Merge remote-tracking branch 'qmp/queue/qmp' into staging

* qmp/queue/qmp:
  block: live snapshot documentation tweaks
  input: index_from_key(): drop unused code
  qmp: qmp_send_key(): accept key codes in hex
  input: qmp_send_key(): simplify
  hmp: dump-guest-memory: hardcode protocol argument to "file:"
  qmp: dump-guest-memory: don't spin if non-blocking fd would block
  qmp: dump-guest-memory: improve schema doc (again)
  qapi: convert add_client
  monitor: add Error * argument to monitor_get_fd
  pci-assign: use monitor_handle_fd_param
  qapi: add "unix" to the set of reserved words
  qapi: do not protect enum values from namespace pollution
  Add qemu-ga-client script
  Support settimeout in QEMUMonitorProtocol
  Make negotiation optional in QEMUMonitorProtocol

16 files changed, 517 insertions, 155 deletions

diff --git a/QMP/qemu-ga-client b/QMP/qemu-ga-client
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..46676c3750
--- /dev/null
+++ b/QMP/qemu-ga-client
@@ -0,0 +1,299 @@
+#!/usr/bin/python
+
+# QEMU Guest Agent Client
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2012 Ryota Ozaki <ozaki.ryota@gmail.com>
+#
+# This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2.  See
+# the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
+#
+# Usage:
+#
+# Start QEMU with:
+#
+# # qemu [...] -chardev socket,path=/tmp/qga.sock,server,nowait,id=qga0 \
+#   -device virtio-serial -device virtserialport,chardev=qga0,name=org.qemu.guest_agent.0
+#
+# Run the script:
+#
+# $ qemu-ga-client --address=/tmp/qga.sock <command> [args...]
+#
+# or
+#
+# $ export QGA_CLIENT_ADDRESS=/tmp/qga.sock
+# $ qemu-ga-client <command> [args...]
+#
+# For example:
+#
+# $ qemu-ga-client cat /etc/resolv.conf
+# # Generated by NetworkManager
+# nameserver 10.0.2.3
+# $ qemu-ga-client fsfreeze status
+# thawed
+# $ qemu-ga-client fsfreeze freeze
+# 2 filesystems frozen
+#
+# See also: http://wiki.qemu.org/Features/QAPI/GuestAgent
+#
+
+import base64
+import random
+
+import qmp
+
+
+class QemuGuestAgent(qmp.QEMUMonitorProtocol):
+    def __getattr__(self, name):
+        def wrapper(**kwds):
+            return self.command('guest-' + name.replace('_', '-'), **kwds)
+        return wrapper
+
+
+class QemuGuestAgentClient:
+    error = QemuGuestAgent.error
+
+    def __init__(self, address):
+        self.qga = QemuGuestAgent(address)
+        self.qga.connect(negotiate=False)
+
+    def sync(self, timeout=3):
+        # Avoid being blocked forever
+        if not self.ping(timeout):
+            raise EnvironmentError('Agent seems not alive')
+        uid = random.randint(0, (1 << 32) - 1)
+        while True:
+            ret = self.qga.sync(id=uid)
+            if isinstance(ret, int) and int(ret) == uid:
+                break
+
+    def __file_read_all(self, handle):
+        eof = False
+        data = ''
+        while not eof:
+            ret = self.qga.file_read(handle=handle, count=1024)
+            _data = base64.b64decode(ret['buf-b64'])
+            data += _data
+            eof = ret['eof']
+        return data
+
+    def read(self, path):
+        handle = self.qga.file_open(path=path)
+        try:
+            data = self.__file_read_all(handle)
+        finally:
+            self.qga.file_close(handle=handle)
+        return data
+
+    def info(self):
+        info = self.qga.info()
+
+        msgs = []
+        msgs.append('version: ' + info['version'])
+        msgs.append('supported_commands:')
+        enabled = [c['name'] for c in info['supported_commands'] if c['enabled']]
+        msgs.append('\tenabled: ' + ', '.join(enabled))
+        disabled = [c['name'] for c in info['supported_commands'] if not c['enabled']]
+        msgs.append('\tdisabled: ' + ', '.join(disabled))
+
+        return '\n'.join(msgs)
+
+    def __gen_ipv4_netmask(self, prefixlen):
+        mask = int('1' * prefixlen + '0' * (32 - prefixlen), 2)
+        return '.'.join([str(mask >> 24),
+                         str((mask >> 16) & 0xff),
+                         str((mask >> 8) & 0xff),
+                         str(mask & 0xff)])
+
+    def ifconfig(self):
+        nifs = self.qga.network_get_interfaces()
+
+        msgs = []
+        for nif in nifs:
+            msgs.append(nif['name'] + ':')
+            if 'ip-addresses' in nif:
+                for ipaddr in nif['ip-addresses']:
+                    if ipaddr['ip-address-type'] == 'ipv4':
+                        addr = ipaddr['ip-address']
+                        mask = self.__gen_ipv4_netmask(int(ipaddr['prefix']))
+                        msgs.append("\tinet %s  netmask %s" % (addr, mask))
+                    elif ipaddr['ip-address-type'] == 'ipv6':
+                        addr = ipaddr['ip-address']
+                        prefix = ipaddr['prefix']
+                        msgs.append("\tinet6 %s  prefixlen %s" % (addr, prefix))
