a46b75c7..c01d41198f5e 100644
--- a/drivers/md/md-bitmap.c
+++ b/drivers/md/md-bitmap.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * bitmap.c two-level bitmap (C) Peter T. Breuer (ptb@ot.uc3m.es) 2003
  *
diff --git a/drivers/media/common/saa7146/saa7146_hlp.c b/drivers/media/common/saa7146/saa7146_hlp.c
index 6ebcbc6450f5..6c9946a402ee 100644
--- a/drivers/media/common/saa7146/saa7146_hlp.c
+++ b/drivers/media/common/saa7146/saa7146_hlp.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt
 
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
diff --git a/drivers/media/v4l2-core/v4l2-compat-ioctl32.c b/drivers/media/v4l2-core/v4l2-compat-ioctl32.c
index 73dac1d8d4f6..e1eaf1135c7f 100644
--- a/drivers/media/v4l2-core/v4l2-compat-ioctl32.c
+++ b/drivers/media/v4l2-core/v4l2-compat-ioctl32.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * ioctl32.c: Conversion between 32bit and 64bit native ioctls.
  *	Separated from fs stuff by Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
diff --git a/drivers/misc/atmel_tclib.c b/drivers/misc/atmel_tclib.c
index 2c6850ef0e9c..08b5b639d77f 100644
--- a/drivers/misc/atmel_tclib.c
+++ b/drivers/misc/atmel_tclib.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/clk.h>
 #include <linux/err.h>
 #include <linux/init.h>
diff --git a/drivers/mmc/host/sdhci-pci-data.c b/drivers/mmc/host/sdhci-pci-data.c
index a611217769f5..18638fb363d8 100644
--- a/drivers/mmc/host/sdhci-pci-data.c
+++ b/drivers/mmc/host/sdhci-pci-data.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/module.h>
 #include <linux/mmc/sdhci-pci-data.h>
 
diff --git a/drivers/net/phy/phy-c45.c b/drivers/net/phy/phy-c45.c
index abe13dfe50ad..b9d4145781ca 100644
--- a/drivers/net/phy/phy-c45.c
+++ b/drivers/net/phy/phy-c45.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Clause 45 PHY support
  */
diff --git a/drivers/net/phy/sfp-bus.c b/drivers/net/phy/sfp-bus.c
index fef701bfad62..e9c187946cca 100644
--- a/drivers/net/phy/sfp-bus.c
+++ b/drivers/net/phy/sfp-bus.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/export.h>
 #include <linux/kref.h>
 #include <linux/list.h>
diff --git a/drivers/net/wireless/marvell/libertas/cmd.c b/drivers/net/wireless/marvell/libertas/cmd.c
index c1f422918737..a4d9dd73b258 100644
--- a/drivers/net/wireless/marvell/libertas/cmd.c
+++ b/drivers/net/wireless/marvell/libertas/cmd.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * This file contains the handling of command.
  * It prepares command and sends it to firmware when it is ready.
diff --git a/drivers/net/wireless/marvell/libertas/firmware.c b/drivers/net/wireless/marvell/libertas/firmware.c
index 51b92b5df119..69029c59a272 100644
--- a/drivers/net/wireless/marvell/libertas/firmware.c
+++ b/drivers/net/wireless/marvell/libertas/firmware.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Firmware loading and handling functions.
  */
diff --git a/drivers/net/wireless/marvell/libertas/rx.c b/drivers/net/wireless/marvell/libertas/rx.c
index 7586ff681b23..58a1fc433b73 100644
--- a/drivers/net/wireless/marvell/libertas/rx.c
+++ b/drivers/net/wireless/marvell/libertas/rx.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * This file contains the handling of RX in wlan driver.
  */
diff --git a/drivers/net/wireless/marvell/libertas/tx.c b/drivers/net/wireless/marvell/libertas/tx.c
index 723ba5fd0bfe..aeb481740df6 100644
--- a/drivers/net/wireless/marvell/libertas/tx.c
+++ b/drivers/net/wireless/marvell/libertas/tx.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * This file contains the handling of TX in wlan driver.
  */
diff --git a/drivers/perf/arm_pmu.c b/drivers/perf/arm_pmu.c
index eec75b97e7ea..2d06b8095a19 100644
--- a/drivers/perf/arm_pmu.c
+++ b/drivers/perf/arm_pmu.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #undef DEBUG
 
 /*
diff --git a/drivers/ras/debugfs.c b/drivers/ras/debugfs.c
index 501603057dff..9c1b717efad8 100644
--- a/drivers/ras/debugfs.c
+++ b/drivers/ras/debugfs.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/debugfs.h>
 
 struct dentry *ras_debugfs_dir;
diff --git a/drivers/rtc/rtc-mc146818-lib.c b/drivers/rtc/rtc-mc146818-lib.c
index 18a6f15e313d..2ecd8752b088 100644
--- a/drivers/rtc/rtc-mc146818-lib.c
+++ b/drivers/rtc/rtc-mc146818-lib.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/bcd.h>
 #include <linux/delay.h>
 #include <linux/export.h>
diff --git a/drivers/scsi/hosts.c b/drivers/scsi/hosts.c
index eaf329db3973..ff0d8c6a8d0c 100644
--- a/drivers/scsi/hosts.c
+++ b/drivers/scsi/hosts.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  hosts.c Copyright (C) 1992 Drew Eckhardt
  *          Copyright (C) 1993, 1994, 1995 Eric Youngdale
diff --git a/drivers/scsi/libsas/sas_task.c b/drivers/scsi/libsas/sas_task.c
index c3b9befad4e6..1ded7d85027e 100644
--- a/drivers/scsi/libsas/sas_task.c
+++ b/drivers/scsi/libsas/sas_task.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 
 #include "sas_internal.h"
 
