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authorOndrej Oprala2013-08-06 18:19:37 +0200
committerKarel Zak2013-08-12 12:07:52 +0200
commitce60272039ea11952b15fefb653892dd0da02217 (patch)
treea44eea1fc9ac4aeb65f001b092cde5de5a25a785 /login-utils/last.1
parentagetty: -L accepts optional argument (diff)
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last: merge sysvinit last/lastb
Signed-off-by: Ondrej Oprala <ooprala@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Karel Zak <kzak@redhat.com>
Diffstat (limited to 'login-utils/last.1')
-rw-r--r--login-utils/last.1174
1 files changed, 118 insertions, 56 deletions
diff --git a/login-utils/last.1 b/login-utils/last.1
index beb691784..4afc6c1f9 100644
--- a/login-utils/last.1
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-.TH LAST 1 "March 1992" "util-linux" "User Commands"
+'\" -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
+.\" Copyright (C) 1998-2004 Miquel van Smoorenburg.
+.\"
+.\" This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+.\" it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+.\" the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+.\" (at your option) any later version.
+.\"
+.\" This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+.\" but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+.\" MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+.\" GNU General Public License for more details.
+.\"
+.\" You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+.\" along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+.\" Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+.\"
+.\"{{{}}}
+.\"{{{ Title
+.TH LAST,LASTB 1 "Jul 31, 2004" "" "Linux System Administrator's Manual"
+.\"}}}
+.\"{{{ Name
.SH NAME
-last \(em indicate last logins by user or terminal
+last, lastb \- show listing of last logged in users
+.\"}}}
+.\"{{{ Synopsis
.SH SYNOPSIS
-.ad l
.B last
-.RB [ \-\fP\fInumber\fP ]
-.RB [ \-f
-.IR filename ]
-.RB [ \-t
-.IR tty ]
-.RB [ \-h
-.IR hostname ]
-.RB [ \-i
-.IR address ]
-.RB [ \-l ]
-.RB [ \-y ]
-.RI [ name ...]
-.ad b
+.RB [ \-R ]
+.RB [ \-\fInum\fP ]
+.RB "[ \-\fBn\fP \fInum\fP ]"
+.RB [ \-adFiowx ]
+.RB "[ \-\fBf\fP \fIfile\fP ]"
+.RB "[ \-\fBt\fP \fIYYYYMMDDHHMMSS\fP ]"
+.RI [ name... ]
+.RI [ tty... ]
+.br
+.B lastb
+.RB [ \-R ]
+.RB [ \-\fInum\fP ]
+.RB "[ \-\fBn\fP \fInum\fP ]"
+.RB "[ \-\fBf\fP \fIfile\fP ]"
+.RB [ \-adFiowx ]
+.RI [ name... ]
+.RI [ tty... ]
+.\"}}}
+.\"{{{ Description
.SH DESCRIPTION
-\fBLast\fP looks back in the \fBwtmp\fP file which records all logins
-and logouts for information about a user, a teletype or any group of
-users and teletypes. Arguments specify names of users or teletypes of
-interest. If multiple arguments are given, the information which
-applies to any of the arguments is printed. For example ``\fBlast root
-console\fP'' would list all of root's sessions as well as all sessions
-on the console terminal. \fBLast\fP displays the sessions of the
-specified users and teletypes, most recent first, indicating the times
-at which the session began, the duration of the session, and the
-teletype which the session took place on. If the session is still
-continuing or was cut short by a reboot, \fBlast\fP so indicates.
-.LP
-The pseudo-user \fBreboot\fP logs in at reboots of the system.
-.LP
-\fBLast\fP with no arguments displays a record of all logins and
-logouts, in reverse order.
-.LP
-If \fBlast\fP is interrupted, it indicates how far the search has
-progressed in \fBwtmp\fP. If interrupted with a quit signal \fBlast\fP
-indicates how far the search has progressed so far, and the search
-continues.