+            if nif['hardware-address'] != '00:00:00:00:00:00':
+                msgs.append("\tether " + nif['hardware-address'])
+
+        return '\n'.join(msgs)
+
+    def ping(self, timeout):
+        self.qga.settimeout(timeout)
+        try:
+            self.qga.ping()
+        except self.qga.timeout:
+            return False
+        return True
+
+    def fsfreeze(self, cmd):
+        if cmd not in ['status', 'freeze', 'thaw']:
+            raise StandardError('Invalid command: ' + cmd)
+
+        return getattr(self.qga, 'fsfreeze' + '_' + cmd)()
+
+    def fstrim(self, minimum=0):
+        return getattr(self.qga, 'fstrim')(minimum=minimum)
+
+    def suspend(self, mode):
+        if mode not in ['disk', 'ram', 'hybrid']:
+            raise StandardError('Invalid mode: ' + mode)
+
+        try:
+            getattr(self.qga, 'suspend' + '_' + mode)()
+            # On error exception will raise
+        except self.qga.timeout:
+            # On success command will timed out
+            return
+
+    def shutdown(self, mode='powerdown'):
+        if mode not in ['powerdown', 'halt', 'reboot']:
+            raise StandardError('Invalid mode: ' + mode)
+
+        try:
+            self.qga.shutdown(mode=mode)
+        except self.qga.timeout:
+            return
+
+
+def _cmd_cat(client, args):
+    if len(args) != 1:
+        print('Invalid argument')
+        print('Usage: cat <file>')
+        sys.exit(1)
+    print(client.read(args[0]))
+
+
+def _cmd_fsfreeze(client, args):
+    usage = 'Usage: fsfreeze status|freeze|thaw'
+    if len(args) != 1:
+        print('Invalid argument')
+        print(usage)
+        sys.exit(1)
+    if args[0] not in ['status', 'freeze', 'thaw']:
+        print('Invalid command: ' + args[0])
+        print(usage)
+        sys.exit(1)
+    cmd = args[0]
+    ret = client.fsfreeze(cmd)
+    if cmd == 'status':
+        print(ret)
+    elif cmd == 'freeze':
+        print("%d filesystems frozen" % ret)
+    else:
+        print("%d filesystems thawed" % ret)
+
+
+def _cmd_fstrim(client, args):
+    if len(args) == 0:
+        minimum = 0
+    else:
+        minimum = int(args[0])
+    print(client.fstrim(minimum))
+
+
+def _cmd_ifconfig(client, args):
+    print(client.ifconfig())
+
+
+def _cmd_info(client, args):
+    print(client.info())
+
+
+def _cmd_ping(client, args):
+    if len(args) == 0:
+        timeout = 3
+    else:
+        timeout = float(args[0])
+    alive = client.ping(timeout)
+    if not alive:
+        print("Not responded in %s sec" % args[0])
+        sys.exit(1)
+
+
+def _cmd_suspend(client, args):
+    usage = 'Usage: suspend disk|ram|hybrid'
+    if len(args) != 1:
+        print('Less argument')
+        print(usage)
+        sys.exit(1)
+    if args[0] not in ['disk', 'ram', 'hybrid']:
+        print('Invalid command: ' + args[0])
+        print(usage)
+        sys.exit(1)
+    client.suspend(args[0])
+
+
+def _cmd_shutdown(client, args):
+    client.shutdown()
+_cmd_powerdown = _cmd_shutdown
+
+
+def _cmd_halt(client, args):
+    client.shutdown('halt')
+
+
+def _cmd_reboot(client, args):
+    client.shutdown('reboot')
+
+
+commands = [m.replace('_cmd_', '') for m in dir() if '_cmd_' in m]
+
+
+def main(address, cmd, args):
+    if not os.path.exists(address):
+        print('%s not found' % address)
+        sys.exit(1)
+
+    if cmd not in commands:
+        print('Invalid command: ' + cmd)
+        print('Available commands: ' + ', '.join(commands))
+        sys.exit(1)
+
+    try:
+        client = QemuGuestAgentClient(address)
+    except QemuGuestAgent.error, e:
+        import errno
+
+        print(e)
+        if e.errno == errno.ECONNREFUSED:
+            print('Hint: qemu is not running?')
+        sys.exit(1)
+
+    if cmd != 'ping':
+        client.sync()
+
+    globals()['_cmd_' + cmd](client, args)
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    import sys
+    import os
+    import optparse
+
+    address = os.environ['QGA_CLIENT_ADDRESS'] if 'QGA_CLIENT_ADDRESS' in os.environ else None
+
+    usage = "%prog [--address=<unix_path>|<ipv4_address>] <command> [args...]\n"
+    usage += '<command>: ' + ', '.join(commands)
+    parser = optparse.OptionParser(usage=usage)
+    parser.add_option('--address', action='store', type='string',
+                      default=address, help='Specify a ip:port pair or a unix socket path')
+    options, args = parser.parse_args()
+
+    address = options.address
+    if address is None:
+        parser.error('address is not specified')
+        sys.exit(1)
+
+    if len(args) == 0:
+        parser.error('Less argument')
+        sys.exit(1)
+
+    main(address, args[0], args[1:])
diff --git a/QMP/qmp.py b/QMP/qmp.py
index 36ecc1dfae..33c7d36d9b 100644
--- a/QMP/qmp.py
+++ b/QMP/qmp.py
@@ -49,7 +49,6 @@ class QEMUMonitorProtocol:
         return socket.socket(family, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
 
