diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'src/main/java/org/openslx/virtualization/disk')
6 files changed, 1048 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/openslx/virtualization/disk/DiskImage.java b/src/main/java/org/openslx/virtualization/disk/DiskImage.java new file mode 100644 index 0000000..dfb242a --- /dev/null +++ b/src/main/java/org/openslx/virtualization/disk/DiskImage.java @@ -0,0 +1,253 @@ +package org.openslx.virtualization.disk; + +import java.io.Closeable; +import java.io.File; +import java.io.FileNotFoundException; +import java.io.IOException; +import java.io.RandomAccessFile; +import java.util.List; +import java.util.function.Predicate; + +import org.openslx.bwlp.thrift.iface.Virtualizer; +import org.openslx.thrifthelper.TConst; +import org.openslx.util.Util; +import org.openslx.virtualization.Version; + +/** + * Disk image for virtual machines. + * + * @implNote This class is the abstract base class to implement various specific disk images (like + * QCOW2 or VMDK). + * + * @author Manuel Bentele + * @version 1.0 + */ +public abstract class DiskImage implements Closeable +{ + /** + * Stores the image file of the disk. + */ + private RandomAccessFile diskImage = null; + + /** + * Creates a new disk image from an existing image file with a known disk image format. + * + * @param diskImage file to a disk storing the image content. + * + * @implNote Do not use this constructor to create a new disk image from an image file with + * unknown disk image format. Instead, use the factory method + * {@link #newInstance(File)} to probe unknown disk image files before creation. + */ + protected DiskImage( RandomAccessFile diskImage ) + { + this.diskImage = diskImage; + } + + /** + * Returns the disk image file. + * + * @return the disk image file. + */ + protected RandomAccessFile getDiskImage() + { + return this.diskImage; + } + + /** + * Checks whether disk image is standalone and do not depend on other files (e.g. snapshot + * files). + * + * @return state whether disk image is standalone or not. + * + * @throws DiskImageException unable to check if disk image is standalone. + */ + public abstract boolean isStandalone() throws DiskImageException; + + /** + * Checks whether disk image is compressed. + * + * @return state whether disk image is compressed or not. + * + * @throws DiskImageException unable to check whether disk image is compressed. + */ + public abstract boolean isCompressed() throws DiskImageException; + + /** + * Checks whether disk image is a snapshot. + * + * @return state whether disk image is a snapshot or not. + * + * @throws DiskImageException unable to check whether disk image is a snapshot. + */ + public abstract boolean isSnapshot() throws DiskImageException; + + /** + * Returns the version of the disk image format. + * + * @return version of the disk image format. + * + * @throws DiskImageException unable to obtain version of the disk image format. + */ + public abstract Version getVersion() throws DiskImageException; + + /** + * Returns the disk image description. + * + * @return description of the disk image. + * + * @throws DiskImageException unable to obtain description of the disk image. + */ + public abstract String getDescription() throws DiskImageException; + + /** + * Returns the format of the disk image. + * + * @return format of the disk image. + */ + public abstract ImageFormat getFormat(); + + /** + * Creates a new disk image from an existing image file with an unknown disk image format. + * + * @param diskImagePath file to a disk storing the image content. + * @return concrete disk image instance. + * + * @throws FileNotFoundException cannot find specified disk image file. + * @throws IOException cannot access the content of the disk image file. + * @throws DiskImageException disk image file has an invalid and unknown disk image format. + */ + public static DiskImage newInstance( File diskImagePath ) + throws FileNotFoundException, IOException, DiskImageException + { + // Make sure this doesn't escape the scope, in case instantiation fails - we can't know when the GC + // would come along and close this file, which is problematic on Windows (blocking rename/delete) + final RandomAccessFile