/*
* create a COW disk image
*
* Copyright (c) 2003 Fabrice Bellard
*
* Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
* of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
* in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
* to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
* copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
* furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
*
* The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
* all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
*
* THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
* IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
* FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
* THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
* LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
* OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
* THE SOFTWARE.
*/
#include "vl.h"
void *get_mmap_addr(unsigned long size)
{
return NULL;
}
void qemu_free(void *ptr)
{
free(ptr);
}
void *qemu_malloc(size_t size)
{
return malloc(size);
}
void *qemu_mallocz(size_t size)
{
void *ptr;
ptr = qemu_malloc(size);
if (!ptr)
return NULL;
memset(ptr, 0, size);
return ptr;
}
char *qemu_strdup(const char *str)
{
char *ptr;
ptr = qemu_malloc(strlen(str) + 1);
if (!ptr)
return NULL;
strcpy(ptr, str);
return ptr;
}
void pstrcpy(char *buf, int buf_size, const char *str)
{
int c;
char *q = buf;
if (buf_size <= 0)
return;
for(;;) {
c = *str++;
if (c == 0 || q >= buf + buf_size - 1)
break;
*q++ = c;
}
*q = '\0';
}
/* strcat and truncate. */
char *pstrcat(char *buf, int buf_size, const char *s)
{
int len;
len = strlen(buf);
if (len < buf_size)
pstrcpy(buf + len, buf_size - len, s);
return buf;
}
int strstart(const char *str, const char *val, const char **ptr)
{
const char *p, *q;
p = str;
q = val;
while (*q != '\0') {
if (*p != *q)
return 0;
p++;
q++;
}
if (ptr)
*ptr = p;
return 1;
}
void term_printf(const char *fmt, ...)
{
va_list ap;
va_start(ap, fmt);
vprintf(fmt, ap);
va_end(ap);
}
void __attribute__((noreturn)) error(const char *fmt, ...)
{
va_list ap;
va_start(ap, fmt);
fprintf(stderr, "qemu-img: ");
vfprintf(stderr, fmt, ap);
fprintf(stderr, "\n");
exit(1);
va_end(ap);
}
static void format_print(void *opaque, const char *name)
{
printf(" %s", name);
}
void help(void)
{
printf("qemu-img version " QEMU_VERSION ", Copyright (c) 2004-2005 Fabrice Bellard\n"
"usage: qemu-img command [command options]\n"
"QEMU disk image utility\n"
"\n"
"Command syntax:\n"
" create [-e] [-b base_image] [-f fmt] filename [size]\n"
" commit [-f fmt] filename\n"
" convert [-c] [-e] [-f fmt] filename [-O output_fmt] output_filename\n"
" info [-f fmt] filename\n"
"\n"
"Command parameters:\n"
" 'filename' is a disk image filename\n"
" 'base_image' is the read-only disk image which is used as base for a copy on\n"
" write image; the copy on write image only stores the modified data\n"
" 'fmt' is the disk image format. It is guessed automatically in most cases\n"
" 'size' is the disk image size in kilobytes. Optional suffixes 'M' (megabyte)\n"
" and 'G' (gigabyte) are supported\n"
" 'output_filename' is the destination disk image filename\n"
" 'output_fmt' is the destination format\n"
" '-c' indicates that target image must be compressed (qcow format only)\n"
" '-e' indicates that the target image must be encrypted (qcow format only)\n"