     def __negotiate_capabilities(self):
-        self.__sockfile = self.__sock.makefile()
         greeting = self.__json_read()
         if greeting is None or not greeting.has_key('QMP'):
             raise QMPConnectError
@@ -73,7 +72,7 @@ class QEMUMonitorProtocol:
 
     error = socket.error
 
-    def connect(self):
+    def connect(self, negotiate=True):
         """
         Connect to the QMP Monitor and perform capabilities negotiation.
 
@@ -83,7 +82,9 @@ class QEMUMonitorProtocol:
         @raise QMPCapabilitiesError if fails to negotiate capabilities
         """
         self.__sock.connect(self.__address)
-        return self.__negotiate_capabilities()
+        self.__sockfile = self.__sock.makefile()
+        if negotiate:
+            return self.__negotiate_capabilities()
 
     def accept(self):
         """
@@ -161,3 +162,8 @@ class QEMUMonitorProtocol:
     def close(self):
         self.__sock.close()
         self.__sockfile.close()
+
+    timeout = socket.timeout
+
+    def settimeout(self, timeout):
+        self.__sock.settimeout(timeout)
diff --git a/dump.c b/dump.c
index 2bf8d8d994..6b7c127906 100644
--- a/dump.c
+++ b/dump.c
@@ -100,18 +100,11 @@ static void dump_error(DumpState *s, const char *reason)
 static int fd_write_vmcore(void *buf, size_t size, void *opaque)
 {
     DumpState *s = opaque;
-    int fd = s->fd;
-    size_t writen_size;
+    size_t written_size;
 
-    /* The fd may be passed from user, and it can be non-blocked */
-    while (size) {
-        writen_size = qemu_write_full(fd, buf, size);
-        if (writen_size != size && errno != EAGAIN) {
-            return -1;
-        }
-
-        buf += writen_size;
-        size -= writen_size;
+    written_size = qemu_write_full(s->fd, buf, size);
+    if (written_size != size) {
+        return -1;
     }
 
     return 0;
@@ -836,9 +829,8 @@ void qmp_dump_guest_memory(bool paging, const char *file, bool has_begin,
 
 #if !defined(WIN32)
     if (strstart(file, "fd:", &p)) {
-        fd = monitor_get_fd(cur_mon, p);
+        fd = monitor_get_fd(cur_mon, p, errp);
         if (fd == -1) {
-            error_set(errp, QERR_FD_NOT_FOUND, p);
             return;
         }
     }
diff --git a/hmp-commands.hx b/hmp-commands.hx
index ed67e997fd..0302458df2 100644
--- a/hmp-commands.hx
+++ b/hmp-commands.hx
@@ -914,12 +914,11 @@ ETEXI
 #if defined(CONFIG_HAVE_CORE_DUMP)
     {
         .name       = "dump-guest-memory",
-        .args_type  = "paging:-p,protocol:s,begin:i?,length:i?",
-        .params     = "[-p] protocol [begin] [length]",
+        .args_type  = "paging:-p,filename:F,begin:i?,length:i?",
+        .params     = "[-p] filename [begin] [length]",
         .help       = "dump guest memory to file"
                       "\n\t\t\t begin(optional): the starting physical address"
                       "\n\t\t\t length(optional): the memory size, in bytes",
-        .user_print = monitor_user_noop,
         .mhandler.cmd = hmp_dump_guest_memory,
     },
 
