#
# VM testing base class
#
# Copyright 2017-2019 Red Hat Inc.
#
# Authors:
# Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
# Gerd Hoffmann <kraxel@redhat.com>
#
# This code is licensed under the GPL version 2 or later. See
# the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
#
import os
import re
import sys
import socket
import logging
import time
import datetime
sys.path.append(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), '..', '..', 'python'))
from qemu.accel import kvm_available
from qemu.machine import QEMUMachine
import subprocess
import hashlib
import optparse
import atexit
import tempfile
import shutil
import multiprocessing
import traceback
SSH_KEY = open(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__),
"..", "keys", "id_rsa")).read()
SSH_PUB_KEY = open(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__),
"..", "keys", "id_rsa.pub")).read()
class BaseVM(object):
GUEST_USER = "qemu"
GUEST_PASS = "qemupass"
ROOT_PASS = "qemupass"
envvars = [
"https_proxy",
"http_proxy",
"ftp_proxy",
"no_proxy",
]
# The script to run in the guest that builds QEMU
BUILD_SCRIPT = ""
# The guest name, to be overridden by subclasses
name = "#base"
# The guest architecture, to be overridden by subclasses
arch = "#arch"
# command to halt the guest, can be overridden by subclasses
poweroff = "poweroff"
# enable IPv6 networking
ipv6 = True
# Scale up some timeouts under TCG.
# 4 is arbitrary, but greater than 2,
# since we found we need to wait more than twice as long.
tcg_ssh_timeout_multiplier = 4
def __init__(self, args):
self._guest = None
self._genisoimage = args.genisoimage
self._build_path = args.build_path
self._tmpdir = os.path.realpath(tempfile.mkdtemp(prefix="vm-test-",
suffix=".tmp",
dir="."))
atexit.register(shutil.rmtree, self._tmpdir)
self._ssh_key_file = os.path.join(self._tmpdir, "id_rsa")
open(self._ssh_key_file, "w").write(SSH_KEY)
subprocess.check_call(["chmod", "600", self._ssh_key_file])
self._ssh_pub_key_file = os.path.join(self._tmpdir, "id_rsa.pub")
open(self._ssh_pub_key_file, "w").write(SSH_PUB_KEY)
self.debug = args.debug
self._stderr = sys.stderr
self._devnull = open(os.devnull, "w")
if self.debug:
self._stdout = sys.stdout
else:
self._stdout = self._devnull
self._args = [ \
"-nodefaults", "-m", "4G",
"-cpu", "max",
"-netdev", "user,id=vnet,hostfwd=:127.0.0.1:0-:22" +
(",ipv6=no" if not self.ipv6 else ""),
"-device", "virtio-net-pci,netdev=vnet",
"-vnc", "127.0.0.1:0,to=20"]
if args.jobs and args.jobs > 1:
self._args += ["-smp", "%d" % args.jobs]
if kvm_available(self.arch):
self._args += ["-enable-kvm"]
else:
logging.info("KVM not available, not using -enable-kvm")
self._data_args = []
def _download_with_cache(self, url, sha256sum=None, sha512sum=None):
def check_sha256sum(fname):
if not sha256sum:
return True
checksum = subprocess.check_output(["sha256sum", fname]).split()[0]
return sha256sum == checksum.decode("utf-8")
def check_sha512sum(fname):
if not sha512sum:
return True
checksum = subprocess.check_output(["sha512sum", fname]).split()[0]
return sha512sum == checksum.decode("utf-8")
cache_dir = os.path.expanduser("~/.cache/qemu-vm/download")
if not os.path.exists(cache_dir):
os.makedirs(cache_dir)
fname = os.path.join(cache_dir,
hashlib.sha1(url.encode("utf-8")).hexdigest())
if os.path.exists(fname) and check_sha256sum(fname) and check_sha512sum(fname):
return fname
logging.debug("Downloading %s to %s...", url, fname)
subprocess.check_call(["wget", "-c", url, "-O", fname + ".download"],
stdout=self._stdout, stderr=self._stderr)
os.rename(fname + ".download", fname)
return fname
def _ssh_do(self, user, cmd, check):
ssh_cmd = ["ssh",
"-t",
"-o", "StrictHostKeyChecking=no",
"-o", "UserKnownHostsFile=" + os.devnull,
"-o", "ConnectTimeout=1",
"-p", self.ssh_port, "-i", self._ssh_key_file]