diff --git a/drivers/scsi/scsi_error.c b/drivers/scsi/scsi_error.c
index 8e9680572b9f..bfa569facd5b 100644
--- a/drivers/scsi/scsi_error.c
+++ b/drivers/scsi/scsi_error.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  scsi_error.c Copyright (C) 1997 Eric Youngdale
  *
diff --git a/drivers/scsi/scsi_ioctl.c b/drivers/scsi/scsi_ioctl.c
index 840d96fe81bc..57bcd05605bf 100644
--- a/drivers/scsi/scsi_ioctl.c
+++ b/drivers/scsi/scsi_ioctl.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Changes:
  * Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@conectiva.com.br> 08/23/2000
diff --git a/drivers/scsi/scsi_lib.c b/drivers/scsi/scsi_lib.c
index 0916bd6d22b0..65d0a10c76ad 100644
--- a/drivers/scsi/scsi_lib.c
+++ b/drivers/scsi/scsi_lib.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Copyright (C) 1999 Eric Youngdale
  * Copyright (C) 2014 Christoph Hellwig
diff --git a/drivers/scsi/scsi_pm.c b/drivers/scsi/scsi_pm.c
index 7639df91b110..48ee68059fe6 100644
--- a/drivers/scsi/scsi_pm.c
+++ b/drivers/scsi/scsi_pm.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *	scsi_pm.c	Copyright (C) 2010 Alan Stern
  *
diff --git a/drivers/scsi/scsi_sysfs.c b/drivers/scsi/scsi_sysfs.c
index 3b119ca0cc0c..dbb206c90ecf 100644
--- a/drivers/scsi/scsi_sysfs.c
+++ b/drivers/scsi/scsi_sysfs.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * scsi_sysfs.c
  *
diff --git a/drivers/video/console/dummycon.c b/drivers/video/console/dummycon.c
index 45ad925ad5f8..ff886e99104b 100644
--- a/drivers/video/console/dummycon.c
+++ b/drivers/video/console/dummycon.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/drivers/video/dummycon.c -- A dummy console driver
  *
diff --git a/drivers/video/fbdev/via/via-core.c b/drivers/video/fbdev/via/via-core.c
index b041eb27a9bf..e2b2062673da 100644
--- a/drivers/video/fbdev/via/via-core.c
+++ b/drivers/video/fbdev/via/via-core.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Copyright 1998-2009 VIA Technologies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
  * Copyright 2001-2008 S3 Graphics, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
diff --git a/drivers/video/logo/logo.c b/drivers/video/logo/logo.c
index 36aa050f9a21..141f15a9a459 100644
--- a/drivers/video/logo/logo.c
+++ b/drivers/video/logo/logo.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 
 /*
  *  Linux logo to be displayed on boot
diff --git a/drivers/xen/dbgp.c b/drivers/xen/dbgp.c
index 8145a59fd9f6..cfb5de31d860 100644
--- a/drivers/xen/dbgp.c
+++ b/drivers/xen/dbgp.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/pci.h>
 #include <linux/usb.h>
 #include <linux/usb/ehci_def.h>
diff --git a/drivers/xen/efi.c b/drivers/xen/efi.c
index 9243a9051078..89d60f8e3c18 100644
--- a/drivers/xen/efi.c
+++ b/drivers/xen/efi.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * EFI support for Xen.
  *
diff --git a/drivers/xen/events/events_base.c b/drivers/xen/events/events_base.c
index 084e45882c73..ff9b51055b14 100644
--- a/drivers/xen/events/events_base.c
+++ b/drivers/xen/events/events_base.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Xen event channels
  *
diff --git a/drivers/xen/features.c b/drivers/xen/features.c
index d7d34fdfc993..25c053b09605 100644
--- a/drivers/xen/features.c
+++ b/drivers/xen/features.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /******************************************************************************
  * features.c
  *
diff --git a/drivers/xen/manage.c b/drivers/xen/manage.c
index 5bb01a62f214..cd046684e0d1 100644
--- a/drivers/xen/manage.c
+++ b/drivers/xen/manage.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Handle extern requests for shutdown, reboot and sysrq
  */
diff --git a/fs/anon_inodes.c b/fs/anon_inodes.c
index 91262c34b797..c2b8663f5b00 100644
--- a/fs/anon_inodes.c
+++ b/fs/anon_inodes.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  fs/anon_inodes.c
  *
diff --git a/fs/block_dev.c b/fs/block_dev.c
index 0f7552a87d54..e6886c93c89d 100644
--- a/fs/block_dev.c
+++ b/fs/block_dev.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/fs/block_dev.c
  *
diff --git a/fs/buffer.c b/fs/buffer.c
index 0faa41fb4c88..e450c55f6434 100644
--- a/fs/buffer.c
+++ b/fs/buffer.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/fs/buffer.c
  *
diff --git a/fs/crypto/hooks.c b/fs/crypto/hooks.c
index 2dc22549d724..bd525f7573a4 100644
--- a/fs/crypto/hooks.c
+++ b/fs/crypto/hooks.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * fs/crypto/hooks.c
  *
diff --git a/fs/dcache.c b/fs/dcache.c
index 8136bda27a1f..c435398f2c81 100644
--- a/fs/dcache.c
+++ b/fs/dcache.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * fs/dcache.c
  *
diff --git a/fs/dcookies.c b/fs/dcookies.c
index 57bc96435feb..6eeb61100a09 100644
--- a/fs/dcookies.c
+++ b/fs/dcookies.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * dcookies.c
  *
diff --git a/fs/direct-io.c b/fs/direct-io.c
index fbe885d68035..ac7fb19b6ade 100644
--- a/fs/direct-io.c
+++ b/fs/direct-io.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * fs/direct-io.c
  *
diff --git a/fs/eventfd.c b/fs/eventfd.c
index 93b1fa7bb298..8aa0ea8c55e8 100644
--- a/fs/eventfd.c
+++ b/fs/eventfd.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  fs/eventfd.c
  *
diff --git a/fs/exec.c b/fs/exec.c
index d88584ebf07f..89a500bb897a 100644
--- a/fs/exec.c
+++ b/fs/exec.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/fs/exec.c
  *
diff --git a/fs/fat/dir.c b/fs/fat/dir.c
index 9d01db37183f..1bda2ab6745b 100644
--- a/fs/fat/dir.c
+++ b/fs/fat/dir.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/fs/fat/dir.c
  *
diff --git a/fs/fat/file.c b/fs/fat/file.c
index 0e3ed79fcc3f..4614c0ba5f1c 100644
--- a/fs/fat/file.c
+++ b/fs/fat/file.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/fs/fat/file.c
  *
diff --git a/fs/fat/misc.c b/fs/fat/misc.c
index 4fc950bb6433..1e08bd54c5fb 100644
--- a/fs/fat/misc.c
+++ b/fs/fat/misc.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/fs/fat/misc.c
  *
diff --git a/fs/file_table.c b/fs/file_table.c
index 3f9c1b452c1d..b07b53f24ff5 100644
--- a/fs/file_table.c
+++ b/fs/file_table.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/fs/file_table.c
  *
diff --git a/fs/fs-writeback.c b/fs/fs-writeback.c
index b16645b417d9..e41cbe8e81b9 100644
--- a/fs/fs-writeback.c
+++ b/fs/fs-writeback.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * fs/fs-writeback.c
  *
diff --git a/fs/fs_struct.c b/fs/fs_struct.c
index be0250788b73..ca639ed967b7 100644
--- a/fs/fs_struct.c
+++ b/fs/fs_struct.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/export.h>
 #include <linux/sched/signal.h>
 #include <linux/sched/task.h>
diff --git a/fs/inode.c b/fs/inode.c
index e9d18b2c3f91..df6542ec3b88 100644
--- a/fs/inode.c
+++ b/fs/inode.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * (C) 1997 Linus Torvalds
  * (C) 1999 Andrea Arcangeli <andrea@suse.de> (dynamic inode allocation)
diff --git a/fs/libfs.c b/fs/libfs.c
index 4b59b1816efb..7e52e77692ec 100644
--- a/fs/libfs.c
+++ b/fs/libfs.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *	fs/libfs.c
  *	Library for filesystems writers.
diff --git a/fs/lockd/clntlock.c b/fs/lockd/clntlock.c
index 5fb4f8910aab..a5bb3f721a9d 100644
--- a/fs/lockd/clntlock.c
+++ b/fs/lockd/clntlock.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * linux/fs/lockd/clntlock.c
  *
diff --git a/fs/lockd/clntproc.c b/fs/lockd/clntproc.c
index d9c32d1a20c0..62f98225abb3 100644
--- a/fs/lockd/clntproc.c
+++ b/fs/lockd/clntproc.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * linux/fs/lockd/clntproc.c
  *
diff --git a/fs/lockd/svcsubs.c b/fs/lockd/svcsubs.c
index 899360ba3b84..0e610f422406 100644
--- a/fs/lockd/svcsubs.c
+++ b/fs/lockd/svcsubs.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * linux/fs/lockd/svcsubs.c
  *
diff --git a/fs/locks.c b/fs/locks.c
index 8af49f89ac2f..ec1e4a5df629 100644
--- a/fs/locks.c
+++ b/fs/locks.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/fs/locks.c
  *
diff --git a/fs/nfs/delegation.c b/fs/nfs/delegation.c
index 8b78274e3e56..0ff3facf81da 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/delegation.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/delegation.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * linux/fs/nfs/delegation.c
  *
diff --git a/fs/nfs/dir.c b/fs/nfs/dir.c
index 47d445bec8c9..57b6a45576ad 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/dir.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/dir.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/fs/nfs/dir.c
  *
diff --git a/fs/nfs/direct.c b/fs/nfs/direct.c
index 2436bd92bc00..0cb442406168 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/direct.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/direct.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * linux/fs/nfs/direct.c
  *
diff --git a/fs/nfs/file.c b/fs/nfs/file.c
index 144e183250c3..95dc90570786 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/file.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/file.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/fs/nfs/file.c
  *
diff --git a/fs/nfs/namespace.c b/fs/nfs/namespace.c
index 15f099a24c29..9287eb666322 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/namespace.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/namespace.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * linux/fs/nfs/namespace.c
  *
diff --git a/fs/nfs/nfs3client.c b/fs/nfs/nfs3client.c
index 1afdb0f7473f..fb0c425b5d45 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/nfs3client.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/nfs3client.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/nfs_fs.h>
 #include <linux/nfs_mount.h>
 #include <linux/sunrpc/addr.h>
diff --git a/fs/nfs/nfs4client.c b/fs/nfs/nfs4client.c
index 3ce246346f02..81b9b6d7927a 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/nfs4client.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/nfs4client.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Copyright (C) 2006 Red Hat, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
  * Written by David Howells (dhowells@redhat.com)
diff --git a/fs/nfs/nfs4session.c b/fs/nfs/nfs4session.c
index bcb532def9e2..4145a0138907 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/nfs4session.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/nfs4session.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * fs/nfs/nfs4session.c
  *
diff --git a/fs/nfs/pagelist.c b/fs/nfs/pagelist.c
index 6ec30014a439..6ef5278326b6 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/pagelist.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/pagelist.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * linux/fs/nfs/pagelist.c
  *
diff --git a/fs/nfs/pnfs_nfs.c b/fs/nfs/pnfs_nfs.c
index f5ad75fafc3c..c0046c348910 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/pnfs_nfs.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/pnfs_nfs.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Common NFS I/O  operations for the pnfs file based
  * layout drivers.
diff --git a/fs/nfs/read.c b/fs/nfs/read.c
index c799e540ed1e..c19841c82b6a 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/read.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/read.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * linux/fs/nfs/read.c
  *
diff --git a/fs/nfs/super.c b/fs/nfs/super.c
index d6c687419a81..f88ddac2dcdf 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/super.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/super.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/fs/nfs/super.c
  *
diff --git a/fs/nfs/write.c b/fs/nfs/write.c
index bc5bb9323412..059a7c38bc4f 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/write.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/write.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * linux/fs/nfs/write.c
  *
diff --git a/fs/open.c b/fs/open.c
index 9c7d724a6f67..b5b80469b93d 100644
--- a/fs/open.c
+++ b/fs/open.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/fs/open.c
  *
diff --git a/fs/posix_acl.c b/fs/posix_acl.c
index 2fd0fde16fe1..84ad1c90d535 100644
--- a/fs/posix_acl.c
+++ b/fs/posix_acl.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Copyright (C) 2002,2003 by Andreas Gruenbacher <a.gruenbacher@computer.org>
  *
diff --git a/fs/proc/generic.c b/fs/proc/generic.c
index e39bac94dead..64e9ee1b129e 100644
--- a/fs/proc/generic.c
+++ b/fs/proc/generic.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * proc/fs/generic.c --- generic routines for the proc-fs
  *
diff --git a/fs/proc/proc_net.c b/fs/proc/proc_net.c
index a7b12435519e..76ae278df1c4 100644
--- a/fs/proc/proc_net.c
+++ b/fs/proc/proc_net.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/fs/proc/net.c
  *
diff --git a/fs/proc/vmcore.c b/fs/proc/vmcore.c
index 3fe90443c1bb..7bb96fdd38ad 100644
--- a/fs/proc/vmcore.c
+++ b/fs/proc/vmcore.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *	fs/proc/vmcore.c Interface for accessing the crash
  * 				 dump from the system's previous life.
diff --git a/fs/splice.c b/fs/splice.c
index 25212dcca2df..14cb602d9a2f 100644
--- a/fs/splice.c
+++ b/fs/splice.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * "splice": joining two ropes together by interweaving their strands.
  *
diff --git a/fs/stack.c b/fs/stack.c
index 664ed35558bd..4ef2c056269d 100644
--- a/fs/stack.c
+++ b/fs/stack.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/export.h>
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #include <linux/fs_stack.h>
diff --git a/fs/xattr.c b/fs/xattr.c
index 0d6a6a4af861..90dd78f0eb27 100644
--- a/fs/xattr.c
+++ b/fs/xattr.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
   File: fs/xattr.c
 