@@ -929,8 +928,7 @@ STEXI
 @findex dump-guest-memory
 Dump guest memory to @var{protocol}. The file can be processed with crash or
 gdb.
-  protocol: destination file(started with "file:") or destination file
-            descriptor (started with "fd:")
+  filename: dump file name
     paging: do paging to get guest's memory mapping
      begin: the starting physical address. It's optional, and should be
             specified with length together.
diff --git a/hmp.c b/hmp.c
index ba6fbd3dcf..3306bcdbb4 100644
--- a/hmp.c
+++ b/hmp.c
@@ -1042,11 +1042,12 @@ void hmp_dump_guest_memory(Monitor *mon, const QDict *qdict)
 {
     Error *errp = NULL;
     int paging = qdict_get_try_bool(qdict, "paging", 0);
-    const char *file = qdict_get_str(qdict, "protocol");
+    const char *file = qdict_get_str(qdict, "filename");
     bool has_begin = qdict_haskey(qdict, "begin");
     bool has_length = qdict_haskey(qdict, "length");
     int64_t begin = 0;
     int64_t length = 0;
+    char *prot;
 
     if (has_begin) {
         begin = qdict_get_int(qdict, "begin");
@@ -1055,9 +1056,12 @@ void hmp_dump_guest_memory(Monitor *mon, const QDict *qdict)
         length = qdict_get_int(qdict, "length");
     }
 
-    qmp_dump_guest_memory(paging, file, has_begin, begin, has_length, length,
+    prot = g_strconcat("file:", file, NULL);
+
+    qmp_dump_guest_memory(paging, prot, has_begin, begin, has_length, length,
                           &errp);
     hmp_handle_error(mon, &errp);
+    g_free(prot);
 }
 
 void hmp_netdev_add(Monitor *mon, const QDict *qdict)
@@ -1109,13 +1113,13 @@ void hmp_closefd(Monitor *mon, const QDict *qdict)
 void hmp_send_key(Monitor *mon, const QDict *qdict)
 {
     const char *keys = qdict_get_str(qdict, "keys");
-    QKeyCodeList *keylist, *head = NULL, *tmp = NULL;
+    KeyValueList *keylist, *head = NULL, *tmp = NULL;
     int has_hold_time = qdict_haskey(qdict, "hold-time");
     int hold_time = qdict_get_try_int(qdict, "hold-time", -1);
     Error *err = NULL;
     char keyname_buf[16];
     char *separator;
-    int keyname_len, idx;
+    int keyname_len;
 
     while (1) {
         separator = strchr(keys, '-');
@@ -1129,15 +1133,8 @@ void hmp_send_key(Monitor *mon, const QDict *qdict)
         }
         keyname_buf[keyname_len] = 0;
 
-        idx = index_from_key(keyname_buf);
-        if (idx == Q_KEY_CODE_MAX) {
-            monitor_printf(mon, "invalid parameter: %s\n", keyname_buf);
-            break;
-        }
-
         keylist = g_malloc0(sizeof(*keylist));
-        keylist->value = idx;
-        keylist->next = NULL;
+        keylist->value = g_malloc0(sizeof(*keylist->value));
 
         if (!head) {
             head = keylist;
@@ -1147,17 +1144,39 @@ void hmp_send_key(Monitor *mon, const QDict *qdict)
         }
         tmp = keylist;
 
+        if (strstart(keyname_buf, "0x", NULL)) {
+            char *endp;
+            int value = strtoul(keyname_buf, &endp, 0);
+            if (*endp != '\0') {
+                goto err_out;
+            }
+            keylist->value->kind = KEY_VALUE_KIND_NUMBER;
+            keylist->value->number = value;
+        } else {
+            int idx = index_from_key(keyname_buf);
+            if (idx == Q_KEY_CODE_MAX) {
+                goto err_out;
+            }
+            keylist->value->kind = KEY_VALUE_KIND_QCODE;
+            keylist->value->qcode = idx;
+        }
+
         if (!separator) {
             break;
         }
         keys = separator + 1;
     }
 
-    if (idx != Q_KEY_CODE_MAX) {
-        qmp_send_key(head, has_hold_time, hold_time, &err);
-    }
+    qmp_send_key(head, has_hold_time, hold_time, &err);
     hmp_handle_error(mon, &err);
-    qapi_free_QKeyCodeList(head);
+
+out:
+    qapi_free_KeyValueList(head);
+    return;
+
+err_out:
+    monitor_printf(mon, "invalid parameter: %s\n", keyname_buf);
+    goto out;
 }
 
 void hmp_screen_dump(Monitor *mon, const QDict *qdict)
diff --git a/hw/kvm/pci-assign.c b/hw/kvm/pci-assign.c
index 05b93d9a51..7a0998c518 100644
--- a/hw/kvm/pci-assign.c
+++ b/hw/kvm/pci-assign.c
@@ -579,15 +579,9 @@ static int get_real_device(AssignedDevice *pci_dev, uint16_t r_seg,
     snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%sconfig", dir);
 