fileHandle = new RandomAccessFile( diskImagePath, "r" ); + + try { + if ( DiskImageQcow2.probe( fileHandle ) ) { + return new DiskImageQcow2( fileHandle ); + } else if ( DiskImageVdi.probe( fileHandle ) ) { + return new DiskImageVdi( fileHandle ); + } else if ( DiskImageVmdk.probe( fileHandle ) ) { + return new DiskImageVmdk( fileHandle ); + } + } catch ( Exception e ) { + Util.safeClose( fileHandle ); + throw e; + } + Util.safeClose( fileHandle ); + final String errorMsg = "File '" + diskImagePath.getAbsolutePath() + "' is not a valid disk image!"; + throw new DiskImageException( errorMsg ); + } + + @Override + public void close() throws IOException + { + Util.safeClose( diskImage ); + } + + @Override + protected void finalize() throws Throwable + { + close(); + } + + /** + * Format of a disk image. + * + * @author Manuel Bentele + * @version 1.0 + */ + public enum ImageFormat + { + // @formatter:off + NONE ( "none" ), + QCOW2( "qcow2" ), + VDI ( "vdi" ), + VMDK ( "vmdk" ); + // @formatter:on + + /** + * Stores filename extension of the disk image format. + */ + public final String extension; + + /** + * Create new disk image format. + * + * @param extension filename extension of the disk image format. + */ + ImageFormat( String extension ) + { + this.extension = extension; + } + + /** + * Returns filename extension of the disk image. + * + * @return filename extension of the disk image. + */ + public String getExtension() + { + return this.extension; + } + + /** + * Checks if the disk image format is supported by a virtualizer. + * + * @param supportedImageFormats list of supported disk image formats of a virtualizer. + * @return <code>true</code> if image type is supported by the virtualizer; otherwise + * <code>false</code>. + */ + public boolean isSupportedbyVirtualizer( List<ImageFormat> supportedImageFormats ) + { + Predicate<ImageFormat> matchDiskFormat = supportedImageFormat -> supportedImageFormat.toString() + .equalsIgnoreCase( this.toString() ); + return supportedImageFormats.stream().anyMatch( matchDiskFormat ); + } + + /** + * Returns default (preferred) disk image format for the specified virtualizer. + * + * @param virt virtualizer for that the default disk image should be determined. + * @return default (preferred) disk image format. + */ + public static ImageFormat defaultForVirtualizer( Virtualizer virt ) + { + if ( virt == null ) { + return null; + } else { + return ImageFormat.defaultForVirtualizer( virt.virtId ); + } + } + + /** + * Returns default (preferred) disk image format for the specified virtualizer. + * + * @param virtId ID of a virtualizer for that the default disk image should be determined. + * @return default (preferred) disk image format. + */ + public static ImageFormat defaultForVirtualizer( String virtId ) + { + ImageFormat imgFormat = null; + + if ( TConst.VIRT_DOCKER.equals( virtId ) ) { + imgFormat = NONE; + } else if ( TConst.VIRT_QEMU.equals( virtId ) ) { + imgFormat = QCOW2; + } else if ( TConst.VIRT_VIRTUALBOX.equals( virtId ) ) { + imgFormat = VDI; + } else if ( TConst.VIRT_VMWARE.equals( virtId ) ) { + imgFormat = VMDK; + } + + return imgFormat; + } + + @Override + public String toString() + { + return this.getExtension(); + } + } +} diff --git a/src/main/java/org/openslx/virtualization/disk/DiskImageException.java b/src/main/java/org/openslx/virtualization/disk/DiskImageException.java new file mode 100644 index 0000000..db62917 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/main/java/org/openslx/virtualization/disk/DiskImageException.java @@ -0,0 +1,25 @@ +package org.openslx.virtualization.disk; + +/** + * An exception for faulty disk image handling. + * + * @author Manuel Bentele + * @version 1.0 + */ +public class DiskImageException extends Exception +{ + /** + * Version number for serialization. + */ + private static final long serialVersionUID = 5464286488698331909L; + + /** + * Creates a disk image exception including an error message. + * + * @param errorMsg message to describe a disk image error. + */ + public DiskImageException( String errorMsg ) + { + super( errorMsg ); + } +} diff --git a/src/main/java/org/openslx/virtualization/disk/DiskImageQcow2.java b/src/main/java/org/openslx/virtualization/disk/DiskImageQcow2.java