path: root/libfdisk/src/gpt.c

/*
 * Copyright (C) 2007 Karel Zak <kzak@redhat.com>
 * Copyright (C) 2012 Davidlohr Bueso <dave@gnu.org>
 *
 * GUID Partition Table (GPT) support. Based on UEFI Specs 2.3.1
 * Chapter 5: GUID Partition Table (GPT) Disk Layout (Jun 27th, 2012).
 * Some ideas and inspiration from GNU parted and gptfdisk.
 */
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <inttypes.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/utsname.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <uuid.h>

#include "fdiskP.h"

#include "nls.h"
#include "crc32.h"
#include "blkdev.h"
#include "bitops.h"
#include "strutils.h"
#include "all-io.h"

#define GPT_HEADER_SIGNATURE 0x5452415020494645LL /* EFI PART */
#define GPT_HEADER_REVISION_V1_02 0x00010200
#define GPT_HEADER_REVISION_V1_00 0x00010000
#define GPT_HEADER_REVISION_V0_99 0x00009900
#define GPT_HEADER_MINSZ          92 /* bytes */

#define GPT_PMBR_LBA        0
#define GPT_MBR_PROTECTIVE  1
#define GPT_MBR_HYBRID      2

#define GPT_PRIMARY_PARTITION_TABLE_LBA 0x00000001

#define EFI_PMBR_OSTYPE     0xEE
#define MSDOS_MBR_SIGNATURE 0xAA55
#define GPT_PART_NAME_LEN   (72 / sizeof(uint16_t))
#define GPT_NPARTITIONS     128

/* Globally unique identifier */
struct gpt_guid {
	uint32_t   time_low;
	uint16_t   time_mid;
	uint16_t   time_hi_and_version;
	uint8_t    clock_seq_hi;
	uint8_t    clock_seq_low;
	uint8_t    node[6];
};


/* only checking that the GUID is 0 is enough to verify an empty partition. */
#define GPT_UNUSED_ENTRY_GUID						\
	((struct gpt_guid) { 0x00000000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x00, 0x00,	\
			     { 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 }})

/* Linux native partition type */
#define GPT_DEFAULT_ENTRY_TYPE "0FC63DAF-8483-4772-8E79-3D69D8477DE4"

/*
 * Attribute bits
 */
struct gpt_attr {
	uint64_t            required_to_function:1;
	uint64_t            no_blockio_protocol:1;
	uint64_t            legacy_bios_bootable:1;
	uint64_t            reserved:45;
	uint64_t            guid_secific:16;
}  __attribute__ ((packed));

/* The GPT Partition entry array contains an array of GPT entries. */
struct gpt_entry {
	struct gpt_guid     type; /* purpose and type of the partition */
	struct gpt_guid     partition_guid;
	uint64_t            lba_start;
	uint64_t            lba_end;
	struct gpt_attr     attr;
	uint16_t            name[GPT_PART_NAME_LEN];
}  __attribute__ ((packed));

/* GPT header */
struct gpt_header {
	uint64_t            signature; /* header identification */
	uint32_t            revision; /* header version */
	uint32_t            size; /* in bytes */
	uint32_t            crc32; /* header CRC checksum */
	uint32_t            reserved1; /* must be 0 */
	uint64_t            my_lba; /* LBA that contains this struct (LBA 1) */
	uint64_t            alternative_lba; /* backup GPT header */
	uint64_t            first_usable_lba; /* first usable logical block for partitions */
	uint64_t            last_usable_lba; /* last usable logical block for partitions */
	struct gpt_guid     disk_guid; /* unique disk identifier */
	uint64_t            partition_entry_lba; /* stat LBA of the partition entry array */
	uint32_t            npartition_entries; /* total partition entries - normally 128 */
	uint32_t            sizeof_partition_entry; /* bytes for each GUID pt */
	uint32_t            partition_entry_array_crc32; /* partition CRC checksum */
	uint8_t             reserved2[512 - 92]; /* must be 0 */
} __attribute__ ((packed));

struct gpt_record {
	uint8_t             boot_indicator; /* unused by EFI, set to 0x80 for bootable */
	uint8_t             start_head; /* unused by EFI, pt start in CHS */
	uint8_t             start_sector; /* unused by EFI, pt start in CHS */
	uint8_t             start_track;
	uint8_t             os_type; /* EFI and legacy non-EFI OS types */
	uint8_t             end_head; /* unused by EFI, pt end in CHS */
	uint8_t             end_sector; /* unused by EFI, pt end in CHS */
	uint8_t             end_track; /* unused by EFI, pt end in CHS */
	uint32_t            starting_lba; /* used by EFI - start addr of the on disk pt */
	uint32_t            size_in_lba; /* used by EFI - size of pt in LBA */
} __attribute__ ((packed));

/* Protected MBR and legacy MBR share same structure */
struct gpt_legacy_mbr {
	uint8_t             boot_code[440];
	uint32_t            unique_mbr_signature;
	uint16_t            unknown;
	struct gpt_record   partition_record[4];
	uint16_t            signature;
} __attribute__ ((packed));

/*
 * Here be dragons!
 * See: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GUID_Partition_Table#Partition_type_GUIDs
 */
#define DEF_GUID(_u, _n) \
	{ \
		.typestr = (_u), \
		.name = (_n),    \
	}

static struct fdisk_parttype gpt_parttypes[] =
{
	/* Generic OS */
	DEF_GUID("C12A7328-F81F-11D2-BA4B-00A0C93EC93B", N_("EFI System")),

	DEF_GUID("024DEE41-33E7-11D3-9D69-0008C781F39F", N_("MBR partition scheme")),
	DEF_GUID("D3BFE2DE-3DAF-11DF-BA40-E3A556D89593", N_("Intel Fast Flash")),

	/* Hah!IdontneedEFI */
	DEF_GUID("21686148-6449-6E6F-744E-656564454649", N_("BIOS boot partition")),

	/* Windows */
	DEF_GUID("E3C9E316-0B5C-4DB8-817D-F92DF00215AE", N_("Microsoft reserved")),
	DEF_GUID("EBD0A0A2-B9E5-4433-87C0-68B6B72699C7", N_("Microsoft basic data")),
	DEF_GUID("5808C8AA-7E8F-42E0-85D2-E1E90434CFB3", N_("Microsoft LDM metadata")),
	DEF_GUID("AF9B60A0-1431-4F62-BC68-3311714A69AD", N_("Microsoft LDM data")),
	DEF_GUID("DE94BBA4-06D1-4D40-A16A-BFD50179D6AC", N_("Windows recovery environment")),
	DEF_GUID("37AFFC90-EF7D-4E96-91C3-2D7AE055B174", N_("IBM General Parallel Fs")),

	/* HP-UX */
	DEF_GUID("75894C1E-3AEB-11D3-B7C1-7B03A0000000", N_("HP-UX data partition")),
	DEF_GUID("E2A1E728-32E3-11D6-A682-7B03A0000000", N_("HP-UX service partition")),

	/* Linux */
	DEF_GUID("0FC63DAF-8483-4772-8E79-3D69D8477DE4", N_("Linux filesystem")),
	DEF_GUID("A19D880F-05FC-4D3B-A006-743F0F84911E", N_("Linux RAID")),
	DEF_GUID("0657FD6D-A4AB-43C4-84E5-0933C84B4F4F", N_("Linux swap")),
	DEF_GUID("E6D6D379-F507-44C2-A23C-238F2A3DF928", N_("Linux LVM")),
	DEF_GUID("8DA63339-0007-60C0-C436-083AC8230908", N_("Linux reserved")),

	/* FreeBSD */
	DEF_GUID("516E7CB4-6ECF-11D6-8FF8-00022D09712B", N_("FreeBSD data")),
	DEF_GUID("83BD6B9D-7F41-11DC-BE0B-001560B84F0F", N_("FreeBSD boot")),
	DEF_GUID("516E7CB5-6ECF-11D6-8FF8-00022D09712B", N_("FreeBSD swap")),
	DEF_GUID("516E7CB6-6ECF-11D6-8FF8-00022D09712B", N_("FreeBSD UFS")),
	DEF_GUID("516E7CBA-6ECF-11D6-8FF8-00022D09712B", N_("FreeBSD ZFS")),
	DEF_GUID("516E7CB8-6ECF-11D6-8FF8-00022D09712B", N_("FreeBSD Vinum")),

	/* Apple OSX */
	DEF_GUID("48465300-0000-11AA-AA11-00306543ECAC", N_("Apple HFS/HFS+")),
	DEF_GUID("55465300-0000-11AA-AA11-00306543ECAC", N_("Apple UFS")),
	DEF_GUID("52414944-0000-11AA-AA11-00306543ECAC", N_("Apple RAID")),
	DEF_GUID("52414944-5F4F-11AA-AA11-00306543ECAC", N_("Apple RAID offline")),
	DEF_GUID("426F6F74-0000-11AA-AA11-00306543ECAC", N_("Apple boot")),
	DEF_GUID("4C616265-6C00-11AA-AA11-00306543ECAC", N_("Apple label")),
	DEF_GUID("5265636F-7665-11AA-AA11-00306543ECAC", N_("Apple TV recovery")),
	DEF_GUID("53746F72-6167-11AA-AA11-00306543ECAC", N_("Apple Core storage")),