diff --git a/include/linux/percpu-defs.h b/include/linux/percpu-defs.h
index 1ce8e264a269..a6fabd865211 100644
--- a/include/linux/percpu-defs.h
+++ b/include/linux/percpu-defs.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only */
 /*
  * linux/percpu-defs.h - basic definitions for percpu areas
  *
diff --git a/init/do_mounts.c b/init/do_mounts.c
index f8c230c77035..2d1ea3028454 100644
--- a/init/do_mounts.c
+++ b/init/do_mounts.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/module.h>
 #include <linux/sched.h>
 #include <linux/ctype.h>
diff --git a/init/main.c b/init/main.c
index 5a2c69b4d7b3..66a196c5e4c3 100644
--- a/init/main.c
+++ b/init/main.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/init/main.c
  *
diff --git a/init/version.c b/init/version.c
index ef4012ec4375..cba341161b58 100644
--- a/init/version.c
+++ b/init/version.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/init/version.c
  *
diff --git a/kernel/bpf/tnum.c b/kernel/bpf/tnum.c
index 938d41211be7..ca52b9642943 100644
--- a/kernel/bpf/tnum.c
+++ b/kernel/bpf/tnum.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /* tnum: tracked (or tristate) numbers
  *
  * A tnum tracks knowledge about the bits of a value.  Each bit can be either
diff --git a/kernel/cgroup/cgroup-v1.c b/kernel/cgroup/cgroup-v1.c
index 68ca5de7ec27..88006be40ea3 100644
--- a/kernel/cgroup/cgroup-v1.c
+++ b/kernel/cgroup/cgroup-v1.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include "cgroup-internal.h"
 
 #include <linux/ctype.h>
diff --git a/kernel/cgroup/rstat.c b/kernel/cgroup/rstat.c
index bb95a35e8c2d..ca19b4c8acf5 100644
--- a/kernel/cgroup/rstat.c
+++ b/kernel/cgroup/rstat.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include "cgroup-internal.h"
 