+.B Last
+searches back through the file \fB/var/log/wtmp\fP (or the file
+designated by the \fB\-f\fP flag) and displays a list of all
+users logged in (and out) since that file was created. Names of users
+and tty's can be given, in which case \fBlast\fP will show only those entries
+matching the arguments. Names of ttys can be abbreviated, thus \fBlast
+0\fP is the same as \fBlast tty0\fP.
+.PP
+When \fBlast\fP catches a \s-2SIGINT\s0 signal (generated by the interrupt key,
+usually control-C) or a \s-2SIGQUIT\s0 signal (generated by the quit key,
+usually control-\e), \fBlast\fP will show how far it has searched through the
+file; in the case of the \s-2SIGINT\s0 signal \fBlast\fP will then terminate.
+.PP
+The pseudo user \fBreboot\fP logs in each time the system is rebooted.
+Thus \fBlast reboot\fP will show a log of all reboots since the log file
+was created.
+.PP
+\fBLastb\fP is the same as \fBlast\fP, except that by default it shows a log
+of the file \fB/var/log/btmp\fP, which contains all the bad login attempts.
+.\"}}}
+.\"{{{ Options
.SH OPTIONS
-.IP \fB\-\fP\fInumber\fP
-limit the number of entries displayed to that specified by \fInumber\fP.
-.IP "\fB\-f\fP \fIfilename\fP"
-Use \fIfilename\fP as the name of the accounting file instead of
-.BR /var/log/wtmp .
-.IP "\fB\-h\fP \fIhostname\fP"
-List only logins from \fIhostname\fP.
-.IP "\fB\-i\fP \fIIP address\fP"
-List only logins from \fIIP address\fP.
-.IP "\fB\-l\fP"
-List IP addresses of remote hosts instead of truncated host names.
-.IP "\fB\-t\fP \fItty\fP"
-List only logins on \fItty\fP.
-.IP "\fB\-y\fP"
-Also report year of dates.
+.IP "\fB\-f\fP \fIfile\fP"
+Tells \fBlast\fP to use a specific file instead of \fB/var/log/wtmp\fP.
+.IP \fB\-\fP\fInum\fP
+This is a count telling \fBlast\fP how many lines to show.
+.IP "\fB\-n\fP \fInum\fP"
+The same.
+.IP "\fB\-t\fP \fIYYYYMMDDHHMMSS\fP"
+Display the state of logins as of the specified time. This is
+useful, e.g., to determine easily who was logged in at a particular
+time -- specify that time with \fB\-t\fP and look for "still logged
+in".
+.IP "\fB\-f\fP \fIfile\fP"
+Specifies a file to search other than \fB/var/log/wtmp\fP.
+.IP \fB\-R\fP
+Suppresses the display of the hostname field.
+.IP \fB\-a\fP
+Display the hostname in the last column. Useful in combination
+with the next flag.
+.IP \fB\-d\fP
+For non-local logins, Linux stores not only the host name of the remote
+host but its IP number as well. This option translates the IP number
+back into a hostname.
+.IP \fB\-F\fP
+Print full login and logout times and dates.
+.IP \fB\-i\fP
+This option is like \fB-d\fP in that it displays the IP number of the remote
+host, but it displays the IP number in numbers-and-dots notation.
+.IP \fB\-w\fP
+Display full user and domain names in the output.
+.IP \fB\-x\fP
+Display the system shutdown entries and run level changes.
+.\"}}}
+.SH NOTES
+The files \fIwtmp\fP and \fIbtmp\fP might not be found. The system only
+logs information in these files if they are present. This is a local
+configuration issue. If you want the files to be used, they can be
+created with a simple \fBtouch\fP(1) command (for example,
+\fItouch /var/log/wtmp\fP).
+.\"{{{ Files
.SH FILES
-/var/log/wtmp \(em login data base
-.SH AVAILABILITY
-The last command is part of the util-linux package and is available from
-ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/util-linux/.
+/var/log/wtmp
+.br
+/var/log/btmp
+.\"}}}
+.\"{{{ Author
+.SH AUTHOR
+Miquel van Smoorenburg, miquels@cistron.nl
+.\"}}}
+.\"{{{ See also
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+.BR shutdown (8),
+.BR login (1),
+.BR init (8)
+.\"}}}