     if (pci_dev->configfd_name && *pci_dev->configfd_name) {
-        if (qemu_isdigit(pci_dev->configfd_name[0])) {
-            dev->config_fd = strtol(pci_dev->configfd_name, NULL, 0);
-        } else {
-            dev->config_fd = monitor_get_fd(cur_mon, pci_dev->configfd_name);
-            if (dev->config_fd < 0) {
-                error_report("%s: (%s) unkown", __func__,
-                             pci_dev->configfd_name);
-                return 1;
-            }
+        dev->config_fd = monitor_handle_fd_param(cur_mon, pci_dev->configfd_name);
+        if (dev->config_fd < 0) {
+            return 1;
         }
     } else {
         dev->config_fd = open(name, O_RDWR);
diff --git a/input.c b/input.c
index c4b0619a74..25d3973e21 100644
--- a/input.c
+++ b/input.c
@@ -186,8 +186,7 @@ static const int key_defs[] = {
 
 int index_from_key(const char *key)
 {
-    int i, keycode;
-    char *endp;
+    int i;
 
     for (i = 0; QKeyCode_lookup[i] != NULL; i++) {
         if (!strcmp(key, QKeyCode_lookup[i])) {
@@ -195,17 +194,6 @@ int index_from_key(const char *key)
         }
     }
 
-    if (strstart(key, "0x", NULL)) {
-        keycode = strtoul(key, &endp, 0);
-        if (*endp == '\0' && keycode >= 0x01 && keycode <= 0xff) {
-            for (i = 0; i < Q_KEY_CODE_MAX; i++) {
-                if (keycode == key_defs[i]) {
-                    break;
-                }
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
     /* Return Q_KEY_CODE_MAX if the key is invalid */
     return i;
 }
@@ -224,30 +212,46 @@ int index_from_keycode(int code)
     return i;
 }
 
-static QKeyCodeList *keycodes;
+static int *keycodes;
+static int keycodes_size;
 static QEMUTimer *key_timer;
 
+static int keycode_from_keyvalue(const KeyValue *value)
+{
+    if (value->kind == KEY_VALUE_KIND_QCODE) {
+        return key_defs[value->qcode];
+    } else {
+        assert(value->kind == KEY_VALUE_KIND_NUMBER);
+        return value->number;
+    }
+}
+
+static void free_keycodes(void)
+{
+    g_free(keycodes);
+    keycodes = NULL;
+    keycodes_size = 0;
+}
+
 static void release_keys(void *opaque)
 {
-    int keycode;
-    QKeyCodeList *p;
+    int i;
 
-    for (p = keycodes; p != NULL; p = p->next) {
-        keycode = key_defs[p->value];
-        if (keycode & 0x80) {
+    for (i = 0; i < keycodes_size; i++) {
+        if (keycodes[i] & 0x80) {
             kbd_put_keycode(0xe0);
         }
-        kbd_put_keycode(keycode | 0x80);
+        kbd_put_keycode(keycodes[i]| 0x80);
     }
-    qapi_free_QKeyCodeList(keycodes);
-    keycodes = NULL;
+
+    free_keycodes();
 }
 
-void qmp_send_key(QKeyCodeList *keys, bool has_hold_time, int64_t hold_time,
+void qmp_send_key(KeyValueList *keys, bool has_hold_time, int64_t hold_time,
                   Error **errp)
 {
     int keycode;
-    QKeyCodeList *p, *keylist, *head = NULL, *tmp = NULL;
+    KeyValueList *p;
 
     if (!key_timer) {
         key_timer = qemu_new_timer_ns(vm_clock, release_keys, NULL);
@@ -257,31 +261,28 @@ void qmp_send_key(QKeyCodeList *keys, bool has_hold_time, int64_t hold_time,
         qemu_del_timer(key_timer);
         release_keys(NULL);
     }
+
     if (!has_hold_time) {
         hold_time = 100;
     }
 
     for (p = keys; p != NULL; p = p->next) {
-        keylist = g_malloc0(sizeof(*keylist));
-        keylist->value = p->value;
-        keylist->next = NULL;
-
-        if (!head) {
-            head = keylist;
-        }
-        if (tmp) {
-            tmp->next = keylist;
+        /* key down events */
+        keycode = keycode_from_keyvalue(p->value);
+        if (keycode < 0x01 || keycode > 0xff) {
+            error_setg(errp, "invalid hex keycode 0x%x\n", keycode);
+            free_keycodes();
+            return;
         }
-        tmp = keylist;
 
-        /* key down events */
-        keycode = key_defs[p->value];
         if (keycode & 0x80) {
             kbd_put_keycode(0xe0);
         }
         kbd_put_keycode(keycode & 0x7f);
+
+        keycodes = g_realloc(keycodes, sizeof(int) * (keycodes_size + 1));
+        keycodes[keycodes_size++] = keycode;
     }
-    keycodes = head;
 