 #include <linux/sched/cputime.h>
diff --git a/kernel/context_tracking.c b/kernel/context_tracking.c
index 9ad37b9e44a7..be01a4d627c9 100644
--- a/kernel/context_tracking.c
+++ b/kernel/context_tracking.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Context tracking: Probe on high level context boundaries such as kernel
  * and userspace. This includes syscalls and exceptions entry/exit.
diff --git a/kernel/crash_dump.c b/kernel/crash_dump.c
index b64e238b553b..9c23ae074b40 100644
--- a/kernel/crash_dump.c
+++ b/kernel/crash_dump.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
 #include <linux/crash_dump.h>
 #include <linux/init.h>
diff --git a/kernel/dma/swiotlb.c b/kernel/dma/swiotlb.c
index 6f7619c1f877..13f0cb080a4d 100644
--- a/kernel/dma/swiotlb.c
+++ b/kernel/dma/swiotlb.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Dynamic DMA mapping support.
  *
diff --git a/kernel/exit.c b/kernel/exit.c
index 8361a560cd1d..1803efb2922f 100644
--- a/kernel/exit.c
+++ b/kernel/exit.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/kernel/exit.c
  *
diff --git a/kernel/fork.c b/kernel/fork.c
index b4cba953040a..b2b87d450b80 100644
--- a/kernel/fork.c
+++ b/kernel/fork.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/kernel/fork.c
  *
diff --git a/kernel/freezer.c b/kernel/freezer.c
index b162b74611e4..c0738424bb43 100644
--- a/kernel/freezer.c
+++ b/kernel/freezer.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * kernel/freezer.c - Function to freeze a process
  *
diff --git a/kernel/hung_task.c b/kernel/hung_task.c
index f108a95882c6..14a625c16cb3 100644
--- a/kernel/hung_task.c
+++ b/kernel/hung_task.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Detect Hung Task
  *
diff --git a/kernel/irq_work.c b/kernel/irq_work.c
index 73288914ed5e..d42acaf81886 100644
--- a/kernel/irq_work.c
+++ b/kernel/irq_work.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Copyright (C) 2010 Red Hat, Inc., Peter Zijlstra
  *
diff --git a/kernel/jump_label.c b/kernel/jump_label.c
index de6efdecc70d..0bfa10f4410c 100644
--- a/kernel/jump_label.c
+++ b/kernel/jump_label.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * jump label support
  *
diff --git a/kernel/kallsyms.c b/kernel/kallsyms.c
index 14934afa9e68..95a260f9214b 100644
--- a/kernel/kallsyms.c
+++ b/kernel/kallsyms.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * kallsyms.c: in-kernel printing of symbolic oopses and stack traces.
  *
diff --git a/kernel/kthread.c b/kernel/kthread.c
index be4e8795561a..621467c33fef 100644
--- a/kernel/kthread.c
+++ b/kernel/kthread.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /* Kernel thread helper functions.
  *   Copyright (C) 2004 IBM Corporation, Rusty Russell.
  *
diff --git a/kernel/locking/lockdep.c b/kernel/locking/lockdep.c
index d06190fa5082..c47788fa85f9 100644
--- a/kernel/locking/lockdep.c
+++ b/kernel/locking/lockdep.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * kernel/lockdep.c
  *
diff --git a/kernel/locking/mutex.c b/kernel/locking/mutex.c
index db578783dd36..0c601ae072b3 100644
--- a/kernel/locking/mutex.c
+++ b/kernel/locking/mutex.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * kernel/locking/mutex.c
  *
diff --git a/kernel/locking/percpu-rwsem.c b/kernel/locking/percpu-rwsem.c
index f17dad99eec8..b6a9cc62099a 100644
--- a/kernel/locking/percpu-rwsem.c
+++ b/kernel/locking/percpu-rwsem.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/atomic.h>
 #include <linux/rwsem.h>
 #include <linux/percpu.h>
diff --git a/kernel/locking/rtmutex.c b/kernel/locking/rtmutex.c
index 978d63a8261c..38fbf9fa7f1b 100644
--- a/kernel/locking/rtmutex.c
+++ b/kernel/locking/rtmutex.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * RT-Mutexes: simple blocking mutual exclusion locks with PI support
  *
diff --git a/kernel/notifier.c b/kernel/notifier.c
index bfc95b3e4235..d9f5081d578d 100644
--- a/kernel/notifier.c
+++ b/kernel/notifier.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/kdebug.h>
 #include <linux/kprobes.h>
 #include <linux/export.h>
diff --git a/kernel/panic.c b/kernel/panic.c
index b4543a31a495..4d9f55bf7d38 100644
--- a/kernel/panic.c
+++ b/kernel/panic.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/kernel/panic.c
  *
diff --git a/kernel/pid.c b/kernel/pid.c
index 89548d35eefb..e5cad0c7d5dd 100644
--- a/kernel/pid.c
+++ b/kernel/pid.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Generic pidhash and scalable, time-bounded PID allocator
  *
diff --git a/kernel/pid_namespace.c b/kernel/pid_namespace.c
index aa6e72fb7c08..f54bc7cb6c2d 100644
--- a/kernel/pid_namespace.c
+++ b/kernel/pid_namespace.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Pid namespaces
  *
diff --git a/kernel/power/qos.c b/kernel/power/qos.c
index 9d22131afc1e..33e3febaba53 100644
--- a/kernel/power/qos.c
+++ b/kernel/power/qos.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * This module exposes the interface to kernel space for specifying
  * QoS dependencies.  It provides infrastructure for registration of:
diff --git a/kernel/printk/printk.c b/kernel/printk/printk.c
index a6e06fe38e41..1888f6a3b694 100644
--- a/kernel/printk/printk.c
+++ b/kernel/printk/printk.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/kernel/printk.c
  *
diff --git a/kernel/profile.c b/kernel/profile.c
index 9c08a2c7cb1d..af7c94bf5fa1 100644
--- a/kernel/profile.c
+++ b/kernel/profile.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/kernel/profile.c
  *  Simple profiling. Manages a direct-mapped profile hit count buffer,
diff --git a/kernel/ptrace.c b/kernel/ptrace.c
index 6f357f4fc859..5710d07e67cf 100644
--- a/kernel/ptrace.c
+++ b/kernel/ptrace.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * linux/kernel/ptrace.c
  *
diff --git a/kernel/reboot.c b/kernel/reboot.c
index b9e79e8c7226..c4d472b7f1b4 100644
--- a/kernel/reboot.c
+++ b/kernel/reboot.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/kernel/reboot.c
  *
diff --git a/kernel/resource.c b/kernel/resource.c
index 8c15f846e8ef..158f04ec1d4f 100644
--- a/kernel/resource.c
+++ b/kernel/resource.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *	linux/kernel/resource.c
  *
diff --git a/kernel/sched/clock.c b/kernel/sched/clock.c
index e3e3b979f9bd..1152259a4ca0 100644
--- a/kernel/sched/clock.c
+++ b/kernel/sched/clock.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * sched_clock() for unstable CPU clocks
  *
diff --git a/kernel/sched/core.c b/kernel/sched/core.c
index 102dfcf0a29a..874c427742a9 100644
--- a/kernel/sched/core.c
+++ b/kernel/sched/core.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  kernel/sched/core.c
  *
diff --git a/kernel/sched/cputime.c b/kernel/sched/cputime.c
index ba4a143bdcf3..2305ce89a26c 100644
--- a/kernel/sched/cputime.c
+++ b/kernel/sched/cputime.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Simple CPU accounting cgroup controller
  */
diff --git a/kernel/sched/idle.c b/kernel/sched/idle.c
index f5516bae0c1b..80940939b733 100644
--- a/kernel/sched/idle.c
+++ b/kernel/sched/idle.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Generic entry points for the idle threads and
  * implementation of the idle task scheduling class.
diff --git a/kernel/sched/isolation.c b/kernel/sched/isolation.c
index 687302051a27..123ea07a3f3b 100644
--- a/kernel/sched/isolation.c
+++ b/kernel/sched/isolation.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  Housekeeping management. Manage the targets for routine code that can run on
  *  any CPU: unbound workqueues, timers, kthreads and any offloadable work.
diff --git a/kernel/sched/wait.c b/kernel/sched/wait.c
index 6eb1f8efd221..fa0f9adfb752 100644
--- a/kernel/sched/wait.c
+++ b/kernel/sched/wait.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Generic waiting primitives.
  *
diff --git a/kernel/sched/wait_bit.c b/kernel/sched/wait_bit.c
index c67c6d24adc2..45eba18a2898 100644
--- a/kernel/sched/wait_bit.c
+++ b/kernel/sched/wait_bit.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * The implementation of the wait_bit*() and related waiting APIs:
  */
diff --git a/kernel/signal.c b/kernel/signal.c
index a1eb44dc9ff5..d7b9d14ac80d 100644
--- a/kernel/signal.c
+++ b/kernel/signal.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/kernel/signal.c
  *
diff --git a/kernel/smp.c b/kernel/smp.c
index f4cf1b0bb3b8..d155374632eb 100644
--- a/kernel/smp.c
+++ b/kernel/smp.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Generic helpers for smp ipi calls
  *
diff --git a/kernel/smpboot.c b/kernel/smpboot.c
index c230c2dd48e1..2efe1e206167 100644
--- a/kernel/smpboot.c
+++ b/kernel/smpboot.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Common SMP CPU bringup/teardown functions
  */
diff --git a/kernel/stacktrace.c b/kernel/stacktrace.c
index 27bafc1e271e..5667f1da3ede 100644
--- a/kernel/stacktrace.c
+++ b/kernel/stacktrace.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * kernel/stacktrace.c
  *
diff --git a/kernel/sysctl.c b/kernel/sysctl.c
index 943c89178e3d..7d1008be6173 100644
--- a/kernel/sysctl.c
+++ b/kernel/sysctl.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * sysctl.c: General linux system control interface
  *
diff --git a/kernel/umh.c b/kernel/umh.c
index d937cbad903a..7f255b5a8845 100644
--- a/kernel/umh.c
+++ b/kernel/umh.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * umh - the kernel usermode helper
  */
diff --git a/kernel/up.c b/kernel/up.c
index ff536f9cc8a2..483c9962c999 100644
--- a/kernel/up.c
+++ b/kernel/up.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Uniprocessor-only support functions.  The counterpart to kernel/smp.c
  */
diff --git a/kernel/user-return-notifier.c b/kernel/user-return-notifier.c
index 9586b670a5b2..870ecd7c63ed 100644
--- a/kernel/user-return-notifier.c
+++ b/kernel/user-return-notifier.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 
 #include <linux/user-return-notifier.h>
 #include <linux/percpu.h>
diff --git a/kernel/user.c b/kernel/user.c
index 88b834f0eebc..78b17e36e705 100644
--- a/kernel/user.c
+++ b/kernel/user.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * The "user cache".
  *
diff --git a/kernel/workqueue.c b/kernel/workqueue.c
index 9657315405de..95aea04ff722 100644
--- a/kernel/workqueue.c
+++ b/kernel/workqueue.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * kernel/workqueue.c - generic async execution with shared worker pool
  *
diff --git a/lib/debug_locks.c b/lib/debug_locks.c
index ce51749cc145..a75ee30b77cb 100644
--- a/lib/debug_locks.c
+++ b/lib/debug_locks.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * lib/debug_locks.c
  *
diff --git a/lib/fault-inject.c b/lib/fault-inject.c
index e26aa4f65eb9..3cb21b2bf088 100644
--- a/lib/fault-inject.c
+++ b/lib/fault-inject.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
 #include <linux/init.h>
 #include <linux/random.h>
diff --git a/lib/idr.c b/lib/idr.c
index cb1db9b8d3f6..c34e256d2f01 100644
--- a/lib/idr.c
+++ b/lib/idr.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/bitmap.h>
 #include <linux/bug.h>
 #include <linux/export.h>
diff --git a/lib/interval_tree.c b/lib/interval_tree.c
index c85f6600a5f8..593ce56ece50 100644
--- a/lib/interval_tree.c
+++ b/lib/interval_tree.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/interval_tree.h>
 #include <linux/interval_tree_generic.h>
 #include <linux/compiler.h>
diff --git a/lib/iov_iter.c b/lib/iov_iter.c
index f74fa832f3aa..f99c41d4eb54 100644
--- a/lib/iov_iter.c
+++ b/lib/iov_iter.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/export.h>
 #include <linux/bvec.h>
 #include <linux/uio.h>
diff --git a/lib/math/gcd.c b/lib/math/gcd.c
index 7948ab27f0a4..e3b042214d1b 100644
--- a/lib/math/gcd.c
+++ b/lib/math/gcd.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
 #include <linux/gcd.h>
 #include <linux/export.h>
diff --git a/lib/math/lcm.c b/lib/math/lcm.c
index 03d7fcb420b5..6e0b2e736700 100644
--- a/lib/math/lcm.c
+++ b/lib/math/lcm.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/compiler.h>
 #include <linux/gcd.h>
 #include <linux/export.h>
diff --git a/lib/percpu-refcount.c b/lib/percpu-refcount.c
index da54318d3b55..071a76c7bac0 100644
--- a/lib/percpu-refcount.c
+++ b/lib/percpu-refcount.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #define pr_fmt(fmt) "%s: " fmt "\n", __func__
 
