/*
* Copyright (C) 2007 Mathieu Desnoyers
*
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
* Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
*/
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/mutex.h>
#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/jhash.h>
#include <linux/list.h>
#include <linux/rcupdate.h>
#include <linux/marker.h>
#include <linux/err.h>
extern struct marker __start___markers[];
extern struct marker __stop___markers[];
/* Set to 1 to enable marker debug output */
const int marker_debug;
/*
* markers_mutex nests inside module_mutex. Markers mutex protects the builtin
* and module markers and the hash table.
*/
static DEFINE_MUTEX(markers_mutex);
/*
* Marker hash table, containing the active markers.
* Protected by module_mutex.
*/
#define MARKER_HASH_BITS 6
#define MARKER_TABLE_SIZE (1 << MARKER_HASH_BITS)
/*
* Note about RCU :
* It is used to make sure every handler has finished using its private data
* between two consecutive operation (add or remove) on a given marker. It is
* also used to delay the free of multiple probes array until a quiescent state
* is reached.
* marker entries modifications are protected by the markers_mutex.
*/
struct marker_entry {
struct hlist_node hlist;
char *format;
void (*call)(const struct marker *mdata, /* Probe wrapper */
void *call_private, const char *fmt, ...);
struct marker_probe_closure single;
struct marker_probe_closure *multi;
int refcount; /* Number of times armed. 0 if disarmed. */
struct rcu_head rcu;
void *oldptr;
unsigned char rcu_pending:1;
unsigned char ptype:1;
char name[0]; /* Contains name'\0'format'\0' */
};
static struct hlist_head marker_table[MARKER_TABLE_SIZE];
/**
* __mark_empty_function - Empty probe callback
* @probe_private: probe private data
* @call_private: call site private data
* @fmt: format string
* @...: variable argument list
*
* Empty callback provided as a probe to the markers. By providing this to a
* disabled marker, we make sure the execution flow is always valid even
* though the function pointer change and the marker enabling are two distinct
* operations that modifies the execution flow of preemptible code.
*/
void __mark_empty_function(void *probe_private, void *call_private,
const char *fmt, va_list *args)
{
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__mark_empty_function);
/*
* marker_probe_cb Callback that prepares the variable argument list for probes.
* @mdata: pointer of type struct marker
* @call_private: caller site private data
* @fmt: format string
* @...: Variable argument list.
*
* Since we do not use "typical" pointer based RCU in the 1 argument case, we
* need to put a full smp_rmb() in this branch. This is why we do not use
* rcu_dereference() for the pointer read.
*/
void marker_probe_cb(const struct marker *mdata, void *call_private,
const char *fmt, ...)
{
va_list args;
char ptype;
/*
* disabling preemption to make sure the teardown of the callbacks can
* be done correctly when they are in modules and they insure RCU read
* coherency.
*/
preempt_disable();
ptype = ACCESS_ONCE(mdata->ptype);
if (likely(!ptype)) {
marker_probe_func *func;
/* Must read the ptype before ptr. They are not data dependant,
* so we put an explicit smp_rmb() here. */
smp_rmb();
func = ACCESS_ONCE(mdata->single.func);
/* Must read the ptr before private data. They are not data
* dependant, so we put an explicit smp_rmb() here. */
smp_rmb();
va_start(args, fmt);
func(mdata->single.probe_private, call_private, fmt, &args);
va_end(args);
} else {
struct marker_probe_closure *multi;
int i;
/*
* multi points to an array, therefore accessing the array
* depends on reading multi. However, even in this case,
* we must insure that the pointer is read _before_ the array
* data. Same as rcu_dereference, but we need a full smp_rmb()
* in the fast path, so put the explicit barrier here.
*/
smp_read_barrier_depends();
multi = ACCESS_ONCE(mdata->multi);
for (i = 0; multi[i].func; i++) {
va_start(args, fmt);
multi[i].func(multi[i].probe_private, call_private, fmt,
&args);
va_end(args);
}
}
preempt_enable();
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(marker_probe_cb);
/*
* marker_probe_cb Callback that does not prepare the variable argument list.