new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a6b3b73 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/main/java/org/openslx/virtualization/disk/DiskImageQcow2.java @@ -0,0 +1,232 @@ +package org.openslx.virtualization.disk; + +import java.io.RandomAccessFile; + +import org.openslx.virtualization.Version; + +/** + * QCOW2 disk image for virtual machines. + * + * A QCOW2 disk image consists of a header, one L1 table and several L2 tables used for lookup data + * clusters in the file via a two-level lookup. The QCOW2 header contains the following fields: + * + * <pre> + * QCOW2 (version 2 and 3) header format: + * + * magic (4 byte) + * version (4 byte) + * backing_file_offset (8 byte) + * backing_file_size (4 byte) + * cluster_bits (4 byte) + * size (8 byte) + * crypt_method (4 byte) + * l1_size (4 byte) + * l1_table_offset (8 byte) + * refcount_table_offset (8 byte) + * refcount_table_clusters (4 byte) + * nb_snapshots (4 byte) + * snapshots_offset (8 byte) + * incompatible_features (8 byte) [*] + * compatible_features (8 byte) [*] + * autoclear_features (8 byte) [*] + * refcount_order (8 byte) [*] + * header_length (4 byte) [*] + * + * [*] these fields are only available in the QCOW2 version 3 header format + * </pre> + * + * @author Manuel Bentele + * @version 1.0 + */ +public class DiskImageQcow2 extends DiskImage +{ + /** + * Big endian representation of the big endian QCOW2 magic bytes <code>QFI\xFB</code>. + */ + private static final int QCOW2_MAGIC = 0x514649fb; + + /** + * Creates a new QCOW2 disk image from an existing QCOW2 image file. + * + * @param diskImage file to a QCOW2 disk storing the image content. + */ + DiskImageQcow2( RandomAccessFile diskImage ) + { + super( diskImage ); + } + + /** + * Probe specified file with unknown format to be a QCOW2 disk image file. + * + * @param diskImage file with unknown format that should be probed. + * @return state whether file is a QCOW2 disk image or not. + * + * @throws DiskImageException cannot probe specified file with unknown format. + */ + public static boolean probe( RandomAccessFile diskImage ) throws DiskImageException + { + final boolean isQcow2ImageFormat; + + // goto the beginning of the disk image to read the disk image + final int diskImageMagic = DiskImageUtils.readInt( diskImage, 0 ); + + // check if disk image's magic bytes can be found + if ( diskImageMagic == DiskImageQcow2.QCOW2_MAGIC ) { + isQcow2ImageFormat = true; + } else { + isQcow2ImageFormat = false; + } + + return isQcow2ImageFormat; + } + + @Override + public boolean isStandalone() throws DiskImageException + { + final RandomAccessFile diskFile = this.getDiskImage(); + final long qcowBackingFileOffset = DiskImageUtils.readLong( diskFile, 8 ); + final boolean qcowStandalone; + + // check if QCOW2 image does not refer to any backing file + if ( qcowBackingFileOffset == 0 ) { + qcowStandalone = true; + } else { + qcowStandalone = false; + } + + return qcowStandalone; + } + + @Override + public boolean isCompressed() throws DiskImageException + { + final RandomAccessFile diskFile = this.getDiskImage(); + final boolean qcowUseExtendedL2; + boolean qcowCompressed = false; + + // check if QCOW2 image uses extended L2 tables + // extended L2 tables are only possible in QCOW2 version 3 header format + if ( this.getVersion().getMajor() >= Short.valueOf( "3" ) ) { + // read incompatible feature bits + final long qcowIncompatibleFeatures = DiskImageUtils.readLong( diskFile, 72 ); + + // support for extended L2 tables is enabled if bit 4 is set + qcowUseExtendedL2 = ( ( ( qcowIncompatibleFeatures & 0x000000000010 ) >>> 4 ) == 1 ); + } else { + qcowUseExtendedL2 = false; + } + + // get number of entries in L1 table + final int qcowL1TableSize = DiskImageUtils.readInt( diskFile, 36 ); + + // check if a valid L1 table is present + if ( qcowL1TableSize > 0 ) { + // QCOW2 image contains active L1 table with more than 0 entries: l1_size > 0 + // search for first L2 table and its first entry to get compression bit + + // get cluster bits to calculate the cluster size + final int qcowClusterBits = DiskImageUtils.readInt( diskFile, 20 ); + final int qcowClusterSize = ( 1 << qcowClusterBits ); + + // entries of a L1 table have always the size of 8 byte (64 bit) + final int qcowL1TableEntrySize = 8; + + // entries of a L2 table have either the size of 8 or 16 byte (64 or 128 bit) + final int qcowL2TableEntrySize = ( qcowUseExtendedL2 ) ? 