);
printf("\nSupported format:");
bdrv_iterate_format(format_print, NULL);
printf("\n");
exit(1);
}
#define NB_SUFFIXES 4
static void get_human_readable_size(char *buf, int buf_size, int64_t size)
{
char suffixes[NB_SUFFIXES] = "KMGT";
int64_t base;
int i;
if (size <= 999) {
snprintf(buf, buf_size, "%lld", (long long) size);
} else {
base = 1024;
for(i = 0; i < NB_SUFFIXES; i++) {
if (size < (10 * base)) {
snprintf(buf, buf_size, "%0.1f%c",
(double)size / base,
suffixes[i]);
break;
} else if (size < (1000 * base) || i == (NB_SUFFIXES - 1)) {
snprintf(buf, buf_size, "%lld%c",
(long long) ((size + (base >> 1)) / base),
suffixes[i]);
break;
}
base = base * 1024;
}
}
}
#if defined(WIN32)
/* XXX: put correct support for win32 */
static int read_password(char *buf, int buf_size)
{
int c, i;
printf("Password: ");
fflush(stdout);
i = 0;
for(;;) {
c = getchar();
if (c == '\n')
break;
if (i < (buf_size - 1))
buf[i++] = c;
}
buf[i] = '\0';
return 0;
}
#else
#include <termios.h>
static struct termios oldtty;
static void term_exit(void)
{
tcsetattr (0, TCSANOW, &oldtty);
}
static void term_init(void)
{
struct termios tty;
tcgetattr (0, &tty);
oldtty = tty;
tty.c_iflag &= ~(IGNBRK|BRKINT|PARMRK|ISTRIP
|INLCR|IGNCR|ICRNL|IXON);
tty.c_oflag |= OPOST;
tty.c_lflag &= ~(ECHO|ECHONL|ICANON|IEXTEN);
tty.c_cflag &= ~(CSIZE|PARENB);
tty.c_cflag |= CS8;
tty.c_cc[VMIN] = 1;
tty.c_cc[VTIME] = 0;
tcsetattr (0, TCSANOW, &tty);
atexit(term_exit);
}
int read_password(char *buf, int buf_size)
{
uint8_t ch;
int i, ret;
printf("password: ");
fflush(stdout);
term_init();
i = 0;
for(;;) {
ret = read(0, &ch, 1);
if (ret == -1) {
if (errno == EAGAIN || errno == EINTR) {
continue;
} else {
ret = -1;
break;
}
} else if (ret == 0) {
ret = -1;
break;
} else {
if (ch == '\r') {
ret = 0;
break;
}
if (i < (buf_size - 1))
buf[i++] = ch;
}
}
term_exit();
buf[i] = '\0';
printf("\n");
return ret;
}
#endif
static BlockDriverState *bdrv_new_open(const char *filename,
const char *fmt)
{
BlockDriverState *bs;
BlockDriver *drv;
char password[256];
bs = bdrv_new("");
if (!bs)
error("Not enough memory");
if (fmt) {
drv = bdrv_find_format(fmt);
if (!drv)
error("Unknown file format '%s'", fmt);
} else {
drv = NULL;
}
if (bdrv_open2(bs, filename, 0, drv) < 0) {
error("Could not open '%s'", filename);
}
if (bdrv_is_encrypted(bs)) {
printf("Disk image '%s' is encrypted.\n", filename);
if (read_password(password, sizeof(password)) < 0)
error("No password given");
if (bdrv_set_key(bs, password) < 0)
error("invalid password");
}
return bs;
}
static int img_create(int argc, char **argv)
{
int c, ret, encrypted;
const char *fmt = "raw";
const char *filename;
const char *base_filename = NULL;
int64_t size;
const char *p;
BlockDriver *drv;
encrypted = 0;
for(;;) {
c = getopt(argc, argv, "b:f:he");
if (c == -1)
break;
switch(c) {
case 'h':
help();
break;
case 'b':
base_filename = optarg;
break;
case 'f':
fmt = optarg;
break;
case 'e':
encrypted = 1;
break;
}
}
if (optind >= argc)
help();
filename = argv[optind++];
size = 0;
if (base_filename) {
BlockDriverState *bs;
bs = bdrv_new_open(base_filename, NULL);
bdrv_get_geometry(bs, &size);
size *= 512;
bdrv_delete(bs);
} else {
if (optind >= argc)
help();
p = argv[optind];
size = strtoul(p, (char **)&p, 0);
if (*p == 'M') {
size *= 1024 * 1024;
} else if (*p == 'G') {
size *= 1024 * 1024 * 1024;
