libmount: add new libmnt_monitor API

It's usually enough to us [e]poll() to monitor kernel mount table, but
there is no way how to monitor changes in userspace mount options
(e.g. _netdev). The management of these mount options is completely
hidden in libmount and /rub/mount/utab is private libmount file.

This patch introduces new libmnt_mount API to monitor also userspace
mount table.

Signed-off-by: Karel Zak <kzak@redhat.com>

10 files changed, 482 insertions, 3 deletions

diff --git a/include/fileutils.h b/include/fileutils.h
index 98798f7ee..3353f69a0 100644
--- a/include/fileutils.h
+++ b/include/fileutils.h
@@ -1,6 +1,12 @@
 #ifndef UTIL_LINUX_FILEUTILS
 #define UTIL_LINUX_FILEUTILS
 
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+#include "c.h"
+
 extern int xmkstemp(char **tmpname, char *dir);
 
 static inline FILE *xfmkstemp(char **tmpname, char *dir)
diff --git a/libmount/docs/libmount-docs.xml b/libmount/docs/libmount-docs.xml
index a95d18090..86108a966 100644
--- a/libmount/docs/libmount-docs.xml
+++ b/libmount/docs/libmount-docs.xml
@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@ available from ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/util-linux/.
     <title>Tables management</title>
     <xi:include href="xml/lock.xml"/>
     <xi:include href="xml/update.xml"/>
+    <xi:include href="xml/monitor.xml"/>
     <xi:include href="xml/tabdiff.xml"/>
   </part>
   <part>
diff --git a/libmount/docs/libmount-sections.txt b/libmount/docs/libmount-sections.txt
index 88c1f53b6..626f21108 100644
--- a/libmount/docs/libmount-sections.txt
+++ b/libmount/docs/libmount-sections.txt
@@ -382,3 +382,15 @@ mnt_get_library_version
 mnt_get_library_features
 LIBMOUNT_VERSION
 </SECTION>
+
+<SECTION>
+<FILE>monitor</FILE>
+libmnt_monitor
+mnt_new_monitor
+mnt_ref_monitor
+mnt_unref_monitor
+mnt_monitor_userspace_get_fd
+mnt_monitor_get_events
+mnt_monitor_get_filename
+mnt_monitor_is_changed
+</SECTION>
diff --git a/libmount/src/Makemodule.am b/libmount/src/Makemodule.am
index a0393f7a8..98fef00bd 100644
--- a/libmount/src/Makemodule.am
+++ b/libmount/src/Makemodule.am
@@ -30,7 +30,8 @@ libmount_la_SOURCES += \
 	libmount/src/context.c \
 	libmount/src/context_loopdev.c \
 	libmount/src/context_mount.c \
-	libmount/src/context_umount.c
+	libmount/src/context_umount.c \
+	libmount/src/monitor.c
 endif
 
 nodist_libmount_la_SOURCES = libmount/src/mountP.h
@@ -73,6 +74,7 @@ check_PROGRAMS += \
 	test_mount_tab_update \
 	test_mount_utils \
 	test_mount_version \
+	test_mount_monitor \
 	test_mount_debug
 
 libmount_tests_cflags  = -DTEST_PROGRAM $(libmount_la_CFLAGS)
@@ -113,6 +115,11 @@ test_mount_tab_diff_CFLAGS = $(libmount_tests_cflags)
 test_mount_tab_diff_LDFLAGS = $(libmount_tests_ldflags)
 test_mount_tab_diff_LDADD = $(libmount_tests_ldadd)
 