16 : 8; + + // calculate number of L2 table entries + final int qcowL2TableSize = qcowClusterSize / qcowL2TableEntrySize; + + // get offset of L1 table + final long qcowL1TableOffset = DiskImageUtils.readLong( diskFile, 40 ); + + // check for each L2 table referenced from an L1 table its entries + // until a compressed cluster descriptor is found + for ( long i = 0; i < qcowL1TableSize; i++ ) { + // get offset of current L2 table from the current L1 table entry + final long qcowL1TableEntryOffset = qcowL1TableOffset + ( i * qcowL1TableEntrySize ); + final long qcowL1TableEntry = DiskImageUtils.readLong( diskFile, qcowL1TableEntryOffset ); + + // extract offset (bits 9 - 55) from L1 table entry + final long qcowL2TableOffset = ( qcowL1TableEntry & 0x00fffffffffffe00L ); + + if ( qcowL2TableOffset == 0 ) { + // L2 table and all clusters described by this L2 table are unallocated + continue; + } + + // get each L2 table entry and check if it is a compressed cluster descriptor + for ( long j = 0; j < qcowL2TableSize; j++ ) { + // get current L2 table entry + final long qcowL2TableEntryOffset = qcowL2TableOffset + ( j * qcowL2TableEntrySize ); + final long qcowL2TableEntry = DiskImageUtils.readLong( diskFile, qcowL2TableEntryOffset ); + + // extract cluster type (standard or compressed) (bit 62) + boolean qcowClusterCompressed = ( ( ( qcowL2TableEntry & 0x4000000000000000L ) >>> 62 ) == 1 ); + + // check if QCOW2 disk image contains at least one compressed cluster descriptor + if ( qcowClusterCompressed ) { + qcowCompressed = true; + break; + } + } + + // terminate if one compressed cluster descriptor is already found + if ( qcowCompressed ) { + break; + } + } + } else { + // QCOW2 image does not contain an active L1 table with any entry: l1_size = 0 + qcowCompressed = false; + } + + return qcowCompressed; + } + + @Override + public boolean isSnapshot() throws DiskImageException + { + final RandomAccessFile diskFile = this.getDiskImage(); + final int qcowNumSnapshots = DiskImageUtils.readInt( diskFile, 56 ); + final boolean qcowSnapshot; + + // check if QCOW2 image contains at least one snapshot + if ( qcowNumSnapshots == 0 ) { + qcowSnapshot = true; + } else { + qcowSnapshot = false; + } + + return qcowSnapshot; + } + + @Override + public Version getVersion() throws DiskImageException + { + final RandomAccessFile diskFile = this.getDiskImage(); + final int qcowVersion = DiskImageUtils.readInt( diskFile, 4 ); + + // check QCOW2 file format version + if ( qcowVersion < 2 || qcowVersion > 3 ) { + // QCOW2 disk image does not contain a valid QCOW2 version + final String errorMsg = "Invalid QCOW2 version in header found!"; + throw new DiskImageException( errorMsg ); + } + + return new Version( Integer.valueOf( qcowVersion ).shortValue() ); + } + + @Override + public String getDescription() throws DiskImageException + { + // QCOW2 disk image format does not support any disk description + return null; + } + + @Override + public ImageFormat getFormat() + { + return ImageFormat.QCOW2; + } +} diff --git a/src/main/java/org/openslx/virtualization/disk/DiskImageUtils.java b/src/main/java/org/openslx/virtualization/disk/DiskImageUtils.java new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6bcef7f --- /dev/null +++ b/src/main/java/org/openslx/virtualization/disk/DiskImageUtils.java @@ -0,0 +1,144 @@ +package org.openslx.virtualization.disk; + +import java.io.IOException; +import java.io.RandomAccessFile; + +/** + * Utilities to parse disk image format elements and control versions of disk images. + * + * @author Manuel Bentele + * @version 1.0 + */ +public class DiskImageUtils +{ + /** + * Returns the size of a specified disk image file. + * + * @param diskImage file to a disk storing the image content. + * @return size of the disk image file in bytes. + * + * @throws DiskImageException unable to obtain the size of the disk image file. + */ + public static long getImageSize( RandomAccessFile diskImage ) throws DiskImageException + { + final