netfilter: nf_conntrack: add direction support for zones

This work adds a direction parameter to netfilter zones, so identity
separation can be performed only in original/reply or both directions
(default). This basically opens up the possibility of doing NAT with
conflicting IP address/port tuples from multiple, isolated tenants
on a host (e.g. from a netns) without requiring each tenant to NAT
twice resp. to use its own dedicated IP address to SNAT to, meaning
overlapping tuples can be made unique with the zone identifier in
original direction, where the NAT engine will then allocate a unique
tuple in the commonly shared default zone for the reply direction.
In some restricted, local DNAT cases, also port redirection could be
used for making the reply traffic unique w/o requiring SNAT.

The consensus we've reached and discussed at NFWS and since the initial
implementation [1] was to directly integrate the direction meta data
into the existing zones infrastructure, as opposed to the ct->mark
approach we proposed initially.

As we pass the nf_conntrack_zone object directly around, we don't have
to touch all call-sites, but only those, that contain equality checks
of zones. Thus, based on the current direction (original or reply),
we either return the actual id, or the default NF_CT_DEFAULT_ZONE_ID.
CT expectations are direction-agnostic entities when expectations are
being compared among themselves, so we can only use the identifier
in this case.

Note that zone identifiers can not be included into the hash mix
anymore as they don't contain a "stable" value that would be equal
for both directions at all times, f.e. if only zone->id would
unconditionally be xor'ed into the table slot hash, then replies won't
find the corresponding conntracking entry anymore.

If no particular direction is specified when configuring zones, the
behaviour is exactly as we expect currently (both directions).

Support has been added for the CT netlink interface as well as the
x_tables raw CT target, which both already offer existing interfaces
to user space for the configuration of zones.

Below a minimal, simplified collision example (script in [2]) with
netperf sessions:

  +--- tenant-1 ---+   mark := 1
  |    netperf     |--+
  +----------------+  |                CT zone := mark [ORIGINAL]
   [ip,sport] := X   +--------------+  +--- gateway ---+
                     | mark routing |--|     SNAT      |-- ... +
                     +--------------+  +---------------+       |
  +--- tenant-2 ---+  |                                     ~~~|~~~
  |    netperf     |--+                +-----------+           |
  +----------------+   mark := 2       | netserver |------ ... +
   [ip,sport] := X                     +-----------+
                                        [ip,port] := Y
On the gateway netns, example:

  iptables -t raw -A PREROUTING -j CT --zone mark --zone-dir ORIGINAL
  iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o <dev> -j SNAT --to-source <ip> --random-fully

  iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -m conntrack --ctdir ORIGINAL -j CONNMARK --save-mark
  iptables -t mangle -A POSTROUTING -m conntrack --ctdir REPLY -j CONNMARK --restore-mark

conntrack dump from gateway netns:

  netperf -H 10.1.1.2 -t TCP_STREAM -l60 -p12865,5555 from each tenant netns

  tcp 6 431995 ESTABLISHED src=40.1.1.1 dst=10.1.1.2 sport=5555 dport=12865 zone-orig=1
                           src=10.1.1.2 dst=10.1.1.1 sport=12865 dport=1024
               [ASSURED] mark=1 secctx=system_u:object_r:unlabeled_t:s0 use=1

  tcp 6 431994 ESTABLISHED src=40.1.1.1 dst=10.1.1.2 sport=5555 dport=12865 zone-orig=2
                           src=10.1.1.2 dst=10.1.1.1 sport=12865 dport=5555
               [ASSURED] mark=2 secctx=system_u:object_r:unlabeled_t:s0 use=1

  tcp 6 299 ESTABLISHED src=40.1.1.1 dst=10.1.1.2 sport=39438 dport=33768 zone-orig=1
                        src=10.1.1.2 dst=10.1.1.1 sport=33768 dport=39438
               [ASSURED] mark=1 secctx=system_u:object_r:unlabeled_t:s0 use=1

  tcp 6 300 ESTABLISHED src=40.1.1.1 dst=10.1.1.2 sport=32889 dport=40206 zone-orig=2
                        src=10.1.1.2 dst=10.1.1.1 sport=40206 dport=32889
               [ASSURED] mark=2 secctx=system_u:object_r:unlabeled_t:s0 use=2

Taking this further, test script in [2] creates 200 tenants and runs
original-tuple colliding netperf sessions each. A conntrack -L dump in
the gateway netns also confirms 200 overlapping entries, all in ESTABLISHED
state as expected.