# If not in debug mode, set ssh to quiet mode to
# avoid printing the results of commands.
if not self.debug:
ssh_cmd.append("-q")
for var in self.envvars:
ssh_cmd += ['-o', "SendEnv=%s" % var ]
assert not isinstance(cmd, str)
ssh_cmd += ["%s@127.0.0.1" % user] + list(cmd)
logging.debug("ssh_cmd: %s", " ".join(ssh_cmd))
r = subprocess.call(ssh_cmd)
if check and r != 0:
raise Exception("SSH command failed: %s" % cmd)
return r
def ssh(self, *cmd):
return self._ssh_do(self.GUEST_USER, cmd, False)
def ssh_root(self, *cmd):
return self._ssh_do("root", cmd, False)
def ssh_check(self, *cmd):
self._ssh_do(self.GUEST_USER, cmd, True)
def ssh_root_check(self, *cmd):
self._ssh_do("root", cmd, True)
def build_image(self, img):
raise NotImplementedError
def exec_qemu_img(self, *args):
cmd = [os.environ.get("QEMU_IMG", "qemu-img")]
cmd.extend(list(args))
subprocess.check_call(cmd)
def add_source_dir(self, src_dir):
name = "data-" + hashlib.sha1(src_dir.encode("utf-8")).hexdigest()[:5]
tarfile = os.path.join(self._tmpdir, name + ".tar")
logging.debug("Creating archive %s for src_dir dir: %s", tarfile, src_dir)
subprocess.check_call(["./scripts/archive-source.sh", tarfile],
cwd=src_dir, stdin=self._devnull,
stdout=self._stdout, stderr=self._stderr)
self._data_args += ["-drive",
"file=%s,if=none,id=%s,cache=writeback,format=raw" % \
(tarfile, name),
"-device",
"virtio-blk,drive=%s,serial=%s,bootindex=1" % (name, name)]
def boot(self, img, extra_args=[]):
args = self._args + [
"-drive", "file=%s,if=none,id=drive0,cache=writeback" % img,
"-device", "virtio-blk,drive=drive0,bootindex=0"]
args += self._data_args + extra_args
logging.debug("QEMU args: %s", " ".join(args))
qemu_path = get_qemu_path(self.arch, self._build_path)
guest = QEMUMachine(binary=qemu_path, args=args)
guest.set_machine('pc')
guest.set_console()
try:
guest.launch()
except:
logging.error("Failed to launch QEMU, command line:")
logging.error(" ".join([qemu_path] + args))
logging.error("Log:")
logging.error(guest.get_log())
logging.error("QEMU version >= 2.10 is required")
raise
atexit.register(self.shutdown)
self._guest = guest
usernet_info = guest.qmp("human-monitor-command",
command_line="info usernet")
self.ssh_port = None
for l in usernet_info["return"].splitlines():
fields = l.split()
if "TCP[HOST_FORWARD]" in fields and "22" in fields:
self.ssh_port = l.split()[3]
if not self.ssh_port:
raise Exception("Cannot find ssh port from 'info usernet':\n%s" % \
usernet_info)
def console_init(self, timeout = 120):
vm = self._guest
vm.console_socket.settimeout(timeout)
self.console_raw_path = os.path.join(vm._temp_dir,
vm._name + "-console.raw")
self.console_raw_file = open(self.console_raw_path, 'wb')
def console_log(self, text):
for line in re.split("[\r\n]", text):
# filter out terminal escape sequences
line = re.sub("\x1b\[[0-9;?]*[a-zA-Z]", "", line)
line = re.sub("\x1b\([0-9;?]*[a-zA-Z]", "", line)
# replace unprintable chars
line = re.sub("\x1b", "<esc>", line)
line = re.sub("[\x00-\x1f]", ".", line)
line = re.sub("[\x80-\xff]", ".", line)
if line == "":
continue
# log console line
sys.stderr.write("con recv: %s\n" % line)
def console_wait(self, expect, expectalt = None):
vm = self._guest
output = ""
while True:
try:
chars = vm.console_socket.recv(1)
if self.console_raw_file:
self.console_raw_file.write(chars)
self.console_raw_file.flush()
except socket.timeout:
sys.stderr.write("console: *** read timeout ***\n")
sys.stderr.write("console: waiting for: '%s'\n" % expect)
if not expectalt is None:
sys.stderr.write("console: waiting for: '%s' (alt)\n" % expectalt)
sys.stderr.write("console: line buffer:\n")
sys.stderr.write("\n")
self.console_log(output.rstrip())
sys.stderr.write("\n")
raise
output += chars.decode("latin1")
if expect in output:
break
if not expectalt is None and expectalt in output:
break
if "\r" in output or "\n" in output:
lines = re.split("[\r\n]", output)