* @mdata: pointer of type struct marker
* @call_private: caller site private data
* @fmt: format string
* @...: Variable argument list.
*
* Should be connected to markers "MARK_NOARGS".
*/
void marker_probe_cb_noarg(const struct marker *mdata,
void *call_private, const char *fmt, ...)
{
va_list args; /* not initialized */
char ptype;
preempt_disable();
ptype = ACCESS_ONCE(mdata->ptype);
if (likely(!ptype)) {
marker_probe_func *func;
/* Must read the ptype before ptr. They are not data dependant,
* so we put an explicit smp_rmb() here. */
smp_rmb();
func = ACCESS_ONCE(mdata->single.func);
/* Must read the ptr before private data. They are not data
* dependant, so we put an explicit smp_rmb() here. */
smp_rmb();
func(mdata->single.probe_private, call_private, fmt, &args);
} else {
struct marker_probe_closure *multi;
int i;
/*
* multi points to an array, therefore accessing the array
* depends on reading multi. However, even in this case,
* we must insure that the pointer is read _before_ the array
* data. Same as rcu_dereference, but we need a full smp_rmb()
* in the fast path, so put the explicit barrier here.
*/
smp_read_barrier_depends();
multi = ACCESS_ONCE(mdata->multi);
for (i = 0; multi[i].func; i++)
multi[i].func(multi[i].probe_private, call_private, fmt,
&args);
}
preempt_enable();
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(marker_probe_cb_noarg);
static void free_old_closure(struct rcu_head *head)
{
struct marker_entry *entry = container_of(head,
struct marker_entry, rcu);
kfree(entry->oldptr);
/* Make sure we free the data before setting the pending flag to 0 */
smp_wmb();
entry->rcu_pending = 0;
}
static void debug_print_probes(struct marker_entry *entry)
{
int i;
if (!marker_debug)
return;
if (!entry->ptype) {
printk(KERN_DEBUG "Single probe : %p %p\n",
entry->single.func,
entry->single.probe_private);
} else {
for (i = 0; entry->multi[i].func; i++)
printk(KERN_DEBUG "Multi probe %d : %p %p\n", i,
entry->multi[i].func,
entry->multi[i].probe_private);
}
}
static struct marker_probe_closure *
marker_entry_add_probe(struct marker_entry *entry,
marker_probe_func *probe, void *probe_private)
{
int nr_probes = 0;
struct marker_probe_closure *old, *new;
WARN_ON(!probe);
debug_print_probes(entry);
old = entry->multi;
if (!entry->ptype) {
if (entry->single.func == probe &&
entry->single.probe_private == probe_private)
return ERR_PTR(-EBUSY);
if (entry->single.func == __mark_empty_function) {
/* 0 -> 1 probes */
entry->single.func = probe;
entry->single.probe_private = probe_private;
entry->refcount = 1;
entry->ptype = 0;
debug_print_probes(entry);
return NULL;
} else {
/* 1 -> 2 probes */
nr_probes = 1;
old = NULL;
}
} else {
/* (N -> N+1), (N != 0, 1) probes */
for (nr_probes = 0; old[nr_probes].func; nr_probes++)
if (old[nr_probes].func == probe
&& old[nr_probes].probe_private
== probe_private)
return ERR_PTR(-EBUSY);
}
/* + 2 : one for new probe, one for NULL func */
new = kzalloc((nr_probes + 2) * sizeof(struct marker_probe_closure),
GFP_KERNEL);
if (new == NULL)
return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
if (!old)
new[0] = entry->single;
else
memcpy(new, old,
nr_probes * sizeof(struct marker_probe_closure));
new[nr_probes].func = probe;
new[nr_probes].probe_private = probe_private;
entry->refcount = nr_probes + 1;
entry->multi = new;
entry->ptype = 1;
debug_print_probes(entry);
return old;
}
static struct marker_probe_closure *
marker_entry_remove_probe(struct marker_entry *entry,
marker_probe_func *probe, void *probe_private)
