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EFI System Partition (Wikipedia)
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When a computer is booted, UEFI Firmware loads files stored on the ESP to start installed operating systems and various utilities.
ESP contains: boot loaders or kernel images, device driver files, system utility programs that are intended to be run before an operating system is booted, and data files such as error logs.
The globally unique identifier (GUID) for the EFI system partition in the GUID Partition Table (GPT) scheme is C12A7328-F81F-11D2-BA4B-00A0C93EC93B, while its ID in the master boot record (MBR) partition-table scheme is 0xEF. Both GPT- and MBR-partitioned disks can contain an EFI system partition, as UEFI firmware is required to support both partitioning schemes.
UEFI firmware does not execute the code in the MBR, except when booting in legacy BIOS mode through the Compatibility Support Module (CSM)
a boot loader needs to be stored according to the standard ESP file hierarchy
The EFI system partition is formatted with a file system whose specification is based on the FAT file system and maintained as part of the UEFI specification; therefore, the file system specification is independent from the original FAT specification.
LINUX
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The mount point for the EFI system partition is usually /boot/efi, where its content is accessible after Linux is booted
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