	/* Solaris */
	DEF_GUID("6A82CB45-1DD2-11B2-99A6-080020736631", N_("Solaris boot")),
	DEF_GUID("6A85CF4D-1DD2-11B2-99A6-080020736631", N_("Solaris root")),
	/* same as Apple ZFS */
	DEF_GUID("6A898CC3-1DD2-11B2-99A6-080020736631", N_("Solaris /usr & Apple ZFS")),
	DEF_GUID("6A87C46F-1DD2-11B2-99A6-080020736631", N_("Solaris swap")),
	DEF_GUID("6A8B642B-1DD2-11B2-99A6-080020736631", N_("Solaris backup")),
	DEF_GUID("6A8EF2E9-1DD2-11B2-99A6-080020736631", N_("Solaris /var")),
	DEF_GUID("6A90BA39-1DD2-11B2-99A6-080020736631", N_("Solaris /home")),
	DEF_GUID("6A9283A5-1DD2-11B2-99A6-080020736631", N_("Solaris alternate sector")),
	DEF_GUID("6A945A3B-1DD2-11B2-99A6-080020736631", N_("Solaris reserved 1")),
	DEF_GUID("6A9630D1-1DD2-11B2-99A6-080020736631", N_("Solaris reserved 2")),
	DEF_GUID("6A980767-1DD2-11B2-99A6-080020736631", N_("Solaris reserved 3")),
	DEF_GUID("6A96237F-1DD2-11B2-99A6-080020736631", N_("Solaris reserved 4")),
	DEF_GUID("6A8D2AC7-1DD2-11B2-99A6-080020736631", N_("Solaris reserved 5")),

	/* NetBSD */
	DEF_GUID("49F48D32-B10E-11DC-B99B-0019D1879648", N_("NetBSD swap")),
	DEF_GUID("49F48D5A-B10E-11DC-B99B-0019D1879648", N_("NetBSD FFS")),
	DEF_GUID("49F48D82-B10E-11DC-B99B-0019D1879648", N_("NetBSD LFS")),
	DEF_GUID("2DB519C4-B10E-11DC-B99B-0019D1879648", N_("NetBSD concatenated")),
	DEF_GUID("2DB519EC-B10E-11DC-B99B-0019D1879648", N_("NetBSD encrypted")),
	DEF_GUID("49F48DAA-B10E-11DC-B99B-0019D1879648", N_("NetBSD RAID")),

	/* ChromeOS */
	DEF_GUID("FE3A2A5D-4F32-41A7-B725-ACCC3285A309", N_("ChromeOS kernel")),
	DEF_GUID("3CB8E202-3B7E-47DD-8A3C-7FF2A13CFCEC", N_("ChromeOS root fs")),
	DEF_GUID("2E0A753D-9E48-43B0-8337-B15192CB1B5E", N_("ChromeOS reserved")),

	/* MidnightBSD */
	DEF_GUID("85D5E45A-237C-11E1-B4B3-E89A8F7FC3A7", N_("MidnightBSD data")),
	DEF_GUID("85D5E45E-237C-11E1-B4B3-E89A8F7FC3A7", N_("MidnightBSD boot")),
	DEF_GUID("85D5E45B-237C-11E1-B4B3-E89A8F7FC3A7", N_("MidnightBSD swap")),
	DEF_GUID("0394Ef8B-237C-11E1-B4B3-E89A8F7FC3A7", N_("MidnightBSD UFS")),
	DEF_GUID("85D5E45D-237C-11E1-B4B3-E89A8F7FC3A7", N_("MidnightBSD ZFS")),
	DEF_GUID("85D5E45C-237C-11E1-B4B3-E89A8F7FC3A7", N_("MidnightBSD Vinum")),
};

/* gpt_entry macros */
#define gpt_partition_start(_e)		le64_to_cpu((_e)->lba_start)
#define gpt_partition_end(_e)		le64_to_cpu((_e)->lba_end)

/*
 * in-memory fdisk GPT stuff
 */
struct fdisk_gpt_label {
	struct fdisk_label	head;		/* generic part */

	/* gpt specific part */
	struct gpt_header	*pheader;	/* primary header */
	struct gpt_header	*bheader;	/* backup header */
	struct gpt_entry	*ents;		/* entries (partitions) */
};

static void gpt_deinit(struct fdisk_label *lb);
static struct fdisk_parttype *gpt_get_partition_type(struct fdisk_context *cxt, size_t i);

static inline struct fdisk_gpt_label *self_label(struct fdisk_context *cxt)
{
	return (struct fdisk_gpt_label *) cxt->label;
}

/*
 * Returns the partition length, or 0 if end is before beginning.
 */
static uint64_t gpt_partition_size(const struct gpt_entry *e)
{
	uint64_t start = gpt_partition_start(e);
	uint64_t end = gpt_partition_end(e);

	return start > end ? 0 : end - start + 1ULL;
}

#ifdef CONFIG_LIBFDISK_DEBUG
/* prints UUID in the real byte order! */
static void dbgprint_uuid(const char *mesg, struct gpt_guid *guid)
{
	const unsigned char *uuid = (unsigned char *) guid;

	fprintf(stderr, "%s: "
		"%02x%02x%02x%02x-%02x%02x-%02x%02x-%02x%02x-%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x\n",
		mesg,
		uuid[0], uuid[1], uuid[2], uuid[3],
		uuid[4], uuid[5],
		uuid[6], uuid[7],
		uuid[8], uuid[9],
		uuid[10], uuid[11], uuid[12], uuid[13], uuid[14],uuid[15]);
}
#endif

/*
 * UUID is traditionally 16 byte big-endian array, except Intel EFI
 * specification where the UUID is a structure of little-endian fields.
 */
static void swap_efi_guid(struct gpt_guid *uid)
{
	uid->time_low = swab32(uid->time_low);
	uid->time_mid = swab16(uid->time_mid);
	uid->time_hi_and_version = swab16(uid->time_hi_and_version);
}

static int string_to_guid(const char *in, struct gpt_guid *guid)
{
	if (uuid_parse(in, (unsigned char *) guid))	/* BE */
		return -1;
	swap_efi_guid(guid);				/* LE */
	return 0;
}

static char *guid_to_string(struct gpt_guid *guid, char *out)
{
	struct gpt_guid u = *guid;	/* LE */

	swap_efi_guid(&u);		/* BE */
	uuid_unparse_upper((unsigned char *) &u, out);

	return out;
}

static const char *gpt_get_header_revstr(struct gpt_header *header)
{
	if (!header)
		goto unknown;

	switch (header->revision) {
	case GPT_HEADER_REVISION_V1_02:
		return "1.2";
	case GPT_HEADER_REVISION_V1_00:
		return "1.0";
	case GPT_HEADER_REVISION_V0_99:
		return "0.99";
	default:
		goto unknown;
	}

unknown:
	return "unknown";
}

static inline int partition_unused(const struct gpt_entry *e)
{
	return !memcmp(&e->type, &GPT_UNUSED_ENTRY_GUID,
			sizeof(struct gpt_guid));
}

/*
 * Builds a clean new valid protective MBR - will wipe out any existing data.
 * Returns 0 on success, otherwise < 0 on error.
 */
static int gpt_mknew_pmbr(struct fdisk_context *cxt)
{
	struct gpt_legacy_mbr *pmbr = NULL;

	if (!cxt || !cxt->firstsector)
		return -ENOSYS;

	fdisk_zeroize_firstsector(cxt);

	pmbr = (struct gpt_legacy_mbr *) cxt->firstsector;

	pmbr->signature = cpu_to_le16(MSDOS_MBR_SIGNATURE);
	pmbr->partition_record[0].os_type      = EFI_PMBR_OSTYPE;
	pmbr->partition_record[0].start_sector = 1;
	pmbr->partition_record[0].end_head     = 0xFE;
	pmbr->partition_record[0].end_sector   = 0xFF;
	pmbr->partition_record[0].end_track    = 0xFF;
	pmbr->partition_record[0].starting_lba = cpu_to_le32(1);
	pmbr->partition_record[0].size_in_lba  =
		cpu_to_le32(min((uint32_t) cxt->total_sectors - 1, 0xFFFFFFFF));

	return 0;
}

/* some universal differences between the headers */
static void gpt_mknew_header_common(struct fdisk_context *cxt,
				    struct gpt_header *header, uint64_t lba)
{
	if (!cxt || !header)
		return;

	header->my_lba = cpu_to_le64(lba);

	if (lba == GPT_PRIMARY_PARTITION_TABLE_LBA) { /* primary */
		header->alternative_lba = cpu_to_le64(cxt->total_sectors - 1);
		header->partition_entry_lba = cpu_to_le64(2);
	} else { /* backup */
		uint64_t esz = le32_to_cpu(header->npartition_entries) * sizeof(struct gpt_entry);
		uint64_t esects = (esz + cxt->sector_size - 1) / cxt->sector_size;

		header->alternative_lba = cpu_to_le64(GPT_PRIMARY_PARTITION_TABLE_LBA);
		header->partition_entry_lba = cpu_to_le64(cxt->total_sectors - 1 - esects);
	}
}