I also did run various other tests with some permutations of the script,
to mention some: SNAT in random/random-fully/persistent mode, no zones (no
overlaps), static zones (original, reply, both directions), etc.

  [1] http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.comp.security.firewalls.netfilter.devel/57412/
  [2] https://paste.fedoraproject.org/242835/65657871/

Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Signed-off-by: Pablo Neira Ayuso <pablo@netfilter.org>

1 files changed, 131 insertions, 46 deletions

diff --git a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_netlink.c b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_netlink.c
index 95f7f01e253d..4eaf925bead4 100644
--- a/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_netlink.c
+++ b/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_netlink.c
@@ -128,6 +128,20 @@ ctnetlink_dump_tuples(struct sk_buff *skb,
 }
 
 static inline int
+ctnetlink_dump_zone_id(struct sk_buff *skb, int attrtype,
+		       const struct nf_conntrack_zone *zone, int dir)
+{
+	if (zone->id == NF_CT_DEFAULT_ZONE_ID || zone->dir != dir)
+		return 0;
+	if (nla_put_be16(skb, attrtype, htons(zone->id)))
+		goto nla_put_failure;
+	return 0;
+
+nla_put_failure:
+	return -1;
+}
+
+static inline int
 ctnetlink_dump_status(struct sk_buff *skb, const struct nf_conn *ct)
 {
 	if (nla_put_be32(skb, CTA_STATUS, htonl(ct->status)))
@@ -474,11 +488,16 @@ ctnetlink_fill_info(struct sk_buff *skb, u32 portid, u32 seq, u32 type,
 	nfmsg->version      = NFNETLINK_V0;
 	nfmsg->res_id	    = 0;
 
+	zone = nf_ct_zone(ct);
+
 	nest_parms = nla_nest_start(skb, CTA_TUPLE_ORIG | NLA_F_NESTED);
 	if (!nest_parms)
 		goto nla_put_failure;
 	if (ctnetlink_dump_tuples(skb, nf_ct_tuple(ct, IP_CT_DIR_ORIGINAL)) < 0)
 		goto nla_put_failure;
+	if (ctnetlink_dump_zone_id(skb, CTA_TUPLE_ZONE, zone,
+				   NF_CT_ZONE_DIR_ORIG) < 0)
+		goto nla_put_failure;
 	nla_nest_end(skb, nest_parms);
 
 	nest_parms = nla_nest_start(skb, CTA_TUPLE_REPLY | NLA_F_NESTED);
@@ -486,11 +505,13 @@ ctnetlink_fill_info(struct sk_buff *skb, u32 portid, u32 seq, u32 type,
 		goto nla_put_failure;
 	if (ctnetlink_dump_tuples(skb, nf_ct_tuple(ct, IP_CT_DIR_REPLY)) < 0)
 		goto nla_put_failure;
+	if (ctnetlink_dump_zone_id(skb, CTA_TUPLE_ZONE, zone,
+				   NF_CT_ZONE_DIR_REPL) < 0)
+		goto nla_put_failure;
 	nla_nest_end(skb, nest_parms);
 