+test_mount_monitor_SOURCES = libmount/src/monitor.c
+test_mount_monitor_CFLAGS = $(libmount_tests_cflags)
+test_mount_monitor_LDFLAGS = $(libmount_tests_ldflags)
+test_mount_monitor_LDADD = $(libmount_tests_ldadd)
+
 test_mount_tab_update_SOURCES = libmount/src/tab_update.c
 test_mount_tab_update_CFLAGS = $(libmount_tests_cflags)
 test_mount_tab_update_LDFLAGS = $(libmount_tests_ldflags)
diff --git a/libmount/src/init.c b/libmount/src/init.c
index eee67c5af..fc5745956 100644
--- a/libmount/src/init.c
+++ b/libmount/src/init.c
@@ -29,6 +29,8 @@ UL_DEBUG_DEFINE_MASKNAMES(libmount) =
 	{ "tab", MNT_DEBUG_TAB,		"fstab, mtab, moutninfo routines" },
 	{ "update", MNT_DEBUG_UPDATE,	"mtab, utab updates" },
 	{ "utils", MNT_DEBUG_UTILS,	"misc library utils" },
+	{ "monitor", MNT_DEBUG_MONITOR,	"mount tables monitor" },
+
 	{ NULL, 0 }
 };
 
diff --git a/libmount/src/libmount.h.in b/libmount/src/libmount.h.in
index 91e22874c..b6e3dd308 100644
--- a/libmount/src/libmount.h.in
+++ b/libmount/src/libmount.h.in
@@ -104,6 +104,13 @@ struct libmnt_update;
 struct libmnt_context;
 
 /**
+ * libmnt_monitor
+ *
+ * Mount tables monitor
+ */
+struct libmnt_monitor;
+
+/**
  * libmnt_tabdiff:
  *
  * Stores mountinfo state
@@ -529,6 +536,17 @@ extern int mnt_tabdiff_next_change(struct libmnt_tabdiff *df,
 				   struct libmnt_fs **new_fs,
 				   int *oper);
 
+/* minitor.c */
+extern struct libmnt_monitor *mnt_new_monitor(void);
+extern void mnt_ref_monitor(struct libmnt_monitor *mn);
+extern void mnt_unref_monitor(struct libmnt_monitor *mn);
+
+extern int mnt_monitor_userspace_get_fd(struct libmnt_monitor *mn, const char *filename);
+extern int mnt_monitor_get_events(struct libmnt_monitor *mn, int fd, unsigned int *event);
+extern const char *mnt_monitor_get_filename(struct libmnt_monitor *mn, int fd);
+extern int mnt_monitor_is_changed(struct libmnt_monitor *mn, int fd);
+
+
 /* context.c */
 