long imageSize; + + try { + imageSize = diskImage.length(); + } catch ( IOException e ) { + throw new DiskImageException( e.getLocalizedMessage() ); + } + + return imageSize; + } + + /** + * Reads two bytes ({@link Short}) at a given <code>offset</code> from the specified disk image + * file. + * + * @param diskImage file to a disk storing the image content. + * @param offset offset in bytes for reading the two bytes. + * @return value of the two bytes from the disk image file as {@link Short}. + * + * @throws DiskImageException unable to read two bytes from the disk image file. + */ + public static short readShort( RandomAccessFile diskImage, long offset ) throws DiskImageException + { + final long imageSize = DiskImageUtils.getImageSize( diskImage ); + short value = 0; + + if ( imageSize >= ( offset + Short.BYTES ) ) { + try { + diskImage.seek( offset ); + value = diskImage.readShort(); + } catch ( IOException e ) { + throw new DiskImageException( e.getLocalizedMessage() ); + } + } + + return value; + } + + /** + * Reads four bytes ({@link Integer}) at a given <code>offset</code> from the specified disk + * image file. + * + * @param diskImage file to a disk storing the image content. + * @param offset offset in bytes for reading the four bytes. + * @return value of the four bytes from the disk image file as {@link Integer}. + * + * @throws DiskImageException unable to read four bytes from the disk image file. + */ + public static int readInt( RandomAccessFile diskImage, long offset ) throws DiskImageException + { + final long imageSize = DiskImageUtils.getImageSize( diskImage ); + int value = 0; + + if ( imageSize >= ( offset + Integer.BYTES ) ) { + try { + diskImage.seek( offset ); + value = diskImage.readInt(); + } catch ( IOException e ) { + throw new DiskImageException( e.getLocalizedMessage() ); + } + } + + return value; + } + + /** + * Reads eight bytes ({@link Long}) at a given <code>offset</code> from the specified disk image + * file. + * + * @param diskImage file to a disk storing the image content. + * @param offset offset in bytes for reading the eight bytes. + * @return value of the eight bytes from the disk image file as {@link Long}. + * + * @throws DiskImageException unable to read eight bytes from the disk image file. + */ + public static long readLong( RandomAccessFile diskImage, long offset ) throws DiskImageException + { + final long imageSize = DiskImageUtils.getImageSize( diskImage ); + long value = 0; + + if ( imageSize >= ( offset + Long.BYTES ) ) { + try { + diskImage.seek( offset ); + value = diskImage.readLong(); + } catch ( IOException e ) { + throw new DiskImageException( e.getLocalizedMessage() ); + } + } + + return value; + } + + /** + * Reads a variable number of bytes (<code>numBytes</code>) at a given <code>offset</code> from the specified disk image file. + * + * @param diskImage file to a disk storing the image content. + * @param offset offset in bytes for reading <code>numBytes</code> bytes. + * @param numBytes number of bytes to read at <code>offset</code>. + * @return read bytes from the disk image file as {@link byte[]}. + * + * @throws DiskImageException unable to read bytes from the disk image file. + */ + public static byte[] readBytesAsArray( RandomAccessFile diskImage, long offset, int numBytes ) + throws DiskImageException + { + final long imageSize = DiskImageUtils.getImageSize( diskImage ); + byte values[] = {}; + + if ( imageSize >= ( offset + numBytes ) ) { + try { + diskImage.seek( offset ); + values = new byte[ numBytes ]; + diskImage.readFully( values ); + } catch ( IOException e ) { + throw new DiskImageException( e.getLocalizedMessage() ); + } + } + + return values; + } +} diff --git a/src/main/java/org/openslx/virtualization/disk/DiskImageVdi.java b/src/main/java/org/openslx/virtualization/disk/DiskImageVdi.java new file mode 100644 index 0000000..1e5b20b --- /dev/null +++ b/src/main/java/org/openslx/virtualization/disk/DiskImageVdi.java @@ -0,0 +1,112 @@ +package org.openslx.virtualization.disk; + +import java.io.RandomAccessFile; +import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets; +import java.util.Arrays; + +import org.openslx.virtualization.Version; + +/** + * VDI disk image for