/*
 * Builds a new GPT header (at sector lba) from a backup header2.
 * If building a primary header, then backup is the secondary, and vice versa.
 *
 * Always pass a new (zeroized) header to build upon as we don't
 * explicitly zero-set some values such as CRCs and reserved.
 *
 * Returns 0 on success, otherwise < 0 on error.
 */
static int gpt_mknew_header_from_bkp(struct fdisk_context *cxt,
				     struct gpt_header *header,
				     uint64_t lba,
				     struct gpt_header *header2)
{
	if (!cxt || !header || !header2)
		return -ENOSYS;

	header->signature              = header2->signature;
	header->revision               = header2->revision;
	header->size                   = header2->size;
	header->npartition_entries     = header2->npartition_entries;
	header->sizeof_partition_entry = header2->sizeof_partition_entry;
	header->first_usable_lba       = header2->first_usable_lba;
	header->last_usable_lba        = header2->last_usable_lba;

	memcpy(&header->disk_guid,
	       &header2->disk_guid, sizeof(header2->disk_guid));
	gpt_mknew_header_common(cxt, header, lba);

	return 0;
}

/*
 * Builds a clean new GPT header (currently under revision 1.0).
 *
 * Always pass a new (zeroized) header to build upon as we don't
 * explicitly zero-set some values such as CRCs and reserved.
 *
 * Returns 0 on success, otherwise < 0 on error.
 */
static int gpt_mknew_header(struct fdisk_context *cxt,
			    struct gpt_header *header, uint64_t lba)
{
	uint64_t esz = 0, first, last;

	if (!cxt || !header)
		return -ENOSYS;

	esz = sizeof(struct gpt_entry) * GPT_NPARTITIONS / cxt->sector_size;

	header->signature = cpu_to_le64(GPT_HEADER_SIGNATURE);
	header->revision  = cpu_to_le32(GPT_HEADER_REVISION_V1_00);
	header->size      = cpu_to_le32(sizeof(struct gpt_header));

	/*
	 * 128 partitions is the default. It can go behond this, however,
	 * we're creating a de facto header here, so no funny business.
	 */
	header->npartition_entries     = cpu_to_le32(GPT_NPARTITIONS);
	header->sizeof_partition_entry = cpu_to_le32(sizeof(struct gpt_entry));

	last = cxt->total_sectors - 2 - esz;
	first = esz + 2;

	if (first < cxt->first_lba && cxt->first_lba < last)
		/* Align according to topology */
		first = cxt->first_lba;

	header->first_usable_lba = cpu_to_le64(first);
	header->last_usable_lba  = cpu_to_le64(last);

	gpt_mknew_header_common(cxt, header, lba);
	uuid_generate_random((unsigned char *) &header->disk_guid);
	swap_efi_guid(&header->disk_guid);

	return 0;
}

/*
 * Checks if there is a valid protective MBR partition table.
 * Returns 0 if it is invalid or failure. Otherwise, return
 * GPT_MBR_PROTECTIVE or GPT_MBR_HYBRID, depeding on the detection.
 */
static int valid_pmbr(struct fdisk_context *cxt)
{
	int i, part = 0, ret = 0; /* invalid by default */
	struct gpt_legacy_mbr *pmbr = NULL;
	uint32_t sz_lba = 0;

	if (!cxt->firstsector)
		goto done;

	pmbr = (struct gpt_legacy_mbr *) cxt->firstsector;

	if (le16_to_cpu(pmbr->signature) != MSDOS_MBR_SIGNATURE)
		goto done;

	/* LBA of the GPT partition header */
	if (pmbr->partition_record[0].starting_lba !=
	    cpu_to_le32(GPT_PRIMARY_PARTITION_TABLE_LBA))
		goto done;

	/* seems like a valid MBR was found, check DOS primary partitions */
	for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
		if (pmbr->partition_record[i].os_type == EFI_PMBR_OSTYPE) {
			/*
			 * Ok, we at least know that there's a protective MBR,
			 * now check if there are other partition types for
			 * hybrid MBR.
			 */
			part = i;
			ret = GPT_MBR_PROTECTIVE;
			goto check_hybrid;
		}
	}

	if (ret != GPT_MBR_PROTECTIVE)
		goto done;
check_hybrid:
	for (i = 0 ; i < 4; i++) {
		if ((pmbr->partition_record[i].os_type != EFI_PMBR_OSTYPE) &&
		    (pmbr->partition_record[i].os_type != 0x00))
			ret = GPT_MBR_HYBRID;
	}

	/*
	 * Protective MBRs take up the lesser of the whole disk
	 * or 2 TiB (32bit LBA), ignoring the rest of the disk.
	 * Some partitioning programs, nonetheless, choose to set
	 * the size to the maximum 32-bit limitation, disregarding
	 * the disk size.
	 *
	 * Hybrid MBRs do not necessarily comply with this.
	 *
	 * Consider a bad value here to be a warning to support dd-ing
	 * an image from a smaller disk to a bigger disk.
	 */
	if (ret == GPT_MBR_PROTECTIVE) {
		sz_lba = le32_to_cpu(pmbr->partition_record[part].size_in_lba);
		if (sz_lba != (uint32_t) cxt->total_sectors - 1 && sz_lba != 0xFFFFFFFF) {
			fdisk_warnx(cxt, _("GPT PMBR size mismatch (%u != %u) "
					   "will be corrected by w(rite)."),
					sz_lba,
					(uint32_t) cxt->total_sectors - 1);
			fdisk_label_set_changed(cxt->label, 1);
		}
	}
done:
	return ret;
}

static uint64_t last_lba(struct fdisk_context *cxt)
{
	struct stat s;

	memset(&s, 0, sizeof(s));
	if (fstat(cxt->dev_fd, &s) == -1) {
		fdisk_warn(cxt, _("gpt: stat() failed"));
		return 0;
	}

	if (S_ISBLK(s.st_mode))
		return cxt->total_sectors - 1;
	else if (S_ISREG(s.st_mode)) {
		uint64_t sectors = s.st_size >> cxt->sector_size;
		return (sectors / cxt->sector_size) - 1ULL;
	} else
		fdisk_warnx(cxt, _("gpt: cannot handle files with mode %o"), s.st_mode);
	return 0;
}

static ssize_t read_lba(struct fdisk_context *cxt, uint64_t lba,
			void *buffer, const size_t bytes)
{
	off_t offset = lba * cxt->sector_size;

	if (lseek(cxt->dev_fd, offset, SEEK_SET) == (off_t) -1)
		return -1;
	return read(cxt->dev_fd, buffer, bytes) != bytes;
}


/* Returns the GPT entry array */
static struct gpt_entry *gpt_read_entries(struct fdisk_context *cxt,
					 struct gpt_header *header)
{
	ssize_t sz;
	struct gpt_entry *ret = NULL;
	off_t offset;

	assert(cxt);
	assert(header);

	sz = le32_to_cpu(header->npartition_entries) *
	     le32_to_cpu(header->sizeof_partition_entry);

	ret = calloc(1, sz);
	if (!ret)
		return NULL;
	offset = le64_to_cpu(header->partition_entry_lba) *
		       cxt->sector_size;

	if (offset != lseek(cxt->dev_fd, offset, SEEK_SET))
		goto fail;
	if (sz != read(cxt->dev_fd, ret, sz))
		goto fail;

	return ret;

fail:
	free(ret);
	return NULL;
}

static inline uint32_t count_crc32(const unsigned char *buf, size_t len)
{
	return (crc32(~0L, buf, len) ^ ~0L);
}

/*
 * Recompute header and partition array 32bit CRC checksums.
 * This function does not fail - if there's corruption, then it
 * will be reported when checksuming it again (ie: probing or verify).
 */
static void gpt_recompute_crc(struct gpt_header *header, struct gpt_entry *ents)
{
	uint32_t crc = 0;
	size_t entry_sz = 0;

	if (!header)
		return;

	/* header CRC */
	header->crc32 = 0;
	crc = count_crc32((unsigned char *) header, le32_to_cpu(header->size));
	header->crc32 = cpu_to_le32(crc);

	/* partition entry array CRC */
	header->partition_entry_array_crc32 = 0;
	entry_sz = le32_to_cpu(header->npartition_entries) *
		le32_to_cpu(header->sizeof_partition_entry);

	crc = count_crc32((unsigned char *) ents, entry_sz);
	header->partition_entry_array_crc32 = cpu_to_le32(crc);
}

/*
 * Compute the 32bit CRC checksum of the partition table header.
 * Returns 1 if it is valid, otherwise 0.
 */
static int gpt_check_header_crc(struct gpt_header *header, struct gpt_entry *ents)
{
	uint32_t crc, orgcrc = le32_to_cpu(header->crc32);

	header->crc32 = 0;
	crc = count_crc32((unsigned char *) header, le32_to_cpu(header->size));
	header->crc32 = cpu_to_le32(orgcrc);

	if (crc == le32_to_cpu(header->crc32))
		return 1;

	/*
	 * If we have checksum mismatch it may be due to stale data,
	 * like a partition being added or deleted. Recompute the CRC again
	 * and make sure this is not the case.
	 */
	if (ents) {
		gpt_recompute_crc(header, ents);
		orgcrc = le32_to_cpu(header->crc32);
		header->crc32 = 0;
		crc = count_crc32((unsigned char *) header, le32_to_cpu(header->size));
		header->crc32 = cpu_to_le32(orgcrc);

		return crc == le32_to_cpu(header->crc32);
	}

	return 0;
}

/*
 * It initializes the partition entry array.
 * Returns 1 if the checksum is valid, otherwise 0.
 */
static int gpt_check_entryarr_crc(struct gpt_header *header,
				  struct gpt_entry *ents)
{
	int ret = 0;
	ssize_t entry_sz;
	uint32_t crc;

	if (!header || !ents)
		goto done;

	entry_sz = le32_to_cpu(header->npartition_entries) *
		   le32_to_cpu(header->sizeof_partition_entry);

	if (!entry_sz)
		goto done;

	crc = count_crc32((unsigned char *) ents, entry_sz);
	ret = (crc == le32_to_cpu(header->partition_entry_array_crc32));
done:
	return ret;
}

static int gpt_check_lba_sanity(struct fdisk_context *cxt, struct gpt_header *header)
{
	int ret = 0;
	uint64_t lu, fu, lastlba = last_lba(cxt);

	fu = le64_to_cpu(header->first_usable_lba);
	lu = le64_to_cpu(header->last_usable_lba);