-	zone = nf_ct_zone(ct);
-	if (zone->id != NF_CT_DEFAULT_ZONE_ID &&
-	    nla_put_be16(skb, CTA_ZONE, htons(zone->id)))
+	if (ctnetlink_dump_zone_id(skb, CTA_ZONE, zone,
+				   NF_CT_DEFAULT_ZONE_DIR) < 0)
 		goto nla_put_failure;
 
 	if (ctnetlink_dump_status(skb, ct) < 0 ||
@@ -600,7 +621,7 @@ ctnetlink_nlmsg_size(const struct nf_conn *ct)
 	       + nla_total_size(sizeof(u_int32_t)) /* CTA_MARK */
 #endif
 #ifdef CONFIG_NF_CONNTRACK_ZONES
-	       + nla_total_size(sizeof(u_int16_t)) /* CTA_ZONE */
+	       + nla_total_size(sizeof(u_int16_t)) /* CTA_ZONE|CTA_TUPLE_ZONE */
 #endif
 	       + ctnetlink_proto_size(ct)
 	       + ctnetlink_label_size(ct)
@@ -658,11 +679,16 @@ ctnetlink_conntrack_event(unsigned int events, struct nf_ct_event *item)
 	nfmsg->res_id	= 0;
 
 	rcu_read_lock();
+	zone = nf_ct_zone(ct);
+
 	nest_parms = nla_nest_start(skb, CTA_TUPLE_ORIG | NLA_F_NESTED);
 	if (!nest_parms)
 		goto nla_put_failure;
 	if (ctnetlink_dump_tuples(skb, nf_ct_tuple(ct, IP_CT_DIR_ORIGINAL)) < 0)
 		goto nla_put_failure;
+	if (ctnetlink_dump_zone_id(skb, CTA_TUPLE_ZONE, zone,
+				   NF_CT_ZONE_DIR_ORIG) < 0)
+		goto nla_put_failure;
 	nla_nest_end(skb, nest_parms);
 
 	nest_parms = nla_nest_start(skb, CTA_TUPLE_REPLY | NLA_F_NESTED);
@@ -670,11 +696,13 @@ ctnetlink_conntrack_event(unsigned int events, struct nf_ct_event *item)
 		goto nla_put_failure;
 	if (ctnetlink_dump_tuples(skb, nf_ct_tuple(ct, IP_CT_DIR_REPLY)) < 0)
 		goto nla_put_failure;
+	if (ctnetlink_dump_zone_id(skb, CTA_TUPLE_ZONE, zone,
+				   NF_CT_ZONE_DIR_REPL) < 0)
+		goto nla_put_failure;
 	nla_nest_end(skb, nest_parms);
 
-	zone = nf_ct_zone(ct);
-	if (zone->id != NF_CT_DEFAULT_ZONE_ID &&
-	    nla_put_be16(skb, CTA_ZONE, htons(zone->id)))
+	if (ctnetlink_dump_zone_id(skb, CTA_ZONE, zone,
+				   NF_CT_DEFAULT_ZONE_DIR) < 0)
 		goto nla_put_failure;
 
 	if (ctnetlink_dump_id(skb, ct) < 0)
@@ -924,15 +952,55 @@ ctnetlink_parse_tuple_proto(struct nlattr *attr,
 	return ret;
 }
 
+static int
+ctnetlink_parse_zone(const struct nlattr *attr,
+		     struct nf_conntrack_zone *zone)
+{
+	zone->id  = NF_CT_DEFAULT_ZONE_ID;
+	zone->dir = NF_CT_DEFAULT_ZONE_DIR;
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_NF_CONNTRACK_ZONES
+	if (attr)
+		zone->id = ntohs(nla_get_be16(attr));
+#else
+	if (attr)
+		return -EOPNOTSUPP;
+#endif
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int
+ctnetlink_parse_tuple_zone(struct nlattr *attr, enum ctattr_type type,
+			   struct nf_conntrack_zone *zone)
+{
+	int ret;
+
+	if (zone->id != NF_CT_DEFAULT_ZONE_ID)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	ret = ctnetlink_parse_zone(attr, zone);
+	if (ret < 0)
+		return ret;
+
+	if (type == CTA_TUPLE_REPLY)
+		zone->dir = NF_CT_ZONE_DIR_REPL;
+	else
+		zone->dir = NF_CT_ZONE_DIR_ORIG;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
 static const struct nla_policy tuple_nla_policy[CTA_TUPLE_MAX+1] = {
 	[CTA_TUPLE_IP]		= { .type = NLA_NESTED },
 	[CTA_TUPLE_PROTO]	= { .type = NLA_NESTED },
+	[CTA_TUPLE_ZONE]	= { .type = NLA_U16 },
 };
 