{
int nr_probes = 0, nr_del = 0, i;
struct marker_probe_closure *old, *new;
old = entry->multi;
debug_print_probes(entry);
if (!entry->ptype) {
/* 0 -> N is an error */
WARN_ON(entry->single.func == __mark_empty_function);
/* 1 -> 0 probes */
WARN_ON(probe && entry->single.func != probe);
WARN_ON(entry->single.probe_private != probe_private);
entry->single.func = __mark_empty_function;
entry->refcount = 0;
entry->ptype = 0;
debug_print_probes(entry);
return NULL;
} else {
/* (N -> M), (N > 1, M >= 0) probes */
for (nr_probes = 0; old[nr_probes].func; nr_probes++) {
if ((!probe || old[nr_probes].func == probe)
&& old[nr_probes].probe_private
== probe_private)
nr_del++;
}
}
if (nr_probes - nr_del == 0) {
/* N -> 0, (N > 1) */
entry->single.func = __mark_empty_function;
entry->refcount = 0;
entry->ptype = 0;
} else if (nr_probes - nr_del == 1) {
/* N -> 1, (N > 1) */
for (i = 0; old[i].func; i++)
if ((probe && old[i].func != probe) ||
old[i].probe_private != probe_private)
entry->single = old[i];
entry->refcount = 1;
entry->ptype = 0;
} else {
int j = 0;
/* N -> M, (N > 1, M > 1) */
/* + 1 for NULL */
new = kzalloc((nr_probes - nr_del + 1)
* sizeof(struct marker_probe_closure), GFP_KERNEL);
if (new == NULL)
return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
for (i = 0; old[i].func; i++)
if ((probe && old[i].func != probe) ||
old[i].probe_private != probe_private)
new[j++] = old[i];
entry->refcount = nr_probes - nr_del;
entry->ptype = 1;
entry->multi = new;
}
debug_print_probes(entry);
return old;
}
/*
* Get marker if the marker is present in the marker hash table.
* Must be called with markers_mutex held.
* Returns NULL if not present.
*/
static struct marker_entry *get_marker(const char *name)
{
struct hlist_head *head;
struct hlist_node *node;
struct marker_entry *e;
u32 hash = jhash(name, strlen(name), 0);
head = &marker_table[hash & ((1 << MARKER_HASH_BITS)-1)];
hlist_for_each_entry(e, node, head, hlist) {
if (!strcmp(name, e->name))
return e;
}
return NULL;
}
/*
* Add the marker to the marker hash table. Must be called with markers_mutex
* held.
*/
static struct marker_entry *add_marker(const char *name, const char *format)
{
struct hlist_head *head;
struct hlist_node *node;
struct marker_entry *e;
size_t name_len = strlen(name) + 1;
size_t format_len = 0;
u32 hash = jhash(name, name_len-1, 0);
if (format)
format_len = strlen(format) + 1;
head = &marker_table[hash & ((1 << MARKER_HASH_BITS)-1)];
hlist_for_each_entry(e, node, head, hlist) {
if (!strcmp(name, e->name)) {
printk(KERN_NOTICE
"Marker %s busy\n", name);
return ERR_PTR(-EBUSY); /* Already there */
}
}
/*
* Using kmalloc here to allocate a variable length element. Could
* cause some memory fragmentation if overused.
*/
e = kmalloc(sizeof(struct marker_entry) + name_len + format_len,
GFP_KERNEL);
if (!e)
return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
memcpy(&e->name[0], name, name_len);
if (format) {
e->format = &e->name[name_len];
memcpy(e->format, format, format_len);
if (strcmp(e->format, MARK_NOARGS) == 0)
e->call = marker_probe_cb_noarg;
else
e->call = marker_probe_cb;
trace_mark(core_marker_format, "name %s format %s",
e->name, e->format);
} else {
e->format = NULL;
e->call = marker_probe_cb;
}
e->single.func = __mark_empty_function;
e->single.probe_private = NULL;
e->multi = NULL;
e->ptype = 0;
e->refcount = 0;
e->rcu_pending = 0;
hlist_add_head(&e->hlist, head);
return e;
}
/*
* Remove the marker from the marker hash table. Must be called with mutex_lock
* held.