	/* check if first and last usable LBA make sense */
	if (lu < fu) {
		DBG(LABEL, dbgprint("error: header last LBA is before first LBA"));
		goto done;
	}

	/* check if first and last usable LBAs with the disk's last LBA */
	if (fu > lastlba || lu > lastlba) {
		DBG(LABEL, dbgprint("error: header LBAs are after the disk's last LBA"));
		goto done;
	}

	/* the header has to be outside usable range */
	if (fu < GPT_PRIMARY_PARTITION_TABLE_LBA &&
	    GPT_PRIMARY_PARTITION_TABLE_LBA < lu) {
		DBG(LABEL, dbgprint("error: header outside of usable range"));
		goto done;
	}

	ret = 1; /* sane */
done:
	return ret;
}

/* Check if there is a valid header signature */
static int gpt_check_signature(struct gpt_header *header)
{
	return header->signature == cpu_to_le64(GPT_HEADER_SIGNATURE);
}

/*
 * Return the specified GPT Header, or NULL upon failure/invalid.
 * Note that all tests must pass to ensure a valid header,
 * we do not rely on only testing the signature for a valid probe.
 */
static struct gpt_header *gpt_read_header(struct fdisk_context *cxt,
					  uint64_t lba,
					  struct gpt_entry **_ents)
{
	struct gpt_header *header = NULL;
	struct gpt_entry *ents = NULL;
	uint32_t hsz;

	if (!cxt)
		return NULL;

	header = calloc(1, sizeof(*header));
	if (!header)
		return NULL;

	/* read and verify header */
	if (read_lba(cxt, lba, header, sizeof(struct gpt_header)) != 0)
		goto invalid;

	if (!gpt_check_signature(header))
		goto invalid;

	if (!gpt_check_header_crc(header, NULL))
		goto invalid;

	/* read and verify entries */
	ents = gpt_read_entries(cxt, header);
	if (!ents)
		goto invalid;

	if (!gpt_check_entryarr_crc(header, ents))
		goto invalid;

	if (!gpt_check_lba_sanity(cxt, header))
		goto invalid;

	/* valid header must be at MyLBA */
	if (le64_to_cpu(header->my_lba) != lba)
		goto invalid;

	/* make sure header size is between 92 and sector size bytes */
	hsz = le32_to_cpu(header->size);
	if (hsz < GPT_HEADER_MINSZ || hsz > cxt->sector_size)
		goto invalid;

	if (_ents)
		*_ents = ents;
	else
		free(ents);

	return header;
invalid:
	free(header);
	free(ents);
	return NULL;
}


static int gpt_locate_disklabel(struct fdisk_context *cxt, int n,
		const char **name, off_t *offset, size_t *size)
{
	struct fdisk_gpt_label *gpt;

	assert(cxt);

	*name = NULL;
	*offset = 0;
	*size = 0;

	switch (n) {
	case 0:
		*name = "PMBR";
		*offset = 0;
		*size = 512;
		break;
	case 1:
		*name = _("GPT Header");
		*offset = GPT_PRIMARY_PARTITION_TABLE_LBA * cxt->sector_size;
		*size = sizeof(struct gpt_header);
		break;
	case 2:
		*name = _("GPT Entries");
		gpt = self_label(cxt);
		*offset = le64_to_cpu(gpt->pheader->partition_entry_lba) * cxt->sector_size;
		*size = le32_to_cpu(gpt->pheader->npartition_entries) *
			 le32_to_cpu(gpt->pheader->sizeof_partition_entry);
		break;
	default:
		return 1;			/* no more chunks */
	}

	return 0;
}



/*
 * Returns the number of partitions that are in use.
 */
static unsigned partitions_in_use(struct gpt_header *header, struct gpt_entry *e)
{
	uint32_t i, used = 0;

	if (!header || ! e)
		return 0;

	for (i = 0; i < le32_to_cpu(header->npartition_entries); i++)
		if (!partition_unused(&e[i]))
			used++;
	return used;
}


/*
 * Check if a partition is too big for the disk (sectors).
 * Returns the faulting partition number, otherwise 0.
 */
static uint32_t partition_check_too_big(struct gpt_header *header,
				   struct gpt_entry *e, uint64_t sectors)
{
	uint32_t i;

	for (i = 0; i < le32_to_cpu(header->npartition_entries); i++) {
		if (partition_unused(&e[i]))
			continue;
		if (gpt_partition_end(&e[i]) >= sectors)
			return i + 1;
	}

	return 0;
}

/*
 * Check if a partition ends before it begins
 * Returns the faulting partition number, otherwise 0.
 */
static uint32_t partition_start_after_end(struct gpt_header *header, struct gpt_entry *e)
{
	uint32_t i;

	for (i = 0; i < le32_to_cpu(header->npartition_entries); i++) {
		if (partition_unused(&e[i]))
			continue;
		if (gpt_partition_start(&e[i]) > gpt_partition_end(&e[i]))
			return i + 1;
	}

	return 0;
}

/*
 * Check if partition e1 overlaps with partition e2
 */
static inline int partition_overlap(struct gpt_entry *e1, struct gpt_entry *e2)
{
	uint64_t start1 = gpt_partition_start(e1);
	uint64_t end1   = gpt_partition_end(e1);
	uint64_t start2 = gpt_partition_start(e2);
	uint64_t end2   = gpt_partition_end(e2);

	return (start1 && start2 && (start1 <= end2) != (end1 < start2));
}

/*
 * Find any paritions that overlap.
 */
static uint32_t partition_check_overlaps(struct gpt_header *header, struct gpt_entry *e)
{
	uint32_t i, j;

	for (i = 0; i < le32_to_cpu(header->npartition_entries); i++)
		for (j = 0; j < i; j++) {
			if (partition_unused(&e[i]) ||
			    partition_unused(&e[j]))
				continue;
			if (partition_overlap(&e[i], &e[j])) {
				DBG(LABEL, dbgprint("GPT partitions overlap detected [%u vs. %u]", i, j));
				return i + 1;
			}
		}

	return 0;
}

/*
 * Find the first available block after the starting point; returns 0 if
 * there are no available blocks left, or error. From gdisk.
 */
static uint64_t find_first_available(struct gpt_header *header,
				     struct gpt_entry *e, uint64_t start)
{
	uint64_t first;
	uint32_t i, first_moved = 0;

	uint64_t fu, lu;

	if (!header || !e)
		return 0;

	fu = le64_to_cpu(header->first_usable_lba);
	lu = le64_to_cpu(header->last_usable_lba);

	/*
	 * Begin from the specified starting point or from the first usable
	 * LBA, whichever is greater...
	 */
	first = start < fu ? fu : start;

	/*
	 * Now search through all partitions; if first is within an
	 * existing partition, move it to the next sector after that
	 * partition and repeat. If first was moved, set firstMoved
	 * flag; repeat until firstMoved is not set, so as to catch
	 * cases where partitions are out of sequential order....
	 */
	do {
		first_moved = 0;
		for (i = 0; i < le32_to_cpu(header->npartition_entries); i++) {
			if (partition_unused(&e[i]))
				continue;
			if (first < gpt_partition_start(&e[i]))
				continue;
			if (first <= gpt_partition_end(&e[i])) {
				first = gpt_partition_end(&e[i]) + 1;
				first_moved = 1;
			}
		}
	} while (first_moved == 1);

	if (first > lu)
		first = 0;

	return first;
}


/* Returns last available sector in the free space pointed to by start. From gdisk. */
static uint64_t find_last_free(struct gpt_header *header,
			       struct gpt_entry *e, uint64_t start)
{
	uint32_t i;
	uint64_t nearest_start;

	if (!header || !e)
		return 0;

	nearest_start = le64_to_cpu(header->last_usable_lba);

	for (i = 0; i < le32_to_cpu(header->npartition_entries); i++) {
		uint64_t ps = gpt_partition_start(&e[i]);

		if (nearest_start > ps && ps > start)
			nearest_start = ps - 1;
	}

	return nearest_start;
}

/* Returns the last free sector on the disk. From gdisk. */
static uint64_t find_last_free_sector(struct gpt_header *header,
				      struct gpt_entry *e)
{
	uint32_t i, last_moved;
	uint64_t last = 0;

	if (!header || !e)
		goto done;

	/* start by assuming the last usable LBA is available */
	last = le64_to_cpu(header->last_usable_lba);
	do {
		last_moved = 0;
		for (i = 0; i < le32_to_cpu(header->npartition_entries); i++) {
			if ((last >= gpt_partition_start(&e[i])) &&
			    (last <= gpt_partition_end(&e[i]))) {
				last = gpt_partition_start(&e[i]) - 1;
				last_moved = 1;
			}
		}
	} while (last_moved == 1);
done:
	return last;
}