     /* delayed key up events */
     qemu_mod_timer(key_timer, qemu_get_clock_ns(vm_clock) +
diff --git a/migration-fd.c b/migration-fd.c
index 50138edb34..73351678e0 100644
--- a/migration-fd.c
+++ b/migration-fd.c
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ static int fd_close(MigrationState *s)
 
 int fd_start_outgoing_migration(MigrationState *s, const char *fdname)
 {
-    s->fd = monitor_get_fd(cur_mon, fdname);
+    s->fd = monitor_get_fd(cur_mon, fdname, NULL);
     if (s->fd == -1) {
         DPRINTF("fd_migration: invalid file descriptor identifier\n");
         goto err_after_get_fd;
diff --git a/monitor.c b/monitor.c
index 7beac9a806..cd735bbbeb 100644
--- a/monitor.c
+++ b/monitor.c
@@ -944,45 +944,6 @@ static void do_trace_print_events(Monitor *mon)
     trace_print_events((FILE *)mon, &monitor_fprintf);
 }
 
-static int add_graphics_client(Monitor *mon, const QDict *qdict, QObject **ret_data)
-{
-    const char *protocol  = qdict_get_str(qdict, "protocol");
-    const char *fdname = qdict_get_str(qdict, "fdname");
-    CharDriverState *s;
-
-    if (strcmp(protocol, "spice") == 0) {
-        int fd = monitor_get_fd(mon, fdname);
-        int skipauth = qdict_get_try_bool(qdict, "skipauth", 0);
-        int tls = qdict_get_try_bool(qdict, "tls", 0);
-        if (!using_spice) {
-            /* correct one? spice isn't a device ,,, */
-            qerror_report(QERR_DEVICE_NOT_ACTIVE, "spice");
-            return -1;
-        }
-        if (qemu_spice_display_add_client(fd, skipauth, tls) < 0) {
-            close(fd);
-        }
-        return 0;
-#ifdef CONFIG_VNC
-    } else if (strcmp(protocol, "vnc") == 0) {
-	int fd = monitor_get_fd(mon, fdname);
-        int skipauth = qdict_get_try_bool(qdict, "skipauth", 0);
-	vnc_display_add_client(NULL, fd, skipauth);
-	return 0;
-#endif
-    } else if ((s = qemu_chr_find(protocol)) != NULL) {
-	int fd = monitor_get_fd(mon, fdname);
-	if (qemu_chr_add_client(s, fd) < 0) {
-	    qerror_report(QERR_ADD_CLIENT_FAILED);
-	    return -1;
-	}
-	return 0;
-    }
-
-    qerror_report(QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER, "protocol");
-    return -1;
-}
-
 static int client_migrate_info(Monitor *mon, const QDict *qdict,
                                MonitorCompletion cb, void *opaque)
 {
@@ -2118,7 +2079,7 @@ static void do_loadvm(Monitor *mon, const QDict *qdict)
     }
 }
 
-int monitor_get_fd(Monitor *mon, const char *fdname)
+int monitor_get_fd(Monitor *mon, const char *fdname, Error **errp)
 {
     mon_fd_t *monfd;
 
@@ -2139,6 +2100,7 @@ int monitor_get_fd(Monitor *mon, const char *fdname)
         return fd;
     }
 
+    error_setg(errp, "File descriptor named '%s' has not been found", fdname);
     return -1;
 }
 
@@ -2410,12 +2372,14 @@ int monitor_fdset_dup_fd_remove(int dup_fd)
 int monitor_handle_fd_param(Monitor *mon, const char *fdname)
 {
     int fd;
+    Error *local_err = NULL;
 
     if (!qemu_isdigit(fdname[0]) && mon) {
 
-        fd = monitor_get_fd(mon, fdname);
+        fd = monitor_get_fd(mon, fdname, &local_err);
         if (fd == -1) {
-            error_report("No file descriptor named %s found", fdname);
+            qerror_report_err(local_err);
+            error_free(local_err);
             return -1;
         }
     } else {
diff --git a/monitor.h b/monitor.h
index 64c1561844..e240c3f42d 100644
--- a/monitor.h
+++ b/monitor.h
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ int monitor_read_block_device_key(Monitor *mon, const char *device,
                                   BlockDriverCompletionFunc *completion_cb,
                                   void *opaque);
 
-int monitor_get_fd(Monitor *mon, const char *fdname);
+int monitor_get_fd(Monitor *mon, const char *fdname, Error **errp);
 int monitor_handle_fd_param(Monitor *mon, const char *fdname);
 
 void monitor_vprintf(Monitor *mon, const char *fmt, va_list ap)
diff --git a/qapi-schema.json b/qapi-schema.json
index 14e44199b7..f4c21855cf 100644
--- a/qapi-schema.json
+++ b/qapi-schema.json
@@ -33,6 +33,31 @@
             'MigrationExpected' ] }
 