*/
static int remove_marker(const char *name)
{
struct hlist_head *head;
struct hlist_node *node;
struct marker_entry *e;
int found = 0;
size_t len = strlen(name) + 1;
u32 hash = jhash(name, len-1, 0);
head = &marker_table[hash & ((1 << MARKER_HASH_BITS)-1)];
hlist_for_each_entry(e, node, head, hlist) {
if (!strcmp(name, e->name)) {
found = 1;
break;
}
}
if (!found)
return -ENOENT;
if (e->single.func != __mark_empty_function)
return -EBUSY;
hlist_del(&e->hlist);
/* Make sure the call_rcu has been executed */
if (e->rcu_pending)
rcu_barrier();
kfree(e);
return 0;
}
/*
* Set the mark_entry format to the format found in the element.
*/
static int marker_set_format(struct marker_entry **entry, const char *format)
{
struct marker_entry *e;
size_t name_len = strlen((*entry)->name) + 1;
size_t format_len = strlen(format) + 1;
e = kmalloc(sizeof(struct marker_entry) + name_len + format_len,
GFP_KERNEL);
if (!e)
return -ENOMEM;
memcpy(&e->name[0], (*entry)->name, name_len);
e->format = &e->name[name_len];
memcpy(e->format, format, format_len);
if (strcmp(e->format, MARK_NOARGS) == 0)
e->call = marker_probe_cb_noarg;
else
e->call = marker_probe_cb;
e->single = (*entry)->single;
e->multi = (*entry)->multi;
e->ptype = (*entry)->ptype;
e->refcount = (*entry)->refcount;
e->rcu_pending = 0;
hlist_add_before(&e->hlist, &(*entry)->hlist);
hlist_del(&(*entry)->hlist);
/* Make sure the call_rcu has been executed */
if ((*entry)->rcu_pending)
rcu_barrier();
kfree(*entry);
*entry = e;
trace_mark(core_marker_format, "name %s format %s",
e->name, e->format);
return 0;
}
/*
* Sets the probe callback corresponding to one marker.
*/
static int set_marker(struct marker_entry **entry, struct marker *elem,
int active)
{
int ret;
WARN_ON(strcmp((*entry)->name, elem->name) != 0);
if ((*entry)->format) {
if (strcmp((*entry)->format, elem->format) != 0) {
printk(KERN_NOTICE
"Format mismatch for probe %s "
"(%s), marker (%s)\n",
(*entry)->name,
(*entry)->format,
elem->format);
return -EPERM;
}
} else {
ret = marker_set_format(entry, elem->format);
if (ret)
return ret;
}
/*
* probe_cb setup (statically known) is done here. It is
* asynchronous with the rest of execution, therefore we only
* pass from a "safe" callback (with argument) to an "unsafe"
* callback (does not set arguments).
*/
elem->call = (*entry)->call;
/*
* Sanity check :
* We only update the single probe private data when the ptr is
* set to a _non_ single probe! (0 -> 1 and N -> 1, N != 1)
*/
WARN_ON(elem->single.func != __mark_empty_function
&& elem->single.probe_private
!= (*entry)->single.probe_private &&
!elem->ptype);
elem->single.probe_private = (*entry)->single.probe_private;
/*
* Make sure the private data is valid when we update the
* single probe ptr.
*/
smp_wmb();
elem->single.func = (*entry)->single.func;
/*
* We also make sure that the new probe callbacks array is consistent
* before setting a pointer to it.
*/
rcu_assign_pointer(elem->multi, (*entry)->multi);
/*
* Update the function or multi probe array pointer before setting the
* ptype.
*/
smp_wmb();
elem->ptype = (*entry)->ptype;
elem->state = active;
return 0;
}
/*
* Disable a marker and its probe callback.
* Note: only after a synchronize_sched() issued after setting elem->call to the
* empty function insures that the original callback is not used anymore. This
* insured by preemption disabling around the call site.
*/
static void disable_marker(struct marker *elem)
{
/* leave "call" as is. It is known statically. */
elem->state = 0;
elem->single.func = __mark_empty_function;
/* Update the function before setting the ptype */
smp_wmb();
elem->ptype = 0; /* single probe */
/*
* Leave the private data and id there, because removal is racy and
* should be done only after a synchronize_sched(). These are never used
* until the next initialization anyway.