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
diff --git a/lib/sg_pool.c b/lib/sg_pool.c
index d1c1e6388eaa..cff20df2695e 100644
--- a/lib/sg_pool.c
+++ b/lib/sg_pool.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/module.h>
 #include <linux/scatterlist.h>
 #include <linux/mempool.h>
diff --git a/lib/string_helpers.c b/lib/string_helpers.c
index 29c490e5d478..4403e1924f73 100644
--- a/lib/string_helpers.c
+++ b/lib/string_helpers.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Helpers for formatting and printing strings
  *
diff --git a/lib/vsprintf.c b/lib/vsprintf.c
index 2f003cfe340e..63937044c57d 100644
--- a/lib/vsprintf.c
+++ b/lib/vsprintf.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/lib/vsprintf.c
  *
diff --git a/mm/backing-dev.c b/mm/backing-dev.c
index 72e6d0c55cfa..909dae445ea7 100644
--- a/mm/backing-dev.c
+++ b/mm/backing-dev.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 
 #include <linux/wait.h>
 #include <linux/backing-dev.h>
diff --git a/mm/balloon_compaction.c b/mm/balloon_compaction.c
index ef858d547e2d..ba739b76e6c5 100644
--- a/mm/balloon_compaction.c
+++ b/mm/balloon_compaction.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * mm/balloon_compaction.c
  *
diff --git a/mm/filemap.c b/mm/filemap.c
index c5af80c43d36..df2006ba0cfa 100644
--- a/mm/filemap.c
+++ b/mm/filemap.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *	linux/mm/filemap.c
  *
diff --git a/mm/gup.c b/mm/gup.c
index 2c08248d4fa2..f173fcbaf1b2 100644
--- a/mm/gup.c
+++ b/mm/gup.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
 #include <linux/errno.h>
 #include <linux/err.h>
diff --git a/mm/hugetlb.c b/mm/hugetlb.c
index 81718c56b8f5..ac843d32b019 100644
--- a/mm/hugetlb.c
+++ b/mm/hugetlb.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Generic hugetlb support.
  * (C) Nadia Yvette Chambers, April 2004
diff --git a/mm/list_lru.c b/mm/list_lru.c
index 0730bf8ff39f..0bdf3152735e 100644
--- a/mm/list_lru.c
+++ b/mm/list_lru.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2013 Red Hat, Inc. and Parallels Inc. All rights reserved.
  * Authors: David Chinner and Glauber Costa
diff --git a/mm/maccess.c b/mm/maccess.c
index ec00be51a24f..482d4d670f19 100644
--- a/mm/maccess.c
+++ b/mm/maccess.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Access kernel memory without faulting.
  */
diff --git a/mm/memory.c b/mm/memory.c
index 96f1d473c89a..ddf20bd0c317 100644
--- a/mm/memory.c
+++ b/mm/memory.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/mm/memory.c
  *
diff --git a/mm/memory_hotplug.c b/mm/memory_hotplug.c
index 328878b6799d..e096c987d261 100644
--- a/mm/memory_hotplug.c
+++ b/mm/memory_hotplug.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/mm/memory_hotplug.c
  *
diff --git a/mm/mm_init.c b/mm/mm_init.c
index 33917105a3a2..5c918388de99 100644
--- a/mm/mm_init.c
+++ b/mm/mm_init.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * mm_init.c - Memory initialisation verification and debugging
  *
diff --git a/mm/mmap.c b/mm/mmap.c
index 2d6a6662edb9..7e8c3e8ae75f 100644
--- a/mm/mmap.c
+++ b/mm/mmap.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * mm/mmap.c
  *
diff --git a/mm/nommu.c b/mm/nommu.c
index b492fd1fcf9f..d8c02fbe03b5 100644
--- a/mm/nommu.c
+++ b/mm/nommu.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/mm/nommu.c
  *
diff --git a/mm/oom_kill.c b/mm/oom_kill.c
index 539c91d0b26a..5a58778c91d4 100644
--- a/mm/oom_kill.c
+++ b/mm/oom_kill.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/mm/oom_kill.c
  * 
diff --git a/mm/page-writeback.c b/mm/page-writeback.c
index 07656485c0e6..bdbe8b6b1225 100644
--- a/mm/page-writeback.c
+++ b/mm/page-writeback.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * mm/page-writeback.c
  *
diff --git a/mm/page_alloc.c b/mm/page_alloc.c
index 3b13d3914176..d66bc8abe0af 100644
--- a/mm/page_alloc.c
+++ b/mm/page_alloc.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/mm/page_alloc.c
  *
diff --git a/mm/readahead.c b/mm/readahead.c
index a4593654a26c..2fe72cd29b47 100644
--- a/mm/readahead.c
+++ b/mm/readahead.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * mm/readahead.c - address_space-level file readahead.
  *
diff --git a/mm/swap.c b/mm/swap.c
index 3a75722e68a9..7ede3eddc12a 100644
--- a/mm/swap.c
+++ b/mm/swap.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/mm/swap.c
  *
diff --git a/mm/swapfile.c b/mm/swapfile.c
index cf63b5f01adf..596ac98051c5 100644
--- a/mm/swapfile.c
+++ b/mm/swapfile.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/mm/swapfile.c
  *
diff --git a/mm/truncate.c b/mm/truncate.c
index b7d3c99f00c9..8563339041f6 100644
--- a/mm/truncate.c
+++ b/mm/truncate.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * mm/truncate.c - code for taking down pages from address_spaces
  *
diff --git a/mm/util.c b/mm/util.c
index e2e4f8c3fa12..91682a2090ee 100644
--- a/mm/util.c
+++ b/mm/util.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/mm.h>
 #include <linux/slab.h>
 #include <linux/string.h>
diff --git a/mm/vmalloc.c b/mm/vmalloc.c
index c42872ed82ac..233af6936c93 100644
--- a/mm/vmalloc.c
+++ b/mm/vmalloc.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/mm/vmalloc.c
  *
diff --git a/mm/vmstat.c b/mm/vmstat.c
index a7d493366a65..fd7e16ca6996 100644
--- a/mm/vmstat.c
+++ b/mm/vmstat.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/mm/vmstat.c
  *
diff --git a/net/bridge/br_vlan.c b/net/bridge/br_vlan.c
index 2db63997f313..f47f526b4f19 100644
--- a/net/bridge/br_vlan.c
+++ b/net/bridge/br_vlan.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
 #include <linux/netdevice.h>
 #include <linux/rtnetlink.h>
diff --git a/net/compat.c b/net/compat.c
index a031bd333092..3f9ce609397f 100644
--- a/net/compat.c
+++ b/net/compat.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * 32bit Socket syscall emulation. Based on arch/sparc64/kernel/sys_sparc32.c.
  *
diff --git a/net/core/dst.c b/net/core/dst.c
index 1f13d90cd0e4..e46366228eaf 100644
--- a/net/core/dst.c
+++ b/net/core/dst.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * net/core/dst.c	Protocol independent destination cache.
  *
diff --git a/net/core/flow_dissector.c b/net/core/flow_dissector.c
index 548f39dde307..edd622956083 100644
--- a/net/core/flow_dissector.c
+++ b/net/core/flow_dissector.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
 #include <linux/skbuff.h>
 #include <linux/export.h>
diff --git a/net/core/net_namespace.c b/net/core/net_namespace.c
index 711b161505ac..15f68842ac6b 100644
--- a/net/core/net_namespace.c
+++ b/net/core/net_namespace.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt
 