 static int
 ctnetlink_parse_tuple(const struct nlattr * const cda[],
 		      struct nf_conntrack_tuple *tuple,
-		      enum ctattr_type type, u_int8_t l3num)
+		      enum ctattr_type type, u_int8_t l3num,
+		      struct nf_conntrack_zone *zone)
 {
 	struct nlattr *tb[CTA_TUPLE_MAX+1];
 	int err;
@@ -959,6 +1027,16 @@ ctnetlink_parse_tuple(const struct nlattr * const cda[],
 	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
+	if (tb[CTA_TUPLE_ZONE]) {
+		if (!zone)
+			return -EINVAL;
+
+		err = ctnetlink_parse_tuple_zone(tb[CTA_TUPLE_ZONE],
+						 type, zone);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+
 	/* orig and expect tuples get DIR_ORIGINAL */
 	if (type == CTA_TUPLE_REPLY)
 		tuple->dst.dir = IP_CT_DIR_REPLY;
@@ -968,22 +1046,6 @@ ctnetlink_parse_tuple(const struct nlattr * const cda[],
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int
-ctnetlink_parse_zone(const struct nlattr *attr,
-		     struct nf_conntrack_zone *zone)
-{
-	zone->id = NF_CT_DEFAULT_ZONE_ID;
-
-#ifdef CONFIG_NF_CONNTRACK_ZONES
-	if (attr)
-		zone->id = ntohs(nla_get_be16(attr));
-#else
-	if (attr)
-		return -EOPNOTSUPP;
-#endif
-	return 0;
-}
-
 static const struct nla_policy help_nla_policy[CTA_HELP_MAX+1] = {
 	[CTA_HELP_NAME]		= { .type = NLA_NUL_STRING,
 				    .len = NF_CT_HELPER_NAME_LEN - 1 },
@@ -1071,9 +1133,11 @@ ctnetlink_del_conntrack(struct sock *ctnl, struct sk_buff *skb,
 		return err;
 
 	if (cda[CTA_TUPLE_ORIG])
-		err = ctnetlink_parse_tuple(cda, &tuple, CTA_TUPLE_ORIG, u3);
+		err = ctnetlink_parse_tuple(cda, &tuple, CTA_TUPLE_ORIG,
+					    u3, &zone);
 	else if (cda[CTA_TUPLE_REPLY])
-		err = ctnetlink_parse_tuple(cda, &tuple, CTA_TUPLE_REPLY, u3);
+		err = ctnetlink_parse_tuple(cda, &tuple, CTA_TUPLE_REPLY,
+					    u3, &zone);
 	else {
 		return ctnetlink_flush_conntrack(net, cda,
 						 NETLINK_CB(skb).portid,
@@ -1143,9 +1207,11 @@ ctnetlink_get_conntrack(struct sock *ctnl, struct sk_buff *skb,
 		return err;
 
 	if (cda[CTA_TUPLE_ORIG])
-		err = ctnetlink_parse_tuple(cda, &tuple, CTA_TUPLE_ORIG, u3);
+		err = ctnetlink_parse_tuple(cda, &tuple, CTA_TUPLE_ORIG,
+					    u3, &zone);
 	else if (cda[CTA_TUPLE_REPLY])
-		err = ctnetlink_parse_tuple(cda, &tuple, CTA_TUPLE_REPLY, u3);
+		err = ctnetlink_parse_tuple(cda, &tuple, CTA_TUPLE_REPLY,
+					    u3, &zone);
 	else
 		return -EINVAL;
 
@@ -1767,7 +1833,8 @@ ctnetlink_create_conntrack(struct net *net,
 		struct nf_conntrack_tuple_hash *master_h;
 		struct nf_conn *master_ct;
 