*/
}
/**
* marker_update_probe_range - Update a probe range
* @begin: beginning of the range
* @end: end of the range
*
* Updates the probe callback corresponding to a range of markers.
*/
void marker_update_probe_range(struct marker *begin,
struct marker *end)
{
struct marker *iter;
struct marker_entry *mark_entry;
mutex_lock(&markers_mutex);
for (iter = begin; iter < end; iter++) {
mark_entry = get_marker(iter->name);
if (mark_entry) {
set_marker(&mark_entry, iter,
!!mark_entry->refcount);
/*
* ignore error, continue
*/
} else {
disable_marker(iter);
}
}
mutex_unlock(&markers_mutex);
}
/*
* Update probes, removing the faulty probes.
* Issues a synchronize_sched() when no reference to the module passed
* as parameter is found in the probes so the probe module can be
* safely unloaded from now on.
*
* Internal callback only changed before the first probe is connected to it.
* Single probe private data can only be changed on 0 -> 1 and 2 -> 1
* transitions. All other transitions will leave the old private data valid.
* This makes the non-atomicity of the callback/private data updates valid.
*
* "special case" updates :
* 0 -> 1 callback
* 1 -> 0 callback
* 1 -> 2 callbacks
* 2 -> 1 callbacks
* Other updates all behave the same, just like the 2 -> 3 or 3 -> 2 updates.
* Site effect : marker_set_format may delete the marker entry (creating a
* replacement).
*/
static void marker_update_probes(void)
{
/* Core kernel markers */
marker_update_probe_range(__start___markers, __stop___markers);
/* Markers in modules. */
module_update_markers();
}
/**
* marker_probe_register - Connect a probe to a marker
* @name: marker name
* @format: format string
* @probe: probe handler
* @probe_private: probe private data
*
* private data must be a valid allocated memory address, or NULL.
* Returns 0 if ok, error value on error.
* The probe address must at least be aligned on the architecture pointer size.
*/
int marker_probe_register(const char *name, const char *format,
marker_probe_func *probe, void *probe_private)
{
struct marker_entry *entry;
int ret = 0;
struct marker_probe_closure *old;
mutex_lock(&markers_mutex);
entry = get_marker(name);
if (!entry) {
entry = add_marker(name, format);
if (IS_ERR(entry)) {
ret = PTR_ERR(entry);
goto end;
}
}
/*
* If we detect that a call_rcu is pending for this marker,
* make sure it's executed now.
*/
if (entry->rcu_pending)
rcu_barrier();
old = marker_entry_add_probe(entry, probe, probe_private);
if (IS_ERR(old)) {
ret = PTR_ERR(old);
goto end;
}
mutex_unlock(&markers_mutex);
marker_update_probes(); /* may update entry */
mutex_lock(&markers_mutex);
entry = get_marker(name);
WARN_ON(!entry);
entry->oldptr = old;
entry->rcu_pending = 1;
/* write rcu_pending before calling the RCU callback */
smp_wmb();
call_rcu(&entry->rcu, free_old_closure);
end:
mutex_unlock(&markers_mutex);
return ret;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(marker_probe_register);
/**
* marker_probe_unregister - Disconnect a probe from a marker
* @name: marker name
* @probe: probe function pointer
* @probe_private: probe private data
*
* Returns the private data given to marker_probe_register, or an ERR_PTR().
* We do not need to call a synchronize_sched to make sure the probes have
* finished running before doing a module unload, because the module unload
* itself uses stop_machine(), which insures that every preempt disabled section
* have finished.