 #include <linux/workqueue.h>
diff --git a/net/core/netpoll.c b/net/core/netpoll.c
index a0f05416657b..dd8b1a460d64 100644
--- a/net/core/netpoll.c
+++ b/net/core/netpoll.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Common framework for low-level network console, dump, and debugger code
  *
diff --git a/net/core/secure_seq.c b/net/core/secure_seq.c
index af6ad467ed61..7b6b1d2c3d10 100644
--- a/net/core/secure_seq.c
+++ b/net/core/secure_seq.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Copyright (C) 2016 Jason A. Donenfeld <Jason@zx2c4.com>. All Rights Reserved.
  */
diff --git a/net/ipv4/inet_timewait_sock.c b/net/ipv4/inet_timewait_sock.c
index 88c5069b5d20..c411c87ae865 100644
--- a/net/ipv4/inet_timewait_sock.c
+++ b/net/ipv4/inet_timewait_sock.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * INET		An implementation of the TCP/IP protocol suite for the LINUX
  *		operating system.  INET is implemented using the  BSD Socket
diff --git a/net/ipv4/ip_output.c b/net/ipv4/ip_output.c
index ac880beda8a7..bfd0ca554977 100644
--- a/net/ipv4/ip_output.c
+++ b/net/ipv4/ip_output.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * INET		An implementation of the TCP/IP protocol suite for the LINUX
  *		operating system.  INET is implemented using the  BSD Socket
diff --git a/net/ipv4/metrics.c b/net/ipv4/metrics.c
index ca9a5fefdefa..3205d5f7c8c9 100644
--- a/net/ipv4/metrics.c
+++ b/net/ipv4/metrics.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/netlink.h>
 #include <linux/rtnetlink.h>
 #include <linux/types.h>
diff --git a/net/ipv4/netlink.c b/net/ipv4/netlink.c
index d8e3a1fb8e82..b920e1bdcf58 100644
--- a/net/ipv4/netlink.c
+++ b/net/ipv4/netlink.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/netlink.h>
 #include <linux/rtnetlink.h>
 #include <linux/types.h>
diff --git a/net/ipv4/tcp_cong.c b/net/ipv4/tcp_cong.c
index bc6c02f16243..e1862b64a90f 100644
--- a/net/ipv4/tcp_cong.c
+++ b/net/ipv4/tcp_cong.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Pluggable TCP congestion control support and newReno
  * congestion control.
diff --git a/net/ipv4/tcp_minisocks.c b/net/ipv4/tcp_minisocks.c
index 9c2a0d36fb20..7c35731816e2 100644
--- a/net/ipv4/tcp_minisocks.c
+++ b/net/ipv4/tcp_minisocks.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * INET		An implementation of the TCP/IP protocol suite for the LINUX
  *		operating system.  INET is implemented using the  BSD Socket
diff --git a/net/ipv4/tcp_output.c b/net/ipv4/tcp_output.c
index 0c4ed66dc1bf..f429e856e263 100644
--- a/net/ipv4/tcp_output.c
+++ b/net/ipv4/tcp_output.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * INET		An implementation of the TCP/IP protocol suite for the LINUX
  *		operating system.  INET is implemented using the  BSD Socket
diff --git a/net/ipv4/tcp_rate.c b/net/ipv4/tcp_rate.c
index baed2186c7c6..0de693565963 100644
--- a/net/ipv4/tcp_rate.c
+++ b/net/ipv4/tcp_rate.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <net/tcp.h>
 