} else if (*p == 'k' || *p == 'K' || *p == '\0') {
size *= 1024;
} else {
help();
}
}
drv = bdrv_find_format(fmt);
if (!drv)
error("Unknown file format '%s'", fmt);
printf("Formating '%s', fmt=%s",
filename, fmt);
if (encrypted)
printf(", encrypted");
if (base_filename) {
printf(", backing_file=%s",
base_filename);
}
printf(", size=%lld kB\n", (long long) (size / 1024));
ret = bdrv_create(drv, filename, size / 512, base_filename, encrypted);
if (ret < 0) {
if (ret == -ENOTSUP) {
error("Formatting or formatting option not supported for file format '%s'", fmt);
} else {
error("Error while formatting");
}
}
return 0;
}
static int img_commit(int argc, char **argv)
{
int c, ret;
const char *filename, *fmt;
BlockDriver *drv;
BlockDriverState *bs;
fmt = NULL;
for(;;) {
c = getopt(argc, argv, "f:h");
if (c == -1)
break;
switch(c) {
case 'h':
help();
break;
case 'f':
fmt = optarg;
break;
}
}
if (optind >= argc)
help();
filename = argv[optind++];
bs = bdrv_new("");
if (!bs)
error("Not enough memory");
if (fmt) {
drv = bdrv_find_format(fmt);
if (!drv)
error("Unknown file format '%s'", fmt);
} else {
drv = NULL;
}
if (bdrv_open2(bs, filename, 0, drv) < 0) {
error("Could not open '%s'", filename);
}
ret = bdrv_commit(bs);
switch(ret) {
case 0:
printf("Image committed.\n");
break;
case -ENOENT:
error("No disk inserted");
break;
case -EACCES:
error("Image is read-only");
break;
case -ENOTSUP:
error("Image is already committed");
break;
default:
error("Error while committing image");
break;
}
bdrv_delete(bs);
return 0;
}
static int is_not_zero(const uint8_t *sector, int len)
{
int i;
len >>= 2;
for(i = 0;i < len; i++) {
if (((uint32_t *)sector)[i] != 0)
return 1;
}
return 0;
}
static int is_allocated_sectors(const uint8_t *buf, int n, int *pnum)
{
int v, i;
if (n <= 0) {
*pnum = 0;
return 0;
}
v = is_not_zero(buf, 512);
for(i = 1; i < n; i++) {
buf += 512;
if (v != is_not_zero(buf, 512))
break;
}
*pnum = i;
return v;
}
#define IO_BUF_SIZE 65536
static int img_convert(int argc, char **argv)
{
int c, ret, n, n1, compress, cluster_size, cluster_sectors, encrypt;
const char *filename, *fmt, *out_fmt, *out_filename;
BlockDriver *drv;
BlockDriverState *bs, *out_bs;
int64_t total_sectors, nb_sectors, sector_num;
uint8_t buf[IO_BUF_SIZE];
const uint8_t *buf1;
fmt = NULL;
out_fmt = "raw";
compress = 0;
encrypt = 0;
for(;;) {
c = getopt(argc, argv, "f:O:hce");
if (c == -1)
break;
switch(c) {
case 'h':
help();
break;
case 'f':
fmt = optarg;
break;
case 'O':
out_fmt = optarg;
break;
case 'c':
compress = 1;
break;
case 'e':
encrypt = 1;
break;
}
}
if (optind >= argc)
help();
filename = argv[optind++];
if (optind >= argc)
help();
out_filename = argv[optind++];
bs = bdrv_new_open(filename, fmt);
drv = bdrv_find_format(out_fmt);
if (!drv)
error("Unknown file format '%s'", fmt);
if (compress && drv != &bdrv_qcow)
error("Compression not supported for this file format");
if (encrypt && drv != &bdrv_qcow)
error("Encryption not supported for this file format");
if (compress && encrypt)
error("Compression and encryption not supported at the same time");
bdrv_get_geometry(bs, &total_sectors);
ret = bdrv_create(drv, out_filename, total_sectors, NULL, encrypt);
if (ret < 0) {
if (ret == -ENOTSUP) {
error("Formatting not supported for file format '%s'", fmt);
} else {
error("Error while formatting '%s'", out_filename);
}
}
out_bs = bdrv_new_open(out_filename, out_fmt);