*/
int marker_probe_unregister(const char *name,
marker_probe_func *probe, void *probe_private)
{
struct marker_entry *entry;
struct marker_probe_closure *old;
int ret = -ENOENT;
mutex_lock(&markers_mutex);
entry = get_marker(name);
if (!entry)
goto end;
if (entry->rcu_pending)
rcu_barrier();
old = marker_entry_remove_probe(entry, probe, probe_private);
mutex_unlock(&markers_mutex);
marker_update_probes(); /* may update entry */
mutex_lock(&markers_mutex);
entry = get_marker(name);
if (!entry)
goto end;
entry->oldptr = old;
entry->rcu_pending = 1;
/* write rcu_pending before calling the RCU callback */
smp_wmb();
call_rcu(&entry->rcu, free_old_closure);
remove_marker(name); /* Ignore busy error message */
ret = 0;
end:
mutex_unlock(&markers_mutex);
return ret;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(marker_probe_unregister);
static struct marker_entry *
get_marker_from_private_data(marker_probe_func *probe, void *probe_private)
{
struct marker_entry *entry;
unsigned int i;
struct hlist_head *head;
struct hlist_node *node;
for (i = 0; i < MARKER_TABLE_SIZE; i++) {
head = &marker_table[i];
hlist_for_each_entry(entry, node, head, hlist) {
if (!entry->ptype) {
if (entry->single.func == probe
&& entry->single.probe_private
== probe_private)
return entry;
} else {
struct marker_probe_closure *closure;
closure = entry->multi;
for (i = 0; closure[i].func; i++) {
if (closure[i].func == probe &&
closure[i].probe_private
== probe_private)
return entry;
}
}
}
}
return NULL;
}
/**
* marker_probe_unregister_private_data - Disconnect a probe from a marker
* @probe: probe function
* @probe_private: probe private data
*
* Unregister a probe by providing the registered private data.
* Only removes the first marker found in hash table.
* Return 0 on success or error value.
* We do not need to call a synchronize_sched to make sure the probes have
* finished running before doing a module unload, because the module unload
* itself uses stop_machine(), which insures that every preempt disabled section
* have finished.
*/
int marker_probe_unregister_private_data(marker_probe_func *probe,
void *probe_private)
{
struct marker_entry *entry;
int ret = 0;
struct marker_probe_closure *old;
mutex_lock(&markers_mutex);
entry = get_marker_from_private_data(probe, probe_private);
if (!entry) {
ret = -ENOENT;
goto end;
}
if (entry->rcu_pending)
rcu_barrier();
old = marker_entry_remove_probe(entry, NULL, probe_private);
mutex_unlock(&markers_mutex);
marker_update_probes(); /* may update entry */
mutex_lock(&markers_mutex);
entry = get_marker_from_private_data(probe, probe_private);
WARN_ON(!entry);
entry->oldptr = old;
entry->rcu_pending = 1;
/* write rcu_pending before calling the RCU callback */
smp_wmb();
call_rcu(&entry->rcu, free_old_closure);
remove_marker(entry->name); /* Ignore busy error message */
end:
mutex_unlock(&markers_mutex);
return ret;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(marker_probe_unregister_private_data);
/**
* marker_get_private_data - Get a marker's probe private data
* @name: marker name
* @probe: probe to match
* @num: get the nth matching probe's private data
*
* Returns the nth private data pointer (starting from 0) matching, or an
* ERR_PTR.
* Returns the private data pointer, or an ERR_PTR.
* The private data pointer should _only_ be dereferenced if the caller is the
* owner of the data, or its content could vanish. This is mostly used to
* confirm that a caller is the owner of a registered probe.
*/
void *marker_get_private_data(const char *name, marker_probe_func *probe,
int num)
{
struct hlist_head *head;
struct hlist_node *node;
struct marker_entry *e;
size_t name_len = strlen(name) + 1;
u32 hash = jhash(name, name_len-1, 0);
int i;
head = &marker_table[hash & ((1 << MARKER_HASH_BITS)-1)];
hlist_for_each_entry(e, node, head, hlist) {
if (!strcmp(name, e->name)) {
if (!e->ptype) {
if (num == 0 && e->single.func == probe)
return e->single.probe_private;
else
break;
} else {
struct marker_probe_closure *closure;
int match = 0;
closure = e->multi;
for (i = 0; closure[i].func; i++) {
if (closure[i].func != probe)
continue;
if (match++ == num)
return closure[i].probe_private;
}
}
}
}
return ERR_PTR(-ENOENT);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(marker_get_private_data);