 ##
+# @add_client
+#
+# Allow client connections for VNC, Spice and socket based
+# character devices to be passed in to QEMU via SCM_RIGHTS.
+#
+# @protocol: protocol name. Valid names are "vnc", "spice" or the
+#            name of a character device (eg. from -chardev id=XXXX)
+#
+# @fdname: file descriptor name previously passed via 'getfd' command
+#
+# @skipauth: #optional whether to skip authentication. Only applies
+#            to "vnc" and "spice" protocols
+#
+# @tls: #optional whether to perform TLS. Only applies to the "spice"
+#       protocol
+#
+# Returns: nothing on success.
+#
+# Since: 0.14.0
+##
+{ 'command': 'add_client',
+  'data': { 'protocol': 'str', 'fdname': 'str', '*skipauth': 'bool',
+            '*tls': 'bool' } }
+
+##
 # @NameInfo:
 #
 # Guest name information.
@@ -1374,7 +1399,7 @@
 # @format: #optional the format of the snapshot image, default is 'qcow2'.
 #
 # @mode: #optional whether and how QEMU should create a new image, default is
-# 'absolute-paths'.
+#        'absolute-paths'.
 ##
 { 'type': 'BlockdevSnapshot',
   'data': { 'device': 'str', 'snapshot-file': 'str', '*format': 'str',
@@ -1428,7 +1453,7 @@
 # @format: #optional the format of the snapshot image, default is 'qcow2'.
 #
 # @mode: #optional whether and how QEMU should create a new image, default is
-# 'absolute-paths'.
+#        'absolute-paths'.
 #
 # Returns: nothing on success
 #          If @device is not a valid block device, DeviceNotFound
@@ -1982,26 +2007,33 @@
 # supported on i386 and x86_64.
 #
 # @paging: if true, do paging to get guest's memory mapping. This allows
-# using gdb to process the core file. However, setting @paging to false
-# may be desirable because of two reasons:
+#          using gdb to process the core file.
 #
-#   1. The guest may be in a catastrophic state or can have corrupted
-#      memory, which cannot be trusted
-#   2. The guest can be in real-mode even if paging is enabled. For example,
-#      the guest uses ACPI to sleep, and ACPI sleep state goes in real-mode
+#          IMPORTANT: this option can make QEMU allocate several gigabytes
+#                     of RAM. This can happen for a large guest, or a
+#                     malicious guest pretending to be large.
+#
+#          Also, paging=true has the following limitations:
+#
+#             1. The guest may be in a catastrophic state or can have corrupted
+#                memory, which cannot be trusted
+#             2. The guest can be in real-mode even if paging is enabled. For
+#                example, the guest uses ACPI to sleep, and ACPI sleep state
+#                goes in real-mode
 #
 # @protocol: the filename or file descriptor of the vmcore. The supported
-# protocols are:
+#            protocols are:
 #
-#   1. file: the protocol starts with "file:", and the following string is
-#      the file's path.
-#   2. fd: the protocol starts with "fd:", and the following string is the
-#      fd's name.
+#            1. file: the protocol starts with "file:", and the following
+#               string is the file's path.
+#            2. fd: the protocol starts with "fd:", and the following string
+#               is the fd's name.
 #
 # @begin: #optional if specified, the starting physical address.
 #
 # @length: #optional if specified, the memory size, in bytes. If you don't
-# want to dump all guest's memory, please specify the start @begin and @length
+#          want to dump all guest's memory, please specify the start @begin
+#          and @length
 #
 # Returns: nothing on success
 #
@@ -2010,6 +2042,7 @@
 { 'command': 'dump-guest-memory',
   'data': { 'paging': 'bool', 'protocol': 'str', '*begin': 'int',
             '*length': 'int' } }
+
 ##
 # @netdev_add:
 #
@@ -2588,12 +2621,26 @@
              'lf', 'help', 'meta_l', 'meta_r', 'compose' ] }
 
 ##
+# @KeyValue
+#
+# Represents a keyboard key.
+#
+# Since: 1.3.0
+##
+{ 'union': 'KeyValue',
+  'data': {
+    'number': 'int',
+    'qcode': 'QKeyCode' } }
+
+##
 # @send-key:
 #
 # Send keys to guest.
 #
-# @keys: key sequence. 'keys' is the name of the key. Use a JSON array to
-#        press several keys simultaneously.
+# @keys: An array of @KeyValue elements. All @KeyValues in this array are
+#        simultaneously sent to the guest. A @KeyValue.number value is sent
+#        directly to the guest, while @KeyValue.qcode must be a valid
+#        @QKeyCode value
 #
 # @hold-time: #optional time to delay key up events, milliseconds. Defaults
 #             to 100
@@ -2605,7 +2652,7 @@
 #
 ##
 { 'command': 'send-key',
-  'data': { 'keys': ['QKeyCode'], '*hold-time': 'int' } }
+  'data': { 'keys': ['KeyValue'], '*hold-time': 'int' } }
 