output = lines.pop()
if self.debug:
self.console_log("\n".join(lines))
if self.debug:
self.console_log(output)
if not expectalt is None and expectalt in output:
return False
return True
def console_consume(self):
vm = self._guest
output = ""
vm.console_socket.setblocking(0)
while True:
try:
chars = vm.console_socket.recv(1)
except:
break
output += chars.decode("latin1")
if "\r" in output or "\n" in output:
lines = re.split("[\r\n]", output)
output = lines.pop()
if self.debug:
self.console_log("\n".join(lines))
if self.debug:
self.console_log(output)
vm.console_socket.setblocking(1)
def console_send(self, command):
vm = self._guest
if self.debug:
logline = re.sub("\n", "<enter>", command)
logline = re.sub("[\x00-\x1f]", ".", logline)
sys.stderr.write("con send: %s\n" % logline)
for char in list(command):
vm.console_socket.send(char.encode("utf-8"))
time.sleep(0.01)
def console_wait_send(self, wait, command):
self.console_wait(wait)
self.console_send(command)
def console_ssh_init(self, prompt, user, pw):
sshkey_cmd = "echo '%s' > .ssh/authorized_keys\n" % SSH_PUB_KEY.rstrip()
self.console_wait_send("login:", "%s\n" % user)
self.console_wait_send("Password:", "%s\n" % pw)
self.console_wait_send(prompt, "mkdir .ssh\n")
self.console_wait_send(prompt, sshkey_cmd)
self.console_wait_send(prompt, "chmod 755 .ssh\n")
self.console_wait_send(prompt, "chmod 644 .ssh/authorized_keys\n")
def console_sshd_config(self, prompt):
self.console_wait(prompt)
self.console_send("echo 'PermitRootLogin yes' >> /etc/ssh/sshd_config\n")
for var in self.envvars:
self.console_wait(prompt)
self.console_send("echo 'AcceptEnv %s' >> /etc/ssh/sshd_config\n" % var)
def print_step(self, text):
sys.stderr.write("### %s ...\n" % text)
def wait_ssh(self, wait_root=False, seconds=300, cmd="exit 0"):
# Allow more time for VM to boot under TCG.
if not kvm_available(self.arch):
seconds *= self.tcg_ssh_timeout_multiplier
starttime = datetime.datetime.now()
endtime = starttime + datetime.timedelta(seconds=seconds)
cmd_success = False
while datetime.datetime.now() < endtime:
if wait_root and self.ssh_root(cmd) == 0:
cmd_success = True
break
elif self.ssh(cmd) == 0:
cmd_success = True
break
seconds = (endtime - datetime.datetime.now()).total_seconds()
logging.debug("%ds before timeout", seconds)
time.sleep(1)
if not cmd_success:
raise Exception("Timeout while waiting for guest ssh")
def shutdown(self):
self._guest.shutdown()
def wait(self):
self._guest.wait()
def graceful_shutdown(self):
self.ssh_root(self.poweroff)
self._guest.wait()
def qmp(self, *args, **kwargs):
return self._guest.qmp(*args, **kwargs)
def gen_cloud_init_iso(self):
cidir = self._tmpdir
mdata = open(os.path.join(cidir, "meta-data"), "w")
name = self.name.replace(".","-")
mdata.writelines(["instance-id: {}-vm-0\n".format(name),
"local-hostname: {}-guest\n".format(name)])
mdata.close()
udata = open(os.path.join(cidir, "user-data"), "w")
print("guest user:pw {}:{}".format(self.GUEST_USER,
self.GUEST_PASS))
udata.writelines(["#cloud-config\n",
"chpasswd:\n",
" list: |\n",
" root:%s\n" % self.ROOT_PASS,
" %s:%s\n" % (self.GUEST_USER,
self.GUEST_PASS),
" expire: False\n",
"users:\n",
" - name: %s\n" % self.GUEST_USER,
" sudo: ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL\n",
" ssh-authorized-keys:\n",
" - %s\n" % SSH_PUB_KEY,
" - name: root\n",
" ssh-authorized-keys:\n",
" - %s\n" % SSH_PUB_KEY,
"locale: en_US.UTF-8\n"])
proxy = os.environ.get("http_proxy")
if not proxy is None:
udata.writelines(["apt:\n",
" proxy: %s" % proxy])
udata.close()
subprocess.check_call([self._genisoimage, "-output", "cloud-init.iso",
"-volid", "cidata", "-joliet", "-rock",
"user-data", "meta-data"],
cwd=cidir,
stdin=self._devnull, stdout=self._stdout,
stderr=self._stdout)
return os.path.join(cidir, "cloud-init.iso")
def get_qemu_path(arch, build_path=None):
"""Fetch the path to the qemu binary."""