if (compress) {
cluster_size = qcow_get_cluster_size(out_bs);
if (cluster_size <= 0 || cluster_size > IO_BUF_SIZE)
error("invalid cluster size");
cluster_sectors = cluster_size >> 9;
sector_num = 0;
for(;;) {
nb_sectors = total_sectors - sector_num;
if (nb_sectors <= 0)
break;
if (nb_sectors >= cluster_sectors)
n = cluster_sectors;
else
n = nb_sectors;
if (bdrv_read(bs, sector_num, buf, n) < 0)
error("error while reading");
if (n < cluster_sectors)
memset(buf + n * 512, 0, cluster_size - n * 512);
if (is_not_zero(buf, cluster_size)) {
if (qcow_compress_cluster(out_bs, sector_num, buf) != 0)
error("error while compressing sector %lld", sector_num);
}
sector_num += n;
}
} else {
sector_num = 0;
for(;;) {
nb_sectors = total_sectors - sector_num;
if (nb_sectors <= 0)
break;
if (nb_sectors >= (IO_BUF_SIZE / 512))
n = (IO_BUF_SIZE / 512);
else
n = nb_sectors;
if (bdrv_read(bs, sector_num, buf, n) < 0)
error("error while reading");
/* NOTE: at the same time we convert, we do not write zero
sectors to have a chance to compress the image. Ideally, we
should add a specific call to have the info to go faster */
buf1 = buf;
while (n > 0) {
if (is_allocated_sectors(buf1, n, &n1)) {
if (bdrv_write(out_bs, sector_num, buf1, n1) < 0)
error("error while writing");
}
sector_num += n1;
n -= n1;
buf1 += n1 * 512;
}
}
}
bdrv_delete(out_bs);
bdrv_delete(bs);
return 0;
}
#ifdef _WIN32
static int64_t get_allocated_file_size(const char *filename)
{
struct _stati64 st;
if (_stati64(filename, &st) < 0)
return -1;
return st.st_size;
}
#else
static int64_t get_allocated_file_size(const char *filename)
{
struct stat st;
if (stat(filename, &st) < 0)
return -1;
return (int64_t)st.st_blocks * 512;
}
#endif
static int img_info(int argc, char **argv)
{
int c;
const char *filename, *fmt;
BlockDriver *drv;
BlockDriverState *bs;
char fmt_name[128], size_buf[128], dsize_buf[128];
int64_t total_sectors, allocated_size;
fmt = NULL;
for(;;) {
c = getopt(argc, argv, "f:h");
if (c == -1)
break;
switch(c) {
case 'h':
help();
break;
case 'f':
fmt = optarg;
break;
}
}
if (optind >= argc)
help();
filename = argv[optind++];
bs = bdrv_new("");
if (!bs)
error("Not enough memory");
if (fmt) {
drv = bdrv_find_format(fmt);
if (!drv)
error("Unknown file format '%s'", fmt);
} else {
drv = NULL;
}
if (bdrv_open2(bs, filename, 0, drv) < 0) {
error("Could not open '%s'", filename);
}
bdrv_get_format(bs, fmt_name, sizeof(fmt_name));
bdrv_get_geometry(bs, &total_sectors);
get_human_readable_size(size_buf, sizeof(size_buf), total_sectors * 512);
allocated_size = get_allocated_file_size(filename);
if (allocated_size < 0)
sprintf(dsize_buf, "unavailable");
else
get_human_readable_size(dsize_buf, sizeof(dsize_buf),
allocated_size);
printf("image: %s\n"
"file format: %s\n"
"virtual size: %s (%lld bytes)\n"
"disk size: %s\n",
filename, fmt_name, size_buf,
(long long) (total_sectors * 512),
dsize_buf);
if (bdrv_is_encrypted(bs))
printf("encrypted: yes\n");
bdrv_delete(bs);
return 0;
}
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
const char *cmd;
bdrv_init();
if (argc < 2)
help();
cmd = argv[1];
optind++;
if (!strcmp(cmd, "create")) {
img_create(argc, argv);
} else if (!strcmp(cmd, "commit")) {
img_commit(argc, argv);
} else if (!strcmp(cmd, "convert")) {
img_convert(argc, argv);
} else if (!strcmp(cmd, "info")) {
img_info(argc, argv);
} else {
help();
}
return 0;
}