/*
 * Finds the first available sector in the largest block of unallocated
 * space on the disk. Returns 0 if there are no available blocks left.
 * From gdisk.
 */
static uint64_t find_first_in_largest(struct gpt_header *header, struct gpt_entry *e)
{
	uint64_t start = 0, first_sect, last_sect;
	uint64_t segment_size, selected_size = 0, selected_segment = 0;

	if (!header || !e)
		goto done;

	do {
		first_sect =  find_first_available(header, e, start);
		if (first_sect != 0) {
			last_sect = find_last_free(header, e, first_sect);
			segment_size = last_sect - first_sect + 1;

			if (segment_size > selected_size) {
				selected_size = segment_size;
				selected_segment = first_sect;
			}
			start = last_sect + 1;
		}
	} while (first_sect != 0);

done:
	return selected_segment;
}

/*
 * Find the total number of free sectors, the number of segments in which
 * they reside, and the size of the largest of those segments. From gdisk.
 */
static uint64_t get_free_sectors(struct fdisk_context *cxt, struct gpt_header *header,
				 struct gpt_entry *e, uint32_t *nsegments,
				 uint64_t *largest_segment)
{
	uint32_t num = 0;
	uint64_t first_sect, last_sect;
	uint64_t largest_seg = 0, segment_sz;
	uint64_t totfound = 0, start = 0; /* starting point for each search */

	if (!cxt->total_sectors)
		goto done;

	do {
		first_sect = find_first_available(header, e, start);
		if (first_sect) {
			last_sect = find_last_free(header, e, first_sect);
			segment_sz = last_sect - first_sect + 1;

			if (segment_sz > largest_seg)
				largest_seg = segment_sz;
			totfound += segment_sz;
			num++;
			start = last_sect + 1;
		}
	} while (first_sect);

done:
	if (nsegments)
		*nsegments = num;
	if (largest_segment)
		*largest_segment = largest_seg;

	return totfound;
}

static int gpt_probe_label(struct fdisk_context *cxt)
{
	int mbr_type;
	struct fdisk_gpt_label *gpt;

	assert(cxt);
	assert(cxt->label);
	assert(fdisk_is_disklabel(cxt, GPT));

	gpt = self_label(cxt);

	mbr_type = valid_pmbr(cxt);
	if (!mbr_type)
		goto failed;

	DBG(LABEL, dbgprint("found a %s MBR", mbr_type == GPT_MBR_PROTECTIVE ?
			    "protective" : "hybrid"));

	/* primary header */
	gpt->pheader = gpt_read_header(cxt, GPT_PRIMARY_PARTITION_TABLE_LBA,
				       &gpt->ents);

	/*
	 * TODO: If the primary GPT is corrupt, we must check the last LBA of the
	 * device to see if it has a valid GPT Header and point to a valid GPT
	 * Partition Entry Array.
	 * If it points to a valid GPT Partition Entry Array, then software should
	 * restore the primary GPT if allowed by platform policy settings.
	 *
	 * For now we just abort GPT probing!
	 */
	if (!gpt->pheader || !gpt->ents)
		goto failed;

	/* OK, probing passed, now initialize backup header and fdisk variables. */
	gpt->bheader = gpt_read_header(cxt, last_lba(cxt), NULL);

	cxt->label->nparts_max = le32_to_cpu(gpt->pheader->npartition_entries);
	cxt->label->nparts_cur = partitions_in_use(gpt->pheader, gpt->ents);
	return 1;
failed:
	DBG(LABEL, dbgprint("GPT probe failed"));
	gpt_deinit(cxt->label);
	return 0;
}

/*
 * Stolen from libblkid - can be removed once partition semantics
 * are added to the fdisk API.
 */
static char *encode_to_utf8(unsigned char *src, size_t count)
{
	uint16_t c;
	char *dest;
	size_t i, j, len = count;

	dest = calloc(1, count);
	if (!dest)
		return NULL;

	for (j = i = 0; i + 2 <= count; i += 2) {
		/* always little endian */
		c = (src[i+1] << 8) | src[i];
		if (c == 0) {
			dest[j] = '\0';
			break;
		} else if (c < 0x80) {
			if (j+1 >= len)
				break;
			dest[j++] = (uint8_t) c;
		} else if (c < 0x800) {
			if (j+2 >= len)
				break;
			dest[j++] = (uint8_t) (0xc0 | (c >> 6));
			dest[j++] = (uint8_t) (0x80 | (c & 0x3f));
		} else {
			if (j+3 >= len)
				break;
			dest[j++] = (uint8_t) (0xe0 | (c >> 12));
			dest[j++] = (uint8_t) (0x80 | ((c >> 6) & 0x3f));
			dest[j++] = (uint8_t) (0x80 | (c & 0x3f));
		}
	}
	dest[j] = '\0';

	return dest;
}

/*
 * List label partitions.
 * This function must currently exist to comply with standard fdisk
 * requirements, but once partition semantics are added to the fdisk
 * API it can be removed for custom implementation (see gpt_label struct).
 */
static int gpt_list_disklabel(struct fdisk_context *cxt)
{
	int rc, trunc = TT_FL_TRUNC;
	uint32_t i;
	struct fdisk_gpt_label *gpt;
	struct gpt_header *h;
	uint64_t fu;
	uint64_t lu;
	struct tt *tb = NULL;

	assert(cxt);
	assert(cxt->label);
	assert(fdisk_is_disklabel(cxt, GPT));

	gpt = self_label(cxt);
	h = gpt->pheader;
	fu = le64_to_cpu(gpt->pheader->first_usable_lba);
	lu = le64_to_cpu(gpt->pheader->last_usable_lba);

	tb = tt_new_table(TT_FL_FREEDATA);
	if (!tb)
		return -ENOMEM;

	/* don't trunc anything in expert mode */
	if (fdisk_context_display_details(cxt)) {
		trunc = 0;
		fdisk_colon(cxt, _("First LBA: %ju"), h->first_usable_lba);
		fdisk_colon(cxt, _("Last LBA: %ju"), h->last_usable_lba);
		fdisk_colon(cxt, _("Alternative LBA: %ju"), h->alternative_lba);
		fdisk_colon(cxt, _("Partitions entries LBA: %ju"), h->partition_entry_lba);
		fdisk_colon(cxt, _("Allocated partition entries: %u"), h->npartition_entries);
	}
	tt_define_column(tb, _("Device"), 0.1, 0);
	tt_define_column(tb, _("Start"),   12, TT_FL_RIGHT);
	tt_define_column(tb, _("End"),     12, TT_FL_RIGHT);
	tt_define_column(tb, _("Size"),     6, TT_FL_RIGHT);
	tt_define_column(tb, _("Type"),   0.1, trunc);

	if (fdisk_context_display_details(cxt)) {
		tt_define_column(tb, _("UUID"),  36, 0);
		tt_define_column(tb, _("Name"), 0.2, trunc);
	}

	for (i = 0; i < le32_to_cpu(h->npartition_entries); i++) {
		struct gpt_entry *e = &gpt->ents[i];
		char *sizestr = NULL, *p;
		uint64_t start = gpt_partition_start(e);
		uint64_t size = gpt_partition_size(e);
		struct fdisk_parttype *t;
		struct tt_line *ln;
		char u_str[37];

		if (partition_unused(&gpt->ents[i]) || start == 0)
			continue;
		/* the partition has to inside usable range */
		if (start < fu || start + size - 1 > lu)
			continue;
		ln = tt_add_line(tb, NULL);
		if (!ln)
			continue;

		if (fdisk_context_display_details(cxt) &&
		    asprintf(&p, "%ju", size * cxt->sector_size) > 0)
			sizestr = p;
		else
			sizestr = size_to_human_string(SIZE_SUFFIX_1LETTER,
					       size * cxt->sector_size);
		t = fdisk_get_partition_type(cxt, i);

		/* basic columns */
		p = fdisk_partname(cxt->dev_path, i + 1);
		if (p)
			tt_line_set_data(ln, 0, p);
		if (asprintf(&p, "%ju", start) > 0)
			tt_line_set_data(ln, 1, p);
		if (asprintf(&p, "%ju", gpt_partition_end(e)) > 0)
			tt_line_set_data(ln, 2, p);
		if (sizestr)
			tt_line_set_data(ln, 3, sizestr);
		if (t && t->name)
			tt_line_set_data(ln, 4, strdup(t->name));

		/* expert menu column(s) */
		if (fdisk_context_display_details(cxt)) {
			char *name = encode_to_utf8(
					(unsigned char *)e->name,
					sizeof(e->name));

			if (guid_to_string(&e->partition_guid, u_str))
				tt_line_set_data(ln, 5, strdup(u_str));
			if (name)
				tt_line_set_data(ln, 6, name);
		}

		fdisk_warn_alignment(cxt, start, i);
		fdisk_free_parttype(t);
	}

	rc = fdisk_print_table(cxt, tb);
	tt_free_table(tb);

	return rc;
}

/*
 * Write partitions.
 * Returns 0 on success, or corresponding error otherwise.
 */
static int gpt_write_partitions(struct fdisk_context *cxt,
				struct gpt_header *header, struct gpt_entry *ents)
{
	off_t offset = le64_to_cpu(header->partition_entry_lba) * cxt->sector_size;
	uint32_t nparts = le32_to_cpu(header->npartition_entries);
	uint32_t totwrite = nparts * le32_to_cpu(header->sizeof_partition_entry);
	ssize_t rc;

	if (offset != lseek(cxt->dev_fd, offset, SEEK_SET))
		goto fail;

	rc = write(cxt->dev_fd, ents, totwrite);
	if (rc > 0 && totwrite == (uint32_t) rc)
		return 0;
fail:
	return -errno;
}