virtual machines. + * + * @author Manuel Bentele + * @version 1.0 + */ +public class DiskImageVdi extends DiskImage +{ + /** + * Big endian representation of the little endian VDI magic bytes (signature). + */ + private static final int VDI_MAGIC = 0x7f10dabe; + /** + * Just 16 null-bytes + */ + private static final byte[] ZERO_UUID = new byte[16]; + + /** + * Creates a new VDI disk image from an existing VDI image file. + * + * @param diskImage file to a VDI disk storing the image content. + */ + DiskImageVdi( RandomAccessFile diskImage ) + { + super( diskImage ); + } + + /** + * Probe specified file with unknown format to be a VDI disk image file. + * + * @param diskImage file with unknown format that should be probed. + * @return state whether file is a VDI disk image or not. + * + * @throws DiskImageException cannot probe specified file with unknown format. + */ + public static boolean probe( RandomAccessFile diskImage ) throws DiskImageException + { + final boolean isVdiImageFormat; + + // goto the beginning of the disk image to read the magic bytes + // skip first 64 bytes (opening tag) + final int diskImageMagic = DiskImageUtils.readInt( diskImage, 64 ); + + // check if disk image's magic bytes can be found + if ( diskImageMagic == DiskImageVdi.VDI_MAGIC ) { + isVdiImageFormat = true; + } else { + isVdiImageFormat = false; + } + + return isVdiImageFormat; + } + + @Override + public boolean isStandalone() throws DiskImageException + { + // VDI does not seem to support split VDI files, so VDI files are always standalone + return true; + } + + @Override + public boolean isCompressed() throws DiskImageException + { + // compression is done by sparsifying the disk files, there is no flag for it + return false; + } + + @Override + public boolean isSnapshot() throws DiskImageException + { + final RandomAccessFile diskFile = this.getDiskImage(); + + // if parent UUID is set, the VDI file is a snapshot + byte[] parentUuid = DiskImageUtils.readBytesAsArray( diskFile, 440, 16 ); + + return !Arrays.equals( ZERO_UUID, parentUuid ); + } + + @Override + public Version getVersion() throws DiskImageException + { + final RandomAccessFile diskFile = this.getDiskImage(); + + final short vdiVersionMajor = Short.reverseBytes( DiskImageUtils.readShort( diskFile, 68 ) ); + final short vdiVersionMinor = Short.reverseBytes( DiskImageUtils.readShort( diskFile, 70 ) ); + + return new Version( vdiVersionMajor, vdiVersionMinor ); + } + + @Override + public String getDescription() throws DiskImageException + { + final RandomAccessFile diskFile = this.getDiskImage(); + byte[] data = DiskImageUtils.readBytesAsArray( diskFile, 84, 256 ); + // This will replace invalid chars. Maybe use CharsetDecoder and fall back to latin1 on error + return new String( data, StandardCharsets.UTF_8 ); + } + + @Override + public ImageFormat getFormat() + { + return ImageFormat.VDI; + } +} diff --git a/src/main/java/org/openslx/virtualization/disk/DiskImageVmdk.java b/src/main/java/org/openslx/virtualization/disk/DiskImageVmdk.java new file mode 100644 index 0000000..77986ef --- /dev/null +++ b/src/main/java/org/openslx/virtualization/disk/DiskImageVmdk.java @@ -0,0 +1,282 @@ +package org.openslx.virtualization.disk; + +import java.io.RandomAccessFile; +import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets; + +import org.openslx.util.Util; +import org.openslx.virtualization.configuration.VirtualizationConfigurationVmwareFileFormat; +import org.openslx.virtualization.Version; +import org.openslx.virtualization.configuration.VirtualizationConfigurationException; + +/** + * VMDK (sparse extent) disk image for virtual machines. + * + * @author Manuel Bentele + * @version 1.0 + */ +public class DiskImageVmdk extends DiskImage +{ + /** + * Big endian representation of the little endian magic bytes <code>KDMV</code>. + */ + private static final int VMDK_MAGIC = 0x4b444d56; + + /** + * Size of a VMDK disk image data cluster in bytes. + */ + private static final int VMDK_SECTOR_SIZE = 512; + + /** + * Default hardware version of a VMDK disk image. + */ + private static final int VMDK_DEFAULT_HW_VERSION = 10; + + /** + * Stores disk configuration if VMDK disk image contains an embedded descriptor file. + */ + private final VirtualizationConfigurationVmwareFileFormat vmdkConfig; + + /** + * Creates a new VMDK disk image from an existing VMDK image file. + * + * @param diskImage file to a VMDK disk storing the image content. + * + * @throws DiskImageException parsing of the VMDK's embedded descriptor file failed. + */ + DiskImageVmdk( RandomAccessFile diskImage ) throws DiskImageException + { + super( diskImage ); + + this.vmdkConfig = this.parseVmdkConfig(); + } + + /** + * Probe specified file with unknown format to be a VMDK disk image file. + * + * @param diskImage file with unknown format that should be probed. + * @return state whether file is a VMDK disk image or not. + * + * @throws DiskImageException cannot probe specified file with unknown format. + */ + public static boolean probe( RandomAccessFile diskImage ) throws DiskImageException + { + final boolean isVmdkImageFormat; + + // goto the beginning of the disk image to read the magic bytes + final int diskImageMagic = DiskImageUtils.readInt( diskImage, 0 ); + + // check if disk image's magic bytes can be found + if ( diskImageMagic == DiskImageVmdk.VMDK_MAGIC ) { + isVmdkImageFormat = true; + } else { + isVmdkImageFormat = false; + } + + return isVmdkImageFormat; + } + + /** + * Returns the creation type from the VMDK's embedded descriptor file. + * + * @return creation type from the VMDK's embedded descriptor file. + */ + private String getCreationType() + { + final VirtualizationConfigurationVmwareFileFormat vmdkConfig = this.getVmdkConfig(); + final String vmdkCreationType; + + if ( vmdkConfig == null ) { + // VMDK disk image does not contain any descriptor file + // assume that the file is not stand alone + vmdkCreationType = null; + } else { + // VMDK disk image contains a descriptor file + // get creation type from the content of the descriptor file + vmdkCreationType = this.vmdkConfig.get( "createType" ); + } + + return vmdkCreationType; + } + + /** + * Parse the configuration of the VMDK's embedded descriptor file. + * + * @return parsed configuration of the VMDK's embedded descriptor file. + * + * @throws DiskImageException parsing of the VMDK's embedded descriptor file failed. + */ + protected VirtualizationConfigurationVmwareFileFormat parseVmdkConfig() throws DiskImageException + { + final RandomAccessFile diskFile = this.getDiskImage(); + final VirtualizationConfigurationVmwareFileFormat vmdkConfig; + + // get offset and size of descriptor file embedded into the VMDK disk image + final long vmdkDescriptorSectorOffset = Long.reverseBytes( DiskImageUtils.readLong( diskFile, 28 ) ); + final long vmdkDescriptorSectorSize = Long.reverseBytes( DiskImageUtils.readLong( diskFile, 36 ) ); + + if ( vmdkDescriptorSectorOffset > 0 ) { + // get content of descriptor file embedded into the VMDK disk image + final long vmdkDescriptorOffset = vmdkDescriptorSectorOffset * DiskImageVmdk.VMDK_SECTOR_SIZE; + final long vmdkDescriptorSizeMax = vmdkDescriptorSectorSize * DiskImageVmdk.VMDK_SECTOR_SIZE; + final String descriptorStr = new String ( DiskImageUtils.readBytesAsArray( diskFile, vmdkDescriptorOffset, + Long.valueOf( vmdkDescriptorSizeMax ).intValue() ), StandardCharsets.US_ASCII ); + + // get final length of the content within the sectors to be able to trim all 'zero' characters + final int vmdkDescriptorSize = descriptorStr.indexOf( 0 ); + + // if final length of the content is invalid, throw an exception + if ( vmdkDescriptorSize > vmdkDescriptorSizeMax || vmdkDescriptorSize < 0 ) { + final String errorMsg = "Embedded descriptor size in VMDK disk image is invalid!"; + throw new DiskImageException( errorMsg ); + } + + // trim all 'zero' characters at the end of the descriptor content to avoid errors during parsing + final String configStr = descriptorStr.substring( 0, vmdkDescriptorSize ); + + // create configuration instance from content of the descriptor file + try { + vmdkConfig = new VirtualizationConfigurationVmwareFileFormat( configStr.getBytes(), vmdkDescriptorSize ); + } catch ( VirtualizationConfigurationException e ) { + throw new DiskImageException( e.getLocalizedMessage() ); + } + } else { + // there is no descriptor file embedded into the VMDK disk image + vmdkConfig = null; + } + + return