-		err = ctnetlink_parse_tuple(cda, &master, CTA_TUPLE_MASTER, u3);
+		err = ctnetlink_parse_tuple(cda, &master, CTA_TUPLE_MASTER,
+					    u3, NULL);
 		if (err < 0)
 			goto err2;
 
@@ -1818,13 +1885,15 @@ ctnetlink_new_conntrack(struct sock *ctnl, struct sk_buff *skb,
 		return err;
 
 	if (cda[CTA_TUPLE_ORIG]) {
-		err = ctnetlink_parse_tuple(cda, &otuple, CTA_TUPLE_ORIG, u3);
+		err = ctnetlink_parse_tuple(cda, &otuple, CTA_TUPLE_ORIG,
+					    u3, &zone);
 		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 	}
 
 	if (cda[CTA_TUPLE_REPLY]) {
-		err = ctnetlink_parse_tuple(cda, &rtuple, CTA_TUPLE_REPLY, u3);
+		err = ctnetlink_parse_tuple(cda, &rtuple, CTA_TUPLE_REPLY,
+					    u3, &zone);
 		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 	}
@@ -2088,7 +2157,7 @@ ctnetlink_nfqueue_build_size(const struct nf_conn *ct)
 	       + nla_total_size(sizeof(u_int32_t)) /* CTA_MARK */
 #endif
 #ifdef CONFIG_NF_CONNTRACK_ZONES
-	       + nla_total_size(sizeof(u_int16_t)) /* CTA_ZONE */
+	       + nla_total_size(sizeof(u_int16_t)) /* CTA_ZONE|CTA_TUPLE_ZONE */
 #endif
 	       + ctnetlink_proto_size(ct)
 	       ;
@@ -2101,11 +2170,16 @@ ctnetlink_nfqueue_build(struct sk_buff *skb, struct nf_conn *ct)
 	struct nlattr *nest_parms;
 
 	rcu_read_lock();
+	zone = nf_ct_zone(ct);
+
 	nest_parms = nla_nest_start(skb, CTA_TUPLE_ORIG | NLA_F_NESTED);
 	if (!nest_parms)
 		goto nla_put_failure;
 	if (ctnetlink_dump_tuples(skb, nf_ct_tuple(ct, IP_CT_DIR_ORIGINAL)) < 0)
 		goto nla_put_failure;
+	if (ctnetlink_dump_zone_id(skb, CTA_TUPLE_ZONE, zone,
+				   NF_CT_ZONE_DIR_ORIG) < 0)
+		goto nla_put_failure;
 	nla_nest_end(skb, nest_parms);
 
 	nest_parms = nla_nest_start(skb, CTA_TUPLE_REPLY | NLA_F_NESTED);
@@ -2113,11 +2187,13 @@ ctnetlink_nfqueue_build(struct sk_buff *skb, struct nf_conn *ct)
 		goto nla_put_failure;
 	if (ctnetlink_dump_tuples(skb, nf_ct_tuple(ct, IP_CT_DIR_REPLY)) < 0)
 		goto nla_put_failure;
+	if (ctnetlink_dump_zone_id(skb, CTA_TUPLE_ZONE, zone,
+				   NF_CT_ZONE_DIR_REPL) < 0)
+		goto nla_put_failure;
 	nla_nest_end(skb, nest_parms);
 
-	zone = nf_ct_zone(ct);
-	if (zone->id != NF_CT_DEFAULT_ZONE_ID &&
-	    nla_put_be16(skb, CTA_ZONE, htons(zone->id)))
+	if (ctnetlink_dump_zone_id(skb, CTA_ZONE, zone,
+				   NF_CT_DEFAULT_ZONE_DIR) < 0)
 		goto nla_put_failure;
 
 	if (ctnetlink_dump_id(skb, ct) < 0)
@@ -2225,12 +2301,12 @@ static int ctnetlink_nfqueue_exp_parse(const struct nlattr * const *cda,
 	int err;
 