 ##
 # @screendump:
diff --git a/qmp-commands.hx b/qmp-commands.hx
index 6e21ddba61..36e08d9ffc 100644
--- a/qmp-commands.hx
+++ b/qmp-commands.hx
@@ -1231,10 +1231,7 @@ EQMP
     {
         .name       = "add_client",
         .args_type  = "protocol:s,fdname:s,skipauth:b?,tls:b?",
-        .params     = "protocol fdname skipauth tls",
-        .help       = "add a graphics client",
-        .user_print = monitor_user_noop,
-        .mhandler.cmd_new = add_graphics_client,
+        .mhandler.cmd_new = qmp_marshal_input_add_client,
     },
 
 SQMP
diff --git a/qmp.c b/qmp.c
index 84639220d0..36c54c57cf 100644
--- a/qmp.c
+++ b/qmp.c
@@ -479,3 +479,46 @@ CpuDefinitionInfoList *qmp_query_cpu_definitions(Error **errp)
     return arch_query_cpu_definitions(errp);
 }
 
+void qmp_add_client(const char *protocol, const char *fdname,
+                    bool has_skipauth, bool skipauth, bool has_tls, bool tls,
+                    Error **errp)
+{
+    CharDriverState *s;
+    int fd;
+
+    fd = monitor_get_fd(cur_mon, fdname, errp);
+    if (fd < 0) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    if (strcmp(protocol, "spice") == 0) {
+        if (!using_spice) {
+            error_set(errp, QERR_DEVICE_NOT_ACTIVE, "spice");
+            close(fd);
+            return;
+        }
+        skipauth = has_skipauth ? skipauth : false;
+        tls = has_tls ? tls : false;
+        if (qemu_spice_display_add_client(fd, skipauth, tls) < 0) {
+            error_setg(errp, "spice failed to add client");
+            close(fd);
+        }
+        return;
+#ifdef CONFIG_VNC
+    } else if (strcmp(protocol, "vnc") == 0) {
+        skipauth = has_skipauth ? skipauth : false;
+        vnc_display_add_client(NULL, fd, skipauth);
+        return;
+#endif
+    } else if ((s = qemu_chr_find(protocol)) != NULL) {
+        if (qemu_chr_add_client(s, fd) < 0) {
+            error_setg(errp, "failed to add client");
+            close(fd);
+            return;
+        }
+        return;
+    }
+
+    error_setg(errp, "protocol '%s' is invalid", protocol);
+    close(fd);
+}
diff --git a/scripts/qapi-types.py b/scripts/qapi-types.py
index 49ef569a2f..1b84834959 100644
--- a/scripts/qapi-types.py
+++ b/scripts/qapi-types.py
@@ -91,9 +91,9 @@ const char *%(name)s_lookup[] = {
 
 def generate_enum_name(name):
     if name.isupper():
-        return c_fun(name)
+        return c_fun(name, False)
     new_name = ''
-    for c in c_fun(name):
+    for c in c_fun(name, False):
         if c.isupper():
             new_name += '_'
         new_name += c
diff --git a/scripts/qapi-visit.py b/scripts/qapi-visit.py
index e2093e8947..a360de719f 100644
--- a/scripts/qapi-visit.py
+++ b/scripts/qapi-visit.py
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ void visit_type_%(name)s(Visitor *m, %(name)s ** obj, const char *name, Error **
                 break;
 ''',
                 abbrev = de_camel_case(name).upper(),
-                enum = c_fun(de_camel_case(key)).upper(),
+                enum = c_fun(de_camel_case(key),False).upper(),
                 c_type=members[key],
                 c_name=c_fun(key))
 
diff --git a/scripts/qapi.py b/scripts/qapi.py
index 122b4cb6d1..afc5f32aeb 100644
--- a/scripts/qapi.py
+++ b/scripts/qapi.py
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ def camel_case(name):
             new_name += ch.lower()
     return new_name
 
-def c_var(name):
+def c_var(name, protect=True):
     # ANSI X3J11/88-090, 3.1.1
     c89_words = set(['auto', 'break', 'case', 'char', 'const', 'continue',
                      'default', 'do', 'double', 'else', 'enum', 'extern', 'float',
@@ -156,12 +156,14 @@ def c_var(name):
     # GCC http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc-4.7.1/gcc/C-Extensions.html
     # excluding _.*
     gcc_words = set(['asm', 'typeof'])
-    if name in c89_words | c99_words | c11_words | gcc_words:
+    # namespace pollution:
+    polluted_words = set(['unix'])
+    if protect and (name in c89_words | c99_words | c11_words | gcc_words | polluted_words):
         return "q_" + name
     return name.replace('-', '_').lstrip("*")
 
-def c_fun(name):
-    return c_var(name).replace('.', '_')
+def c_fun(name, protect=True):
+    return c_var(name, protect).replace('.', '_')
 
 def c_list_type(name):
     return '%sList' % name