 /*
diff --git a/libmount/src/libmount.sym b/libmount/src/libmount.sym
index 56170abc2..d5c4643e4 100644
--- a/libmount/src/libmount.sym
+++ b/libmount/src/libmount.sym
@@ -297,3 +297,13 @@ MOUNT_2.25 {
 	mnt_table_uniq_fs;
 	mnt_tag_is_valid;
 } MOUNT_2.24;
+
+MOUNT_2.26 {
+	mnt_monitor_get_events;
+	mnt_monitor_get_filename;
+	mnt_monitor_is_changed;
+	mnt_monitor_userspace_get_fd;
+	mnt_new_monitor;
+	mnt_ref_monitor;
+	mnt_unref_monitor;
+} MOUNT_2.25;
diff --git a/libmount/src/monitor.c b/libmount/src/monitor.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c043adfd0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libmount/src/monitor.c
@@ -0,0 +1,421 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2014 Karel Zak <kzak@redhat.com>
+ *
+ * This file may be redistributed under the terms of the
+ * GNU Lesser General Public License.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * SECTION: monitor
+ * @title: Monitor
+ * @short_description: interface to monitor mount tables
+ *
+ */
+
+#include "fileutils.h"
+#include "mountP.h"
+
+#include <sys/inotify.h>
+#include <sys/epoll.h>
+
+
+enum {
+	MNT_MONITOR_TYPE_NONE	= 0,
+	MNT_MONITOR_TYPE_USERSPACE
+};
+
+struct monitor_entry {
+	int			fd;		/* public file descriptor */
+	char			*path;		/* path to the monitored file */
+	unsigned int		events;		/* epoll events or zero */
+	int			type;		/* MNT_MONITOR_TYPE_* */
+
+	struct list_head	ents;
+};
+
+struct libmnt_monitor {
+	int			refcount;
+
+	struct list_head	ents;
+};
+
+/**
+ * mnt_new_monitor:
+ *
+ * The initial refcount is 1, and needs to be decremented to
+ * release the resources of the filesystem.
+ *
+ * Returns: newly allocated struct libmnt_monitor.
+ */
+struct libmnt_monitor *mnt_new_monitor(void)
+{
+	struct libmnt_monitor *mn = calloc(1, sizeof(*mn));
+	if (!mn)
+		return NULL;
+
+	mn->refcount = 1;
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&mn->ents);
+
+	DBG(MONITOR, ul_debugobj(mn, "alloc"));
+	return mn;
+}
+
+/**
+ * mnt_ref_monitor:
+ * @mn: monitor pointer
+ *
+ * Increments reference counter.
+ */
+void mnt_ref_monitor(struct libmnt_monitor *mn)
+{
+	if (mn)
+		mn->refcount++;
+}
+
+static void free_monitor_entry(struct monitor_entry *me)
+{
+	if (!me)
+		return;
+	list_del(&me->ents);
+	if (me->fd >= 0)
+		close(me->fd);
+	free(me->path);
+	free(me);
+}
+
+static void free_monitor(struct libmnt_monitor *mn)
+{
+
+	while (!list_empty(&mn->ents)) {
+		struct monitor_entry *me = list_entry(mn->ents.next,
+				                  struct monitor_entry, ents);
+		free_monitor_entry(me);
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * mnt_unref_monitor:
+ * @mn: monitor pointer
+ *
+ * De-increments reference counter, on zero the @mn is automatically
+ * deallocated.
+ */
+void mnt_unref_monitor(struct libmnt_monitor *mn)
+{
+	if (mn) {
+		mn->refcount--;
+		if (mn->refcount <= 0)
+			free_monitor(mn);
+	}
+}
+
+static struct monitor_entry *monitor_new_entry(struct libmnt_monitor *mn)
+{
+	struct monitor_entry *me;
+
+	assert(mn);
+
+	me = calloc(1, sizeof(*me));
+	if (!me)
+		return NULL;
+        INIT_LIST_HEAD(&me->ents);
+	list_add_tail(&me->ents, &mn->ents);
+
+	return me;
+}
+
+/**
+ * mnt_monitor_userspace_get_fd:
+ * @mn: monitor pointer
+ * @filename: overwrites default
+ *
+ * The kernel mount tables (/proc/mounts and /proc/self/mountinfo) are possible
+ * to monitor by [e]poll(). This function provides the same for userspace mount
+ * table.
+ *
+ * The userspace mount table is originaly /etc/mtab or on systems without mtab
+ * it's private libmount utab file.
+ *
+ * The userspace mount tables are updated by rename(2), this requires that all
+ * dictionary with the mount table is monitored. Be careful on systems with
+ * regular /etc (see mnt_has_regular_mtab()).