 	err = ctnetlink_parse_tuple(cda, tuple, CTA_EXPECT_TUPLE,
-				    nf_ct_l3num(ct));
+				    nf_ct_l3num(ct), NULL);
 	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
 	return ctnetlink_parse_tuple(cda, mask, CTA_EXPECT_MASK,
-				     nf_ct_l3num(ct));
+				     nf_ct_l3num(ct), NULL);
 }
 
 static int
@@ -2625,7 +2701,8 @@ static int ctnetlink_dump_exp_ct(struct sock *ctnl, struct sk_buff *skb,
 		.done = ctnetlink_exp_done,
 	};
 
-	err = ctnetlink_parse_tuple(cda, &tuple, CTA_EXPECT_MASTER, u3);
+	err = ctnetlink_parse_tuple(cda, &tuple, CTA_EXPECT_MASTER,
+				    u3, NULL);
 	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
@@ -2677,9 +2754,11 @@ ctnetlink_get_expect(struct sock *ctnl, struct sk_buff *skb,
 		return err;
 
 	if (cda[CTA_EXPECT_TUPLE])
-		err = ctnetlink_parse_tuple(cda, &tuple, CTA_EXPECT_TUPLE, u3);
+		err = ctnetlink_parse_tuple(cda, &tuple, CTA_EXPECT_TUPLE,
+					    u3, NULL);
 	else if (cda[CTA_EXPECT_MASTER])
-		err = ctnetlink_parse_tuple(cda, &tuple, CTA_EXPECT_MASTER, u3);
+		err = ctnetlink_parse_tuple(cda, &tuple, CTA_EXPECT_MASTER,
+					    u3, NULL);
 	else
 		return -EINVAL;
 
@@ -2747,7 +2826,8 @@ ctnetlink_del_expect(struct sock *ctnl, struct sk_buff *skb,
 		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 
-		err = ctnetlink_parse_tuple(cda, &tuple, CTA_EXPECT_TUPLE, u3);
+		err = ctnetlink_parse_tuple(cda, &tuple, CTA_EXPECT_TUPLE,
+					    u3, NULL);
 		if (err < 0)
 			return err;
 
@@ -2854,7 +2934,8 @@ ctnetlink_parse_expect_nat(const struct nlattr *attr,
 		return -EINVAL;
 
 	err = ctnetlink_parse_tuple((const struct nlattr * const *)tb,
-					&nat_tuple, CTA_EXPECT_NAT_TUPLE, u3);
+				    &nat_tuple, CTA_EXPECT_NAT_TUPLE,
+				    u3, NULL);
 	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
@@ -2955,13 +3036,16 @@ ctnetlink_create_expect(struct net *net,
 	int err;
 
 	/* caller guarantees that those three CTA_EXPECT_* exist */
-	err = ctnetlink_parse_tuple(cda, &tuple, CTA_EXPECT_TUPLE, u3);
+	err = ctnetlink_parse_tuple(cda, &tuple, CTA_EXPECT_TUPLE,
+				    u3, NULL);
 	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
-	err = ctnetlink_parse_tuple(cda, &mask, CTA_EXPECT_MASK, u3);
+	err = ctnetlink_parse_tuple(cda, &mask, CTA_EXPECT_MASK,
+				    u3, NULL);
 	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
-	err = ctnetlink_parse_tuple(cda, &master_tuple, CTA_EXPECT_MASTER, u3);
+	err = ctnetlink_parse_tuple(cda, &master_tuple, CTA_EXPECT_MASTER,
+				    u3, NULL);
 	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
@@ -3029,7 +3113,8 @@ ctnetlink_new_expect(struct sock *ctnl, struct sk_buff *skb,
 	if (err < 0)
 		return err;
 
-	err = ctnetlink_parse_tuple(cda, &tuple, CTA_EXPECT_TUPLE, u3);
+	err = ctnetlink_parse_tuple(cda, &tuple, CTA_EXPECT_TUPLE,
+				    u3, NULL);
 	if (err < 0)
 		return err;