/*
 * Write a GPT header to a specified LBA
 * Returns 0 on success, or corresponding error otherwise.
 */
static int gpt_write_header(struct fdisk_context *cxt,
			    struct gpt_header *header, uint64_t lba)
{
	off_t offset = lba * cxt->sector_size;

	if (offset != lseek(cxt->dev_fd, offset, SEEK_SET))
		goto fail;
	if (cxt->sector_size ==
	    (size_t) write(cxt->dev_fd, header, cxt->sector_size))
		return 0;
fail:
	return -errno;
}

/*
 * Write the protective MBR.
 * Returns 0 on success, or corresponding error otherwise.
 */
static int gpt_write_pmbr(struct fdisk_context *cxt)
{
	off_t offset;
	struct gpt_legacy_mbr *pmbr = NULL;

	assert(cxt);
	assert(cxt->firstsector);

	pmbr = (struct gpt_legacy_mbr *) cxt->firstsector;

	/* zero out the legacy partitions */
	memset(pmbr->partition_record, 0, sizeof(pmbr->partition_record));

	pmbr->signature = cpu_to_le16(MSDOS_MBR_SIGNATURE);
	pmbr->partition_record[0].os_type      = EFI_PMBR_OSTYPE;
	pmbr->partition_record[0].start_sector = 1;
	pmbr->partition_record[0].end_head     = 0xFE;
	pmbr->partition_record[0].end_sector   = 0xFF;
	pmbr->partition_record[0].end_track    = 0xFF;
	pmbr->partition_record[0].starting_lba = cpu_to_le32(1);

	/*
	 * Set size_in_lba to the size of the disk minus one. If the size of the disk
	 * is too large to be represented by a 32bit LBA (2Tb), set it to 0xFFFFFFFF.
	 */
	if (cxt->total_sectors - 1 > 0xFFFFFFFFULL)
		pmbr->partition_record[0].size_in_lba = cpu_to_le32(0xFFFFFFFF);
	else
		pmbr->partition_record[0].size_in_lba =
			cpu_to_le32(cxt->total_sectors - 1UL);

	offset = GPT_PMBR_LBA * cxt->sector_size;
	if (offset != lseek(cxt->dev_fd, offset, SEEK_SET))
		goto fail;

	/* pMBR covers the first sector (LBA) of the disk */
	if (write_all(cxt->dev_fd, pmbr, cxt->sector_size))
		goto fail;
	return 0;
fail:
	return -errno;
}

/*
 * Writes in-memory GPT and pMBR data to disk.
 * Returns 0 if successful write, otherwise, a corresponding error.
 * Any indication of error will abort the operation.
 */
static int gpt_write_disklabel(struct fdisk_context *cxt)
{
	struct fdisk_gpt_label *gpt;

	assert(cxt);
	assert(cxt->label);
	assert(fdisk_is_disklabel(cxt, GPT));

	gpt = self_label(cxt);

	/* we do not want to mess up hybrid MBRs by creating a valid pmbr */
	if (valid_pmbr(cxt) == GPT_MBR_HYBRID)
		goto err0;

	/* check that disk is big enough to handle the backup header */
	if (le64_to_cpu(gpt->pheader->alternative_lba) > cxt->total_sectors)
		goto err0;

	/* check that the backup header is properly placed */
	if (le64_to_cpu(gpt->pheader->alternative_lba) < cxt->total_sectors - 1)
		/* TODO: correct this (with user authorization) and write */
		goto err0;

	if (partition_check_overlaps(gpt->pheader, gpt->ents))
		goto err0;

	/* recompute CRCs for both headers */
	gpt_recompute_crc(gpt->pheader, gpt->ents);
	gpt_recompute_crc(gpt->bheader, gpt->ents);

	/*
	 * UEFI requires writing in this specific order:
	 *   1) backup partition tables
	 *   2) backup GPT header
	 *   3) primary partition tables
	 *   4) primary GPT header
	 *   5) protective MBR
	 *
	 * If any write fails, we abort the rest.
	 */
	if (gpt_write_partitions(cxt, gpt->bheader, gpt->ents) != 0)
		goto err1;
	if (gpt_write_header(cxt, gpt->bheader,
			     le64_to_cpu(gpt->pheader->alternative_lba)) != 0)
		goto err1;
	if (gpt_write_partitions(cxt, gpt->pheader, gpt->ents) != 0)
		goto err1;
	if (gpt_write_header(cxt, gpt->pheader, GPT_PRIMARY_PARTITION_TABLE_LBA) != 0)
		goto err1;
	if (gpt_write_pmbr(cxt) != 0)
		goto err1;

	DBG(LABEL, dbgprint("GPT write success"));
	return 0;
err0:
	DBG(LABEL, dbgprint("GPT write failed: incorrect input"));
	errno = EINVAL;
	return -EINVAL;
err1:
	DBG(LABEL, dbgprint("GPT write failed: %m"));
	return -errno;
}

/*
 * Verify data integrity and report any found problems for:
 *   - primary and backup header validations
 *   - paritition validations
 */
static int gpt_verify_disklabel(struct fdisk_context *cxt)
{
	int nerror = 0;
	unsigned int ptnum;
	struct fdisk_gpt_label *gpt;

	assert(cxt);
	assert(cxt->label);
	assert(fdisk_is_disklabel(cxt, GPT));

	gpt = self_label(cxt);

	if (!gpt || !gpt->bheader) {
		nerror++;
		fdisk_warnx(cxt, _("Disk does not contain a valid backup header."));
	}

	if (!gpt_check_header_crc(gpt->pheader, gpt->ents)) {
		nerror++;
		fdisk_warnx(cxt, _("Invalid primary header CRC checksum."));
	}
	if (gpt->bheader && !gpt_check_header_crc(gpt->bheader, gpt->ents)) {
		nerror++;
		fdisk_warnx(cxt, _("Invalid backup header CRC checksum."));
	}

	if (!gpt_check_entryarr_crc(gpt->pheader, gpt->ents)) {
		nerror++;
		fdisk_warnx(cxt, _("Invalid partition entry checksum."));
	}

	if (!gpt_check_lba_sanity(cxt, gpt->pheader)) {
		nerror++;
		fdisk_warnx(cxt, _("Invalid primary header LBA sanity checks."));
	}
	if (gpt->bheader && !gpt_check_lba_sanity(cxt, gpt->bheader)) {
		nerror++;
		fdisk_warnx(cxt, _("Invalid backup header LBA sanity checks."));
	}

	if (le64_to_cpu(gpt->pheader->my_lba) != GPT_PRIMARY_PARTITION_TABLE_LBA) {
		nerror++;
		fdisk_warnx(cxt, _("MyLBA mismatch with real position at primary header."));
	}
	if (gpt->bheader && le64_to_cpu(gpt->bheader->my_lba) != last_lba(cxt)) {
		nerror++;
		fdisk_warnx(cxt, _("MyLBA mismatch with real position at backup header."));

	}
	if (le64_to_cpu(gpt->pheader->alternative_lba) >= cxt->total_sectors) {
		nerror++;
		fdisk_warnx(cxt, _("Disk is too small to hold all data."));
	}

	/*
	 * if the GPT is the primary table, check the alternateLBA
	 * to see if it is a valid GPT
	 */
	if (gpt->bheader && (le64_to_cpu(gpt->pheader->my_lba) !=
			     le64_to_cpu(gpt->bheader->alternative_lba))) {
		nerror++;
		fdisk_warnx(cxt, _("Primary and backup header mismatch."));
	}

	ptnum = partition_check_overlaps(gpt->pheader, gpt->ents);
	if (ptnum) {
		nerror++;
		fdisk_warnx(cxt, _("Partition %u overlaps with partition %u."),
				ptnum, ptnum+1);
	}

	ptnum = partition_check_too_big(gpt->pheader, gpt->ents, cxt->total_sectors);
	if (ptnum) {
		nerror++;
		fdisk_warnx(cxt, _("Partition %u is too big for the disk."),
				ptnum);
	}

	ptnum = partition_start_after_end(gpt->pheader, gpt->ents);
	if (ptnum) {
		nerror++;
		fdisk_warnx(cxt, _("Partition %u ends before it starts."),
				ptnum);
	}

	if (!nerror) { /* yay :-) */
		uint32_t nsegments = 0;
		uint64_t free_sectors = 0, largest_segment = 0;

		fdisk_info(cxt, _("No errors detected."));
		fdisk_info(cxt, _("Header version: %s"), gpt_get_header_revstr(gpt->pheader));
		fdisk_info(cxt, _("Using %u out of %d partitions."),
		       partitions_in_use(gpt->pheader, gpt->ents),
		       le32_to_cpu(gpt->pheader->npartition_entries));

		free_sectors = get_free_sectors(cxt, gpt->pheader, gpt->ents,
						&nsegments, &largest_segment);
		fdisk_info(cxt,
			   P_("A total of %ju free sectors is available in %u segment.",
			      "A total of %ju free sectors is available in %u segments "
			      "(the largest is %ju).", nsegments),
			   free_sectors, nsegments, largest_segment);
	} else
		fdisk_warnx(cxt,
			P_("%d error detected.", "%d errors detected.", nerror),
			nerror);

	return 0;
}

/* Delete a single GPT partition, specified by partnum. */
static int gpt_delete_partition(struct fdisk_context *cxt,
				size_t partnum)
{
	struct fdisk_gpt_label *gpt;

	assert(cxt);
	assert(cxt->label);
	assert(fdisk_is_disklabel(cxt, GPT));

	gpt = self_label(cxt);

	if (partnum >= cxt->label->nparts_max
	    ||  partition_unused(&gpt->ents[partnum]))
		return -EINVAL;