vmdkConfig; + } + + /** + * Returns parsed configuration of the VMDK's embedded descriptor file. + * + * @return parsed configuration of the VMDK's embedded descriptor file. + */ + protected VirtualizationConfigurationVmwareFileFormat getVmdkConfig() + { + return this.vmdkConfig; + } + + /** + * Returns the hardware version from the VMDK's embedded descriptor file. + * + * If the VMDK's embedded descriptor file does not contain any hardware version configuration + * entry, the default hardware version (see {@link #VMDK_DEFAULT_HW_VERSION}) is returned. + * + * @return hardware version from the VMDK's embedded descriptor file. + * + * @throws DiskImageException unable to obtain the VMDK's hardware version of the disk image + * format. + */ + public Version getHwVersion() throws DiskImageException + { + final VirtualizationConfigurationVmwareFileFormat vmdkConfig = this.getVmdkConfig(); + final Version hwVersion; + + if ( vmdkConfig != null ) { + // VMDK image contains a hardware version, so return parsed hardware version + // if hardware version cannot be parsed, return default hardware version + final String hwVersionStr = vmdkConfig.get( "ddb.virtualHWVersion" ); + + final int hwVersionMajor = Util.parseInt( hwVersionStr, DiskImageVmdk.VMDK_DEFAULT_HW_VERSION ); + hwVersion = new Version( Integer.valueOf( hwVersionMajor ).shortValue() ); + } else { + // VMDK image does not contain any hardware version, so return default hardware version + final int hwVersionMajor = DiskImageVmdk.VMDK_DEFAULT_HW_VERSION; + hwVersion = new Version( Integer.valueOf( hwVersionMajor ).shortValue() ); + } + + return hwVersion; + } + + @Override + public boolean isStandalone() throws DiskImageException + { + final String vmdkCreationType = this.getCreationType(); + final boolean vmdkStandalone; + + if ( vmdkCreationType != null ) { + // creation type is defined, so check if VMDK disk image is a snapshot + if ( this.isSnapshot() ) { + // VMDK disk image is a snapshot and not stand alone + vmdkStandalone = false; + } else { + // VMDK disk image is not a snapshot + // determine stand alone disk image property + vmdkStandalone = vmdkCreationType.equalsIgnoreCase( "streamOptimized" ) || + vmdkCreationType.equalsIgnoreCase( "monolithicSparse" ); + } + } else { + // creation type is not defined + // assume that the file is not stand alone + vmdkStandalone = false; + } + + return vmdkStandalone; + } + + @Override + public boolean isCompressed() throws DiskImageException + { + final String vmdkCreationType = this.getCreationType(); + final boolean vmdkCompressed; + + if ( vmdkCreationType != null && vmdkCreationType.equalsIgnoreCase( "streamOptimized" ) ) { + // creation type is defined, and VMDK disk image is compressed + vmdkCompressed = true; + } else { + // creation type for compression is not defined + // assume that the file is not compressed + vmdkCompressed = false; + } + + return vmdkCompressed; + } + + @Override + public boolean isSnapshot() throws DiskImageException + { + final VirtualizationConfigurationVmwareFileFormat vmdkConfig = this.getVmdkConfig(); + final boolean vmdkSnapshot; + + if ( vmdkConfig == null ) { + // VMDK disk image does not contain any descriptor file + // assume that the file is not a snapshot + vmdkSnapshot = false; + } else { + // get parent CID to determine snapshot disk image property + final String parentCid = vmdkConfig.get( "parentCID" ); + + if ( parentCid != null && !parentCid.equalsIgnoreCase( "ffffffff" ) ) { + // link to parent content identifier is defined, so VMDK disk image is a snapshot + vmdkSnapshot = true; + } else { + // link to parent content identifier is not defined, so VMDK disk image is not a snapshot + vmdkSnapshot = false; + } + } + + return vmdkSnapshot; + } + + @Override + public Version getVersion() throws DiskImageException + { + final RandomAccessFile diskFile = this.getDiskImage(); + final int vmdkVersion = Integer.reverseBytes( DiskImageUtils.readInt( diskFile, 4 ) ); + + return new Version( Integer.valueOf( vmdkVersion ).shortValue() ); + } + + @Override + public String getDescription() throws DiskImageException + { + return null; + } + + @Override + public ImageFormat getFormat() + { + return ImageFormat.VMDK; + } +} |