 /* The bandwidth estimator estimates the rate at which the network
diff --git a/net/ipv4/tcp_timer.c b/net/ipv4/tcp_timer.c
index 2ac23da42dd2..5bad937ce779 100644
--- a/net/ipv4/tcp_timer.c
+++ b/net/ipv4/tcp_timer.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * INET		An implementation of the TCP/IP protocol suite for the LINUX
  *		operating system.  INET is implemented using the  BSD Socket
diff --git a/net/ipv4/tcp_ulp.c b/net/ipv4/tcp_ulp.c
index 95df7f7f6328..3d8a1d835471 100644
--- a/net/ipv4/tcp_ulp.c
+++ b/net/ipv4/tcp_ulp.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Pluggable TCP upper layer protocol support.
  *
diff --git a/net/ipv6/addrconf_core.c b/net/ipv6/addrconf_core.c
index 763a947e0d14..5b1246635e02 100644
--- a/net/ipv6/addrconf_core.c
+++ b/net/ipv6/addrconf_core.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * IPv6 library code, needed by static components when full IPv6 support is
  * not configured or static.
diff --git a/net/ipv6/exthdrs_core.c b/net/ipv6/exthdrs_core.c
index ae365df8abf7..11a43ee4dd45 100644
--- a/net/ipv6/exthdrs_core.c
+++ b/net/ipv6/exthdrs_core.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * IPv6 library code, needed by static components when full IPv6 support is
  * not configured or static.
diff --git a/net/ipv6/output_core.c b/net/ipv6/output_core.c
index 868ae23dbae1..af36acc1a644 100644
--- a/net/ipv6/output_core.c
+++ b/net/ipv6/output_core.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * IPv6 library code, needed by static components when full IPv6 support is
  * not configured or static.  These functions are needed by GSO/GRO implementation.
diff --git a/net/mac80211/chan.c b/net/mac80211/chan.c
index d9558ffb8acf..9c94baaf693c 100644
--- a/net/mac80211/chan.c
+++ b/net/mac80211/chan.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * mac80211 - channel management
  */
diff --git a/net/netfilter/ipset/pfxlen.c b/net/netfilter/ipset/pfxlen.c
index d5be9c25fad6..ff570bff9221 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/ipset/pfxlen.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/ipset/pfxlen.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/export.h>
 #include <linux/netfilter/ipset/pfxlen.h>
 
diff --git a/net/netfilter/ipvs/ip_vs_pe.c b/net/netfilter/ipvs/ip_vs_pe.c
index 0df17caa8af6..8e104dff7abc 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/ipvs/ip_vs_pe.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/ipvs/ip_vs_pe.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #define KMSG_COMPONENT "IPVS"
 #define pr_fmt(fmt) KMSG_COMPONENT ": " fmt
 
diff --git a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_proto_gre.c b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_proto_gre.c
index ee9ab10a32e4..c2eb365f1723 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_proto_gre.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_proto_gre.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * ip_conntrack_proto_gre.c - Version 3.0
  *
diff --git a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_seqadj.c b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_seqadj.c
index 9da303461069..dc21a43cd145 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_seqadj.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_seqadj.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/types.h>
 #include <linux/netfilter.h>
 #include <net/tcp.h>
diff --git a/net/netfilter/nf_flow_table_ip.c b/net/netfilter/nf_flow_table_ip.c
index 0d603e20b519..96825e20368f 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nf_flow_table_ip.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nf_flow_table_ip.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
 #include <linux/init.h>
 #include <linux/module.h>
diff --git a/net/netfilter/nf_log.c b/net/netfilter/nf_log.c
index a61d6df6e5f6..3574a212bdc2 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nf_log.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nf_log.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
 #include <linux/init.h>
 #include <linux/module.h>
diff --git a/net/sunrpc/addr.c b/net/sunrpc/addr.c
index 2e0a6f92e563..d024af4be85e 100644
--- a/net/sunrpc/addr.c
+++ b/net/sunrpc/addr.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Copyright 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
  *
diff --git a/net/sunrpc/auth.c b/net/sunrpc/auth.c
index e7861026b9e5..cdb05b48de44 100644
--- a/net/sunrpc/auth.c
+++ b/net/sunrpc/auth.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * linux/net/sunrpc/auth.c
  *
diff --git a/net/sunrpc/clnt.c b/net/sunrpc/clnt.c
index c1f1afabd024..d6e57da56c94 100644
--- a/net/sunrpc/clnt.c
+++ b/net/sunrpc/clnt.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/net/sunrpc/clnt.c
  *
diff --git a/net/sunrpc/rpc_pipe.c b/net/sunrpc/rpc_pipe.c
index 979d23646e33..126d31472a99 100644
--- a/net/sunrpc/rpc_pipe.c
+++ b/net/sunrpc/rpc_pipe.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * net/sunrpc/rpc_pipe.c
  *
diff --git a/net/sunrpc/rpcb_clnt.c b/net/sunrpc/rpcb_clnt.c
index 2277b7cdad27..4a020b688860 100644
--- a/net/sunrpc/rpcb_clnt.c
+++ b/net/sunrpc/rpcb_clnt.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * In-kernel rpcbind client supporting versions 2, 3, and 4 of the rpcbind
  * protocol
diff --git a/net/sunrpc/sched.c b/net/sunrpc/sched.c
index 1a12fb03e611..bb04ae52803a 100644
--- a/net/sunrpc/sched.c
+++ b/net/sunrpc/sched.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * linux/net/sunrpc/sched.c
  *
diff --git a/net/sunrpc/socklib.c b/net/sunrpc/socklib.c
index 9faea12624a6..1a864f1ed119 100644
--- a/net/sunrpc/socklib.c
+++ b/net/sunrpc/socklib.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * linux/net/sunrpc/socklib.c
  *
diff --git a/net/sunrpc/stats.c b/net/sunrpc/stats.c
index 71166b393732..2b6dc7e5f74f 100644
--- a/net/sunrpc/stats.c
+++ b/net/sunrpc/stats.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * linux/net/sunrpc/stats.c
  *
diff --git a/net/sunrpc/svc.c b/net/sunrpc/svc.c
index 2be827820247..e15cb704453e 100644
--- a/net/sunrpc/svc.c
+++ b/net/sunrpc/svc.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * linux/net/sunrpc/svc.c
  *
diff --git a/net/sunrpc/svc_xprt.c b/net/sunrpc/svc_xprt.c
index 9429b28e9ba0..869ce7737997 100644
--- a/net/sunrpc/svc_xprt.c
+++ b/net/sunrpc/svc_xprt.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * linux/net/sunrpc/svc_xprt.c
  *
diff --git a/net/sunrpc/svcauth.c b/net/sunrpc/svcauth.c
index 775b8c94265b..550b214cb001 100644
--- a/net/sunrpc/svcauth.c
+++ b/net/sunrpc/svcauth.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * linux/net/sunrpc/svcauth.c
  *
diff --git a/net/sunrpc/svcauth_unix.c b/net/sunrpc/svcauth_unix.c
index f92ef79c8ea5..5c04ba7d456b 100644
--- a/net/sunrpc/svcauth_unix.c
+++ b/net/sunrpc/svcauth_unix.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 #include <linux/types.h>
 #include <linux/sched.h>
 #include <linux/module.h>
diff --git a/net/sunrpc/svcsock.c b/net/sunrpc/svcsock.c
index 540fde2804d0..2934dd711715 100644
--- a/net/sunrpc/svcsock.c
+++ b/net/sunrpc/svcsock.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * linux/net/sunrpc/svcsock.c
  *
diff --git a/net/sunrpc/sysctl.c b/net/sunrpc/sysctl.c
index 0bea8ff8b0d3..d75f17b56f0e 100644
--- a/net/sunrpc/sysctl.c
+++ b/net/sunrpc/sysctl.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * linux/net/sunrpc/sysctl.c
  *
diff --git a/net/sunrpc/timer.c b/net/sunrpc/timer.c
index 08881d0c9672..81ae35b3764f 100644
--- a/net/sunrpc/timer.c
+++ b/net/sunrpc/timer.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * linux/net/sunrpc/timer.c
  *
diff --git a/net/sunrpc/xdr.c b/net/sunrpc/xdr.c
index aa8177ddcbda..48c93b9e525e 100644
--- a/net/sunrpc/xdr.c
+++ b/net/sunrpc/xdr.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * linux/net/sunrpc/xdr.c
  *
diff --git a/net/sunrpc/xprt.c b/net/sunrpc/xprt.c
index a9d40bc7ebed..ad21880d5601 100644
--- a/net/sunrpc/xprt.c
+++ b/net/sunrpc/xprt.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  *  linux/net/sunrpc/xprt.c
  *
diff --git a/net/sysctl_net.c b/net/sysctl_net.c
index 9aed6fe1bf1a..d14dab8b6774 100644
--- a/net/sysctl_net.c
+++ b/net/sysctl_net.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /* -*- linux-c -*-
  * sysctl_net.c: sysctl interface to net subsystem.
  *
diff --git a/net/wireless/nl80211.c b/net/wireless/nl80211.c
index fffe4b371e23..c391b560d986 100644
--- a/net/wireless/nl80211.c
+++ b/net/wireless/nl80211.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * This is the new netlink-based wireless configuration interface.
  *
diff --git a/net/wireless/wext-compat.h b/net/wireless/wext-compat.h
index 94c7405a5413..8d3cc1552e2f 100644
--- a/net/wireless/wext-compat.h
+++ b/net/wireless/wext-compat.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only */
 #ifndef __WEXT_COMPAT
 #define __WEXT_COMPAT
 