# If QEMU environment variable set, it takes precedence
if "QEMU" in os.environ:
qemu_path = os.environ["QEMU"]
elif build_path:
qemu_path = os.path.join(build_path, arch + "-softmmu")
qemu_path = os.path.join(qemu_path, "qemu-system-" + arch)
else:
# Default is to use system path for qemu.
qemu_path = "qemu-system-" + arch
return qemu_path
def parse_args(vmcls):
def get_default_jobs():
if kvm_available(vmcls.arch):
return multiprocessing.cpu_count() // 2
else:
return 1
parser = optparse.OptionParser(
description="VM test utility. Exit codes: "
"0 = success, "
"1 = command line error, "
"2 = environment initialization failed, "
"3 = test command failed")
parser.add_option("--debug", "-D", action="store_true",
help="enable debug output")
parser.add_option("--image", "-i", default="%s.img" % vmcls.name,
help="image file name")
parser.add_option("--force", "-f", action="store_true",
help="force build image even if image exists")
parser.add_option("--jobs", type=int, default=get_default_jobs(),
help="number of virtual CPUs")
parser.add_option("--verbose", "-V", action="store_true",
help="Pass V=1 to builds within the guest")
parser.add_option("--build-image", "-b", action="store_true",
help="build image")
parser.add_option("--build-qemu",
help="build QEMU from source in guest")
parser.add_option("--build-target",
help="QEMU build target", default="check")
parser.add_option("--build-path", default=None,
help="Path of build directory, "\
"for using build tree QEMU binary. ")
parser.add_option("--interactive", "-I", action="store_true",
help="Interactively run command")
parser.add_option("--snapshot", "-s", action="store_true",
help="run tests with a snapshot")
parser.add_option("--genisoimage", default="genisoimage",
help="iso imaging tool")
parser.disable_interspersed_args()
return parser.parse_args()
def main(vmcls):
try:
args, argv = parse_args(vmcls)
if not argv and not args.build_qemu and not args.build_image:
print("Nothing to do?")
return 1
logging.basicConfig(level=(logging.DEBUG if args.debug
else logging.WARN))
vm = vmcls(args)
if args.build_image:
if os.path.exists(args.image) and not args.force:
sys.stderr.writelines(["Image file exists: %s\n" % args.image,
"Use --force option to overwrite\n"])
return 1
return vm.build_image(args.image)
if args.build_qemu:
vm.add_source_dir(args.build_qemu)
cmd = [vm.BUILD_SCRIPT.format(
configure_opts = " ".join(argv),
jobs=int(args.jobs),
target=args.build_target,
verbose = "V=1" if args.verbose else "")]
else:
cmd = argv
img = args.image
if args.snapshot:
img += ",snapshot=on"
vm.boot(img)
vm.wait_ssh()
except Exception as e:
if isinstance(e, SystemExit) and e.code == 0:
return 0
sys.stderr.write("Failed to prepare guest environment\n")
traceback.print_exc()
return 2
exitcode = 0
if vm.ssh(*cmd) != 0:
exitcode = 3
if args.interactive:
vm.ssh()
if not args.snapshot:
vm.graceful_shutdown()
return exitcode