+ *
+ * Use mnt_monitor_userspace_get_events() to get epoll events mask (e.g
+ * EPOLLIN, ...).
+ * 
+ * Use mnt_monitor_is_changed() to verify that events on the @fd are really
+ * relevant for userspace moutn table.
+ *
+ * If the change is detected then you can use mnt_table_parse_mtab() to parse
+ * the file and mnt_diff_tables() to compare old and new version of the file.
+ *
+ * Returns: <0 on error or file descriptor.
+ */
+#ifdef HAVE_INOTIFY_INIT1
+int mnt_monitor_userspace_get_fd(struct libmnt_monitor *mn, const char *filename)
+{
+	struct monitor_entry *me;
+	int rc = 0, wd;
+	char *dirname, *sep;
+
+	assert(mn);
+
+	if (!filename) {
+		if (!mnt_has_regular_mtab(&filename, NULL))	/* /etc/mtab */
+			filename = mnt_get_utab_path();		/* /run/mount/utab */
+		if (!filename) {
+			DBG(MONITOR, ul_debugobj(mn, "failed to get userspace mount table path"));
+			return -EINVAL;
+		}
+	}
+
+	DBG(MONITOR, ul_debugobj(mn, "new userspace monitor for %s requested", filename));
+
+	me = monitor_new_entry(mn);
+	if (!me)
+		goto err;
+
+	me->type = MNT_MONITOR_TYPE_USERSPACE;
+	me->path = strdup(filename);
+	if (!me->path)
+		goto err;
+
+	dirname = me->path;
+	sep = stripoff_last_component(dirname);	/* add \0 between dir/filename */
+
+	/* make sure the directory exists */
+	rc = mkdir(dirname, S_IWUSR|
+			    S_IRUSR|S_IRGRP|S_IROTH|
+			    S_IXUSR|S_IXGRP|S_IXOTH);
+	if (rc && errno != EEXIST)
+		goto err;
+
+	/* initialize inotify stuff */
+	me->fd = inotify_init1(IN_NONBLOCK | IN_CLOEXEC);
+	if (me->fd < 0)
+		goto err;
+
+	/*
+	 * libmount uses rename(2) to atomically update utab/mtab, the finame
+	 * change is possible to detect by IN_MOVE_TO inotify event.
+	 */
+	wd = inotify_add_watch(me->fd, dirname, IN_MOVED_TO);
+	if (wd < 0)
+		goto err;
+
+	if (sep && sep > dirname)
+		*(sep - 1) = '/';		/* set '/' back to the path */
+
+	me->events = EPOLLIN | EPOLLPRI;
+
+	DBG(MONITOR, ul_debugobj(mn, "new fd=%d", me->fd));
+	return me->fd;
+err:
+	rc = -errno;
+	free_monitor_entry(me);
+	return rc;
+}
+#else /* HAVE_INOTIFY_INIT1 */
+int mnt_monitor_userspace_get_fd(struct libmnt_monitor *mn __attribute__((unused)),
+				const char *filename  __attribute__((unused)))
+{
+	return -ENOSYS;
+}
+#endif
+
+static struct monitor_entry *get_monitor_entry(struct libmnt_monitor *mn, int fd)
+{
+	struct list_head *p;
+
+	assert(mn);
+
+	if (fd < 0)
+		return NULL;
+
+	list_for_each(p, &mn->ents) {
+		struct monitor_entry *me;
+
+		me = list_entry(p, struct monitor_entry, ents);
+		if (me->fd == fd)
+			return me;
+	}
+
+	DBG(MONITOR, ul_debugobj(mn, "failed to get entry for fd=%d", fd));
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+/**
+ * mnt_monitor_get_events:
+ * @mn: monitor
+ * @fd: event file descriptor
+ * @event: returns epoll event mask
+ *
+ * Returns: on on success, <0 on error.
+ */
+int mnt_monitor_get_events(struct libmnt_monitor *mn, int fd, unsigned int *event)
+{
+	struct monitor_entry *me = get_monitor_entry(mn, fd);
+
+	if (!me || !event)
+		return -EINVAL;
+	*event = me->events;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * mnt_monitor_get_filename:
+ * @mn: monitor
+ * @fd: event file descriptor
+ *
+ * Returns: filename monitored by @fd or NULL on error.
+ */
+const char *mnt_monitor_get_filename(struct libmnt_monitor *mn, int fd)
+{
+	struct monitor_entry *me = get_monitor_entry(mn, fd);
+
+	if (!me)
+		return NULL;
+	return me->path;
+}
+
+/**
+ * mnt_monitor_is_changed:
+ * @mn: monitor
+ * @fd: event file descriptor
+ *
+ * Returns: 1 of the file monitored by @fd has been changed
+ */
+int mnt_monitor_is_changed(struct libmnt_monitor *mn, int fd)
+{
+	struct monitor_entry *me = get_monitor_entry(mn, fd);
+	int rc = 0;
+
+	if (!me)
+		return 0;
+
+
+	switch (me->type) {