diff --git a/net/xfrm/xfrm_policy.c b/net/xfrm/xfrm_policy.c
index 410233c5681e..7ce1eda4b1f5 100644
--- a/net/xfrm/xfrm_policy.c
+++ b/net/xfrm/xfrm_policy.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * xfrm_policy.c
  *
diff --git a/net/xfrm/xfrm_state.c b/net/xfrm/xfrm_state.c
index c5d81316330b..50621d982970 100644
--- a/net/xfrm/xfrm_state.c
+++ b/net/xfrm/xfrm_state.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * xfrm_state.c
  *
diff --git a/scripts/genksyms/keywords.c b/scripts/genksyms/keywords.c
index 9f40bcd17d07..e93336baaaed 100644
--- a/scripts/genksyms/keywords.c
+++ b/scripts/genksyms/keywords.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 static struct resword {
 	const char *name;
 	int token;
diff --git a/scripts/tags.sh b/scripts/tags.sh
index 70e14c67bde7..d46be47633af 100755
--- a/scripts/tags.sh
+++ b/scripts/tags.sh
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #!/bin/bash
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 # Generate tags or cscope files
 # Usage tags.sh <mode>
 #
diff --git a/sound/hda/array.c b/sound/hda/array.c
index 5dfa610e4471..a204dcee0034 100644
--- a/sound/hda/array.c
+++ b/sound/hda/array.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * generic arrays
  */
diff --git a/sound/hda/hdac_bus.c b/sound/hda/hdac_bus.c
index 10e5d261fde1..14e57ffd5bc1 100644
--- a/sound/hda/hdac_bus.c
+++ b/sound/hda/hdac_bus.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * HD-audio core bus driver
  */
diff --git a/sound/hda/hdac_controller.c b/sound/hda/hdac_controller.c
index b2e9454f5816..b02f74528b66 100644
--- a/sound/hda/hdac_controller.c
+++ b/sound/hda/hdac_controller.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * HD-audio controller helpers
  */
diff --git a/sound/hda/hdac_device.c b/sound/hda/hdac_device.c
index 4769f4c03e14..6907dbefd08c 100644
--- a/sound/hda/hdac_device.c
+++ b/sound/hda/hdac_device.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * HD-audio codec core device
  */
diff --git a/sound/hda/hdac_regmap.c b/sound/hda/hdac_regmap.c
index 996dbc850224..f399a1552e73 100644
--- a/sound/hda/hdac_regmap.c
+++ b/sound/hda/hdac_regmap.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * Regmap support for HD-audio verbs
  *
diff --git a/sound/hda/hdac_stream.c b/sound/hda/hdac_stream.c
index 76e9b41fcea2..55d53b89ac21 100644
--- a/sound/hda/hdac_stream.c
+++ b/sound/hda/hdac_stream.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * HD-audio stream operations
  */
diff --git a/sound/hda/hdmi_chmap.c b/sound/hda/hdmi_chmap.c
index f21633cd9b38..886cb7811bd6 100644
--- a/sound/hda/hdmi_chmap.c
+++ b/sound/hda/hdmi_chmap.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * HDMI Channel map support helpers
  */
diff --git a/sound/pci/hda/hda_bind.c b/sound/pci/hda/hda_bind.c
index 1ec706ced75c..8272b50b8349 100644
--- a/sound/pci/hda/hda_bind.c
+++ b/sound/pci/hda/hda_bind.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * HD-audio codec driver binding
  * Copyright (c) Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
diff --git a/sound/pci/hda/hda_sysfs.c b/sound/pci/hda/hda_sysfs.c
index c154b19a0c45..fcc34417cbce 100644
--- a/sound/pci/hda/hda_sysfs.c
+++ b/sound/pci/hda/hda_sysfs.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * sysfs interface for HD-audio codec
  *
diff --git a/tools/arch/x86/lib/memcpy_64.S b/tools/arch/x86/lib/memcpy_64.S
index 9d05572370ed..92748660ba51 100644
--- a/tools/arch/x86/lib/memcpy_64.S
+++ b/tools/arch/x86/lib/memcpy_64.S
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only */
 /* Copyright 2002 Andi Kleen */
 
 #include <linux/linkage.h>
-- 
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