	/* hasta la vista, baby! */
	memset(&gpt->ents[partnum], 0, sizeof(struct gpt_entry));
	if (!partition_unused(&gpt->ents[partnum]))
		return -EINVAL;
	else {
		gpt_recompute_crc(gpt->pheader, gpt->ents);
		gpt_recompute_crc(gpt->bheader, gpt->ents);
		cxt->label->nparts_cur--;
		fdisk_label_set_changed(cxt->label, 1);
	}

	return 0;
}

static void gpt_entry_set_type(struct gpt_entry *e, struct gpt_guid *uuid)
{
	e->type = *uuid;
	DBG(LABEL, dbgprint_uuid("new type", &(e->type)));
}

/*
 * Create a new GPT partition entry, specified by partnum, and with a range
 * of fsect to lsenct sectors, of type t.
 * Returns 0 on success, or negative upon failure.
 */
static int gpt_create_new_partition(struct fdisk_context *cxt,
				    size_t partnum, uint64_t fsect, uint64_t lsect,
				    struct gpt_guid *type,
				    struct gpt_entry *entries)
{
	struct gpt_entry *e = NULL;
	struct fdisk_gpt_label *gpt;

	assert(cxt);
	assert(cxt->label);
	assert(fdisk_is_disklabel(cxt, GPT));

	gpt = self_label(cxt);

	if (fsect > lsect || partnum >= cxt->label->nparts_max)
		return -EINVAL;

	e = calloc(1, sizeof(*e));
	if (!e)
		return -ENOMEM;
	e->lba_end = cpu_to_le64(lsect);
	e->lba_start = cpu_to_le64(fsect);

	gpt_entry_set_type(e, type);

	/*
	 * Any time a new partition entry is created a new GUID must be
	 * generated for that partition, and every partition is guaranteed
	 * to have a unique GUID.
	 */
	uuid_generate_random((unsigned char *) &e->partition_guid);
	swap_efi_guid(&e->partition_guid);

	memcpy(&entries[partnum], e, sizeof(*e));

	gpt_recompute_crc(gpt->pheader, entries);
	gpt_recompute_crc(gpt->bheader, entries);

	free(e);
	return 0;
}

/* Performs logical checks to add a new partition entry */
static int gpt_add_partition(
		struct fdisk_context *cxt,
		size_t partnum,
		struct fdisk_parttype *t)
{
	uint64_t user_f, user_l;	/* user input ranges for first and last sectors */
	uint64_t disk_f, disk_l;	/* first and last available sector ranges on device*/
	uint64_t dflt_f, dflt_l;	/* largest segment (default) */
	struct gpt_guid typeid;
	struct fdisk_gpt_label *gpt;
	struct gpt_header *pheader;
	struct gpt_entry *ents;
	struct fdisk_ask *ask = NULL;
	int rc;

	assert(cxt);
	assert(cxt->label);
	assert(fdisk_is_disklabel(cxt, GPT));

	gpt = self_label(cxt);

	if (partnum >= cxt->label->nparts_max)
		return -EINVAL;

	pheader = gpt->pheader;
	ents = gpt->ents;

	if (!partition_unused(&ents[partnum])) {
		fdisk_warnx(cxt, _("Partition %zu is already defined.  "
			           "Delete it before re-adding it."), partnum +1);
		return -EINVAL;
	}
	if (le32_to_cpu(pheader->npartition_entries) ==
			partitions_in_use(pheader, ents)) {
		fdisk_warnx(cxt, _("All partitions are already in use."));
		return -EINVAL;
	}

	if (!get_free_sectors(cxt, pheader, ents, NULL, NULL)) {
		fdisk_warnx(cxt, _("No free sectors available."));
		return -ENOSPC;
	}

	disk_f = find_first_available(pheader, ents, 0);
	disk_l = find_last_free_sector(pheader, ents);

	/* the default is the largest free space */
	dflt_f = find_first_in_largest(pheader, ents);
	dflt_l = find_last_free(pheader, ents, dflt_f);

	/* align the default in range <dflt_f,dflt_l>*/
	dflt_f = fdisk_align_lba_in_range(cxt, dflt_f, dflt_f, dflt_l);

	string_to_guid(t && t->typestr ? t->typestr : GPT_DEFAULT_ENTRY_TYPE, &typeid);

	/* get user input for first and last sectors of the new partition */
	for (;;) {
		if (!ask)
			ask = fdisk_new_ask();
		else
			fdisk_reset_ask(ask);

		/* First sector */
		fdisk_ask_set_query(ask, _("First sector"));
		fdisk_ask_set_type(ask, FDISK_ASKTYPE_NUMBER);
		fdisk_ask_number_set_low(ask,     disk_f);	/* minimal */
		fdisk_ask_number_set_default(ask, dflt_f);	/* default */
		fdisk_ask_number_set_high(ask,    disk_l);	/* maximal */

		rc = fdisk_do_ask(cxt, ask);
		if (rc)
			goto done;

		user_f = fdisk_ask_number_get_result(ask);
		if (user_f != find_first_available(pheader, ents, user_f)) {
			fdisk_warnx(cxt, _("Sector %ju already used."), user_f);
			continue;
		}

		fdisk_reset_ask(ask);

		/* Last sector */
		dflt_l = find_last_free(pheader, ents, user_f);

		fdisk_ask_set_query(ask, _("Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G,T,P}"));
		fdisk_ask_set_type(ask, FDISK_ASKTYPE_OFFSET);
		fdisk_ask_number_set_low(ask,     user_f);	/* minimal */
		fdisk_ask_number_set_default(ask, dflt_l);	/* default */
		fdisk_ask_number_set_high(ask,    dflt_l);	/* maximal */
		fdisk_ask_number_set_base(ask,    user_f);	/* base for relative input */
		fdisk_ask_number_set_unit(ask,    cxt->sector_size);

		rc = fdisk_do_ask(cxt, ask);
		if (rc)
			goto done;

		user_l = fdisk_ask_number_get_result(ask);
		if (fdisk_ask_number_is_relative(ask))
			user_l = fdisk_align_lba_in_range(cxt, user_l, user_f, dflt_l) - 1;
		if (user_l > user_f && user_l <= disk_l)
			break;
	}

	if (gpt_create_new_partition(cxt, partnum,
				     user_f, user_l, &typeid, ents) != 0)
		fdisk_warnx(cxt, _("Could not create partition %ju"), partnum + 1);
	else {
		struct fdisk_parttype *t;

		cxt->label->nparts_cur++;
		fdisk_label_set_changed(cxt->label, 1);

		t = gpt_get_partition_type(cxt, partnum);
		fdisk_info_new_partition(cxt, partnum + 1, user_f, user_l, t);
		fdisk_free_parttype(t);
	}

	rc = 0;
done:
	fdisk_free_ask(ask);
	return rc;
}

/*
 * Create a new GPT disklabel - destroys any previous data.
 */
static int gpt_create_disklabel(struct fdisk_context *cxt)
{
	int rc = 0;
	ssize_t esz = 0;
	char str[37];
	struct fdisk_gpt_label *gpt;

	assert(cxt);
	assert(cxt->label);
	assert(fdisk_is_disklabel(cxt, GPT));

	gpt = self_label(cxt);

	/* label private stuff has to be empty, see gpt_deinit() */
	assert(gpt->pheader == NULL);
	assert(gpt->bheader == NULL);

	/*
	 * When no header, entries or pmbr is set, we're probably
	 * dealing with a new, empty disk - so always allocate memory
	 * to deal with the data structures whatever the case is.
	 */
	rc = gpt_mknew_pmbr(cxt);
	if (rc < 0)
		goto done;

	/* primary */
	gpt->pheader = calloc(1, sizeof(*gpt->pheader));
	if (!gpt->pheader) {
		rc = -ENOMEM;
		goto done;
	}
	rc = gpt_mknew_header(cxt, gpt->pheader, GPT_PRIMARY_PARTITION_TABLE_LBA);
	if (rc < 0)
		goto done;

	/* backup ("copy" primary) */
	gpt->bheader = calloc(1, sizeof(*gpt->bheader));
	if (!gpt->bheader) {
		rc = -ENOMEM;
		goto done;
	}
	rc = gpt_mknew_header_from_bkp(cxt, gpt->bheader,
			last_lba(cxt), gpt->pheader);
	if (rc < 0)
		goto done;

	esz = le32_to_cpu(gpt->pheader->npartition_entries) *
	      le32_to_cpu(gpt->pheader->sizeof_partition_entry);
	gpt->ents = calloc(1, esz);
	if (!gpt->ents) {
		rc = -ENOMEM;
		goto done;
	}
	gpt_recompute_crc(gpt->pheader, gpt->ents);
	gpt_recompute_crc(gpt->bheader, gpt->ents);

	cxt->label->nparts_max = le32_to_cpu(gpt->pheader->npartition_entries);
	cxt->label->nparts_cur = 0;

	guid_to_string(&gpt->pheader->disk_guid, str);
	fdisk_label_set_changed(cxt->label, 1);
	fdisk_sinfo(cxt, FDISK_INFO_SUCCESS,
			_("Created a new GPT disklabel (GUID: %s)."), str);
done:
	return rc;
}

static int gpt_get_disklabel_id(struct fdisk_context *cxt, char **id)
{
	struct fdisk_gpt_label *gpt;
	char str[37];

	assert(cxt);
	assert(id);
	assert(cxt->label);
	assert(fdisk_is_disklabel(cxt, GPT));

	gpt = self_label(cxt);
	guid_to_string(&gpt->pheader->disk_guid, str);

	*id = strdup(str);
	if (!*id)
		return -ENOMEM;
	return 0;
}

static int gpt_set_disklabel_id(struct fdisk_context *cxt)
{
	struct fdisk_gpt_label *gpt;
	struct gpt_guid uuid;
	char *str, *old, *new;
	int rc;

	assert(cxt);
	assert(cxt->label);
	assert(fdisk_is_disklabel(cxt, GPT));

	gpt = self_label(cxt);
	if (fdisk_ask_string(cxt,
			_("Enter new disk UUID (in 8-4-4-4-12 format)"), &str))
		return -EINVAL;

	rc = string_to_guid(str, &uuid);
	free(str);

	if (rc) {
		fdisk_warnx(cxt, _("Failed to parse your UUID."));
		return rc;
	}

	gpt_get_disklabel_id(cxt, &old);

	gpt->pheader->disk_guid = uuid;
	gpt->bheader->disk_guid = uuid;

	gpt_recompute_crc(gpt->pheader, gpt->ents);
	gpt_recompute_crc(gpt->bheader, gpt->ents);

	gpt_get_disklabel_id(cxt, &new);

	fdisk_sinfo(cxt, FDISK_INFO_SUCCESS,
			_("Disk identifier changed from %s to %s."), old, new);

	free(old);
	free(new);
	fdisk_label_set_changed(cxt->label, 1);
	return 0;
}


static struct fdisk_parttype *gpt_get_partition_type(
		struct fdisk_context *cxt,
		size_t i)
{
	struct fdisk_parttype *t;
	char str[37];
	struct fdisk_gpt_label *gpt;

	assert(cxt);
	assert(cxt->label);
	assert(fdisk_is_disklabel(cxt, GPT));

	gpt = self_label(cxt);

	if ((uint32_t) i >= le32_to_cpu(gpt->pheader->npartition_entries))
		return NULL;

	guid_to_string(&gpt->ents[i].type, str);
	t = fdisk_get_parttype_from_string(cxt, str);
	if (!t)
		t = fdisk_new_unknown_parttype(0, str);

	return t;
}


static int gpt_set_partition_type(
		struct fdisk_context *cxt,
		size_t i,
		struct fdisk_parttype *t)
{
	struct gpt_guid uuid;
	struct fdisk_gpt_label *gpt;

	assert(cxt);
	assert(cxt->label);
	assert(fdisk_is_disklabel(cxt, GPT));

	gpt = self_label(cxt);
	if ((uint32_t) i >= le32_to_cpu(gpt->pheader->npartition_entries)
	     || !t || !t->typestr || string_to_guid(t->typestr, &uuid) != 0)
		return -EINVAL;

	gpt_entry_set_type(&gpt->ents[i], &uuid);
	gpt_recompute_crc(gpt->pheader, gpt->ents);
	gpt_recompute_crc(gpt->bheader, gpt->ents);

	fdisk_label_set_changed(cxt->label, 1);
	return 0;
}

static int gpt_get_partition_status(
		struct fdisk_context *cxt,
		size_t i,
		int *status)
{
	struct fdisk_gpt_label *gpt;
	struct gpt_entry *e;

	assert(cxt);
	assert(cxt->label);
	assert(fdisk_is_disklabel(cxt, GPT));

	gpt = self_label(cxt);

	if (!status || (uint32_t) i >= le32_to_cpu(gpt->pheader->npartition_entries))
		return -EINVAL;

	e = &gpt->ents[i];
	*status = FDISK_PARTSTAT_NONE;

	if (!partition_unused(e) || gpt_partition_start(e))
		*status = FDISK_PARTSTAT_USED;

	return 0;
}

int fdisk_gpt_partition_set_uuid(struct fdisk_context *cxt, size_t i)
{
	struct fdisk_gpt_label *gpt;
	struct gpt_entry *e;
	struct gpt_guid uuid;
	char *str, new_u[37], old_u[37];
	int rc;

	assert(cxt);
	assert(cxt->label);
	assert(fdisk_is_disklabel(cxt, GPT));

	DBG(LABEL, dbgprint("UUID change requested partno=%zu", i));

	gpt = self_label(cxt);

	if ((uint32_t) i >= le32_to_cpu(gpt->pheader->npartition_entries))
		return -EINVAL;

	if (fdisk_ask_string(cxt,
			_("New UUID (in 8-4-4-4-12 format)"), &str))
		return -EINVAL;

	rc = string_to_guid(str, &uuid);
	free(str);

	if (rc) {
		fdisk_warnx(cxt, _("Failed to parse your UUID."));
		return rc;
	}

	e = &gpt->ents[i];

	guid_to_string(&e->partition_guid, old_u);
	guid_to_string(&uuid, new_u);

	e->partition_guid = uuid;
	gpt_recompute_crc(gpt->pheader, gpt->ents);
	gpt_recompute_crc(gpt->bheader, gpt->ents);
	fdisk_label_set_changed(cxt->label, 1);

	fdisk_sinfo(cxt, FDISK_INFO_SUCCESS,
			_("Partition UUID changed from %s to %s."),
			old_u, new_u);
	return 0;
}

int fdisk_gpt_partition_set_name(struct fdisk_context *cxt, size_t i)
{
	struct fdisk_gpt_label *gpt;
	struct gpt_entry *e;
	char *str, *old, name[GPT_PART_NAME_LEN] = { 0 };
	size_t sz;

	assert(cxt);
	assert(cxt->label);
	assert(fdisk_is_disklabel(cxt, GPT));

	DBG(LABEL, dbgprint("NAME change requested partno=%zu", i));

	gpt = self_label(cxt);

	if ((uint32_t) i >= le32_to_cpu(gpt->pheader->npartition_entries))
		return -EINVAL;

	if (fdisk_ask_string(cxt, _("New name"), &str))
		return -EINVAL;

	e = &gpt->ents[i];
	old = encode_to_utf8((unsigned char *)e->name, sizeof(e->name));

	sz = strlen(str);
	if (sz) {
		if (sz > GPT_PART_NAME_LEN)
			sz = GPT_PART_NAME_LEN;
		memcpy(name, str, sz);
	}

	for (i = 0; i < GPT_PART_NAME_LEN; i++)
		e->name[i] = cpu_to_le16((uint16_t) name[i]);

	gpt_recompute_crc(gpt->pheader, gpt->ents);
	gpt_recompute_crc(gpt->bheader, gpt->ents);

	fdisk_label_set_changed(cxt->label, 1);

	fdisk_sinfo(cxt, FDISK_INFO_SUCCESS,
			_("Partition name changed from '%s' to '%.*s'."),
			old, (int) GPT_PART_NAME_LEN, str);
	free(str);
	free(old);

	return 0;
}


/*
 * Deinitialize fdisk-specific variables
 */
static void gpt_deinit(struct fdisk_label *lb)
{
	struct fdisk_gpt_label *gpt = (struct fdisk_gpt_label *) lb;

	if (!gpt)
		return;

	free(gpt->ents);
	free(gpt->pheader);
	free(gpt->bheader);

	gpt->ents = NULL;
	gpt->pheader = NULL;
	gpt->bheader = NULL;
}

static const struct fdisk_label_operations gpt_operations =
{
	.probe		= gpt_probe_label,
	.write		= gpt_write_disklabel,
	.verify		= gpt_verify_disklabel,
	.create		= gpt_create_disklabel,
	.list		= gpt_list_disklabel,
	.locate		= gpt_locate_disklabel,
	.get_id		= gpt_get_disklabel_id,
	.set_id		= gpt_set_disklabel_id,

	.part_add	= gpt_add_partition,
	.part_delete	= gpt_delete_partition,
	.part_get_type	= gpt_get_partition_type,
	.part_set_type	= gpt_set_partition_type,

	.part_get_status = gpt_get_partition_status,

	.deinit		= gpt_deinit
};

/*
 * allocates GPT in-memory stuff
 */
struct fdisk_label *fdisk_new_gpt_label(struct fdisk_context *cxt)
{
	struct fdisk_label *lb;
	struct fdisk_gpt_label *gpt;

	assert(cxt);

	gpt = calloc(1, sizeof(*gpt));
	if (!gpt)
		return NULL;

	/* initialize generic part of the driver */
	lb = (struct fdisk_label *) gpt;
	lb->name = "gpt";
	lb->id = FDISK_DISKLABEL_GPT;
	lb->op = &gpt_operations;
	lb->parttypes = gpt_parttypes;
	lb->nparttypes = ARRAY_SIZE(gpt_parttypes);

	return lb;
}