+#ifdef HAVE_INOTIFY_INIT1
+	case MNT_MONITOR_TYPE_USERSPACE:
+	{
+		char wanted[NAME_MAX + 1];
+		char buf[sizeof(struct inotify_event) + NAME_MAX + 1];
+		struct inotify_event *event;
+                char *p;
+		ssize_t r;
+
+		DBG(MONITOR, ul_debugobj(mn, "checking fd=%d for userspace changes", me->fd));
+
+		p = strrchr(me->path, '/');
+		if (!p)
+			p = me->path;
+		else
+			p++;
+		strncpy(wanted, p, sizeof(wanted) - 1);
+		wanted[sizeof(wanted) - 1] = '\0';
+		rc = 0;
+
+		DBG(MONITOR, ul_debugobj(mn, "wanted file: '%s'", wanted));
+
+                while ((r = read(me->fd, buf, sizeof(buf))) > 0) {
+			for (p = buf; p < buf + r; ) {
+				event = (struct inotify_event *) p;
+
+				if (strcmp(event->name, wanted) == 0)
+					rc = 1;
+				p += sizeof(struct inotify_event) + event->len;
+                        }
+			if (rc)
+				break;
+                }
+		break;
+	}
+#endif
+	default:
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	DBG(MONITOR, ul_debugobj(mn, "fd=%d %s", me->fd, rc ? "changed" : "unchanged"));
+	return rc;
+}
+
+
+#ifdef TEST_PROGRAM
+
+int test_monitor(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+	struct libmnt_monitor *mn;
+	int fd, efd = -1, rc = -1;
+	struct epoll_event ev = { .events = 0 };
+
+	mn = mnt_new_monitor();
+	if (!mn) {
+		warn("failed to allocate monitor");
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	/* monitor userspace mount table changes */
+	fd = mnt_monitor_userspace_get_fd(mn, NULL);
+	if (fd < 0) {
+		warn("failed to initialize userspace mount table fd");
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	efd = epoll_create1(EPOLL_CLOEXEC);
+	if (efd < 0) {
+		warn("failed to create epoll");
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	mnt_monitor_get_events(mn, fd, &ev.events);
+
+	/* set data is necessary only if you want to use epoll for more file
+	 * descriptors, then epoll_wait() returns data associated with the file
+	 * descriptor. */
+	ev.data.fd = fd;
+
+	rc = epoll_ctl(efd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, fd, &ev);
+	if (rc < 0) {
+		warn("failed to add fd to epoll");
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	printf("waiting for changes...\n");
+	do {
+		struct epoll_event events[1];
+		int n, nfds = epoll_wait(efd, events, 1, -1);
+
+		if (nfds < 0) {
+			rc = -errno;
+			warn("polling error");
+			goto done;
+		}
+
+		for (n = 0; n < nfds; n++) {
+			if (events[n].data.fd == fd &&
+			    mnt_monitor_is_changed(mn, fd) == 1)
+				printf("%s: change detected\n",
+						mnt_monitor_get_filename(mn, fd));
+		}
+	} while (1);
+
+	rc = 0;
+done:
+	printf("done");
+	mnt_unref_monitor(mn);
+	if (efd >= 0)
+		close(efd);
+	return rc;
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+	struct libmnt_test tss[] = {
+		{ "--monitor", test_monitor, "print change" },
+		{ NULL }
+	};
+
+	return mnt_run_test(tss, argc, argv);
+}
+
+#endif /* TEST_PROGRAM */
diff --git a/libmount/src/mountP.h b/libmount/src/mountP.h
index d530d6419..73f264821 100644
--- a/libmount/src/mountP.h
+++ b/libmount/src/mountP.h
@@ -48,6 +48,8 @@
 #define MNT_DEBUG_UTILS		(1 << 8)
 #define MNT_DEBUG_CXT		(1 << 9)
 #define MNT_DEBUG_DIFF		(1 << 10)
+#define MNT_DEBUG_MONITOR	(1 << 11)
+
 #define MNT_DEBUG_ALL		0xFFFF
 
 UL_DEBUG_DECLARE_MASK(libmount);
diff --git a/libmount/src/tab_diff.c b/libmount/src/tab_diff.c
index 970664bd8..1ebaffdfc 100644
--- a/libmount/src/tab_diff.c
+++ b/libmount/src/tab_diff.c
@@ -7,8 +7,8 @@
 
 /**
  * SECTION: tabdiff
- * @title: Monitor mountinfo changes
- * @short_description: monitor changes in the list of the mounted filesystems
+ * @title: Compare changes in mount tables
+ * @short_description: compare changes in the list of the mounted filesystems
  */
